...I. The Hershey Company’s Background The Hershey Chocolate Company was first founded by Milton S. Hershey in 1894 as a subsidiary of Lancaster Caramel Company. Hershey’s products are sold in sixty countries currently worldwide. Hershey currently employees roughly 13,000 employees. Hershey manufactures, distributes and sell a variety of chocolate and confectionery products, gum and mint products and pantry items. Hershey is one of the oldest chocolate companies currently in the United States and are well-known as an American icon for its chocolate bars. With this, Hershey’s has a competitive advantage in the market of the United States and continue to make strides in order to keep this advantage. (Hershey) Hershey’s vision statement is, “Continuing Milton Hershey’s legacy of commitment to consumers, community and children, we provide high-quality HERSHEY’S products while conducting our business in a socially responsible and environmentally sustainable manner.” Hershey’s promotes its employees to follow the value that it stand by and the value is distributed into four categories: (Hershey) Environment: to minimize impact while meeting functional requirements Marketplace: to engage in an ethical and fair business dealings Community: to positively impact the local communities and society where we work and live Workplace: To foster a desirable workplace II. Take 5 Challenge After the initial launch of Hershey’s Take 5 in 2005, the candy bar was popular along candy bar...
Words: 4545 - Pages: 19
...ABSTRACT This paper briefly discusses Mars Inc., beginning with a brief history of its origins in 1911. The paper continues with identifying some of their products, as well as some initiatives they are currently working on here in the U.S. as well as abroad. Some elements of administrative law that may be relevant to the current and up-coming initiatives and are discussed as well as the sales laws needed to be considered. Recommendations are made to help the company minimize threats of lawsuits. Frank C. Mars began making candies in his Tacoma, Washington, kitchen in 1911 and established the company’s first roots in the confectionary business. In the 1920s, his son, Forrest E. Mars Sr., joined his father in business and together they launched the now world famous Milky Way bar. In 1932 Forrest Sr. moved to the United Kingdom where he founded his own company with a dream of building a business model based on his philosophy of a “mutuality of benefits for all stakeholders”. This vision serves as the foundation of the Mars Incorporated we know today. Mars, Incorporated is a private, family-owned company and employs more than 65,000 associates at over 230 sites, including 135 factories, in 71 countries worldwide. Headquartered in McLean, Virginia, U.S.A., Mars Incorporated is one of the world’s largest food companies, generating global revenues of more than $30 billion annually and operating in six business segments: Chocolate, Petcare, Wrigley Gum and Confections, Food...
Words: 1510 - Pages: 7
...to cleanse oneself. This effect revealed itself through an increased mental accessibility of cleansingrelated concepts, a greater desire for cleansing products, and a greater likelihood of taking antiseptic wipes. Furthermore, we showed that physical cleansing alleviates the upsetting consequences of unethical behavior and reduces threats to one’s moral self-image. Daily hygiene routines such as washing hands, as simple and benign as they might seem, can deliver a powerful antidote to threatened morality, enabling people to truly wash away their sins. W hen we find ourselves in morally compromising situations, how do we deal with the consequences of unethical behavior, given that most if not all of us desire a moral self-image? This paper investigates a basic coping mechanism that has been used by religions for centuries: washing away one_s sins. Physical cleansing, such as bathing or washing hands, is at the core of many religious rituals. Baptism, for instance, is a water purification ritual practiced by Christians, Mandaeanists, and Sikhs. Christians follow the admonition, BArise and be baptized, and wash away your sins[ (1), with faith that through the symbolic cleansing of their bodies they might also achieve a cleansing of conscience. Physical cleansing is also central to Islam; wudu (often translated as Bablution[) is the Muslim act of washing parts of the body in clean water to...
Words: 2532 - Pages: 11
...Part I Essay For ages we all have craved the body of an Adonis/ Aphrodite`s, some say that this are just genes passed on, some say that you can only get it with intense training at least 4 times a week. But the 21 century, the century of speed, no one has time to lose countless hours in the gym so we started looking for some help. We tried different chemicals but in the end we realized that the answer was still in Mother Nature. And so Raspberry Ketone was discovered. A raspberry ketone is generally described as the aromatic element of a raspberry that one first recognizes when in close proximity of a raspberry. While this ketone clearly affects the scent associated with a raspberry, this is not the only thing that can be affected by a raspberry ketone, though. More specifically, raspberry ketones are now being associated with not only weight loss and fat burning, but they are also being through to aid in reducing the likelihood of having liver cancer and cell damage. Raspberry Ketone represents a new element on the market that helps in the fight for a perfect body, sustaining weight loss and fat burning. Just recently been proven to give individuals who regularly consume this product the upper hand in the battle against weight again and fat retention. This represents part of the sales pitch that the company offers, but what does science say? There is some proof for this product but nothing is certain and there were no human studies recorded...
Words: 2094 - Pages: 9
...Competitive Advantage with user’s data 1 Executive Summary This research paper details a study of Facebook’s knowledge management. The user’s involvement, interaction and information were very important for the study. The main objective of the study is how Facebook utilises user’s information and help advertisers target the right audience. The study will be done using Porter’s Five Forces Model and Resource based Value to Facebook. The findings show that Facebook’s large database helped create an advantage over other platforms and benefited all the parties involved in the process. 2 Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………3 About Facebook………………………………………………………………….3 Advertising…………………………………………………………………….…3 Conceptual Framework and Analysis ……………………………………………………5 Porters Five Forces Analysis……………………………………………………..5 Resource Based View of Facebook………………………………………………6 Conclusion and Recommendation………………………………………………………..7 References………………………………………………………………………………..8 3 Introduction As known Microsoft made computers easy for everyone to use. Google helps us search out data. YouTube keeps us entertained. But Facebook a social networking site has a huge advantage over those other sites: the emotional investment of its users. Facebook makes us smile, shudder, squeeze into photographs so we can see ourselves online later, worry when no one responds to our witty remarks, snicker over who got fat after high school, pause during weddings to update our...
Words: 2397 - Pages: 10
...I would ask for a burger without a bun. There are a lot of mouth breathers in the fast food industry, and asking some of these people for this simple request was just too much for them to comprehend. My mom lost over 100 pounds in less than a year, when combined the diet with water aerobics. Because there was way less sugary and carb rich foods in the house I lost a lot of weight also. Looking back at pictures of that time both my mom and I never looked better. About 10 years ago I fell in love with a girl who barely knew I existed and decided that I would win her heart by losing weight (unlike the previous admission, I can’t use being a teenager as an excuse.) I started the diet without reading anything or doing any kind of research besides a 5 minute conversation with my mom on how the diet works. This was in 2003 I believe and it...
Words: 2984 - Pages: 12
...STAT 225: Introduction to Probability Models Extra Examples 1 Introduction to Probability Extra 1.1 Let A be an event that happens 40% of the time. Let B be an event that happens 75% of the time. Answer the following 4 questions. What is the smallest probability the intersection of A and B can have? What is the largest probability the intersection of A and B can have? What is the smallest probability the union of A and B can have? What is the largest probability the union of A and B can have? .15, .4, .75, and 1 respectively. Extra 1.2 Suppose we are rolling 2 independent, fair 10-sided die. Let A be the event that the sum of the rolls is a prime number. Let B be the event that the sum of the rolls is odd. Let C be the event that the sum of the rolls is even. Find the following sets: BC , A ∩ B, A ∪ C, A ∩ C, (A ∩ C)C , A ∩ (B ∩ C)C , (A ∩ (B ∩ C))C ? BC = C, A ∩ B = A \ {2}, A ∪ C = Ω \ {9, 15}, A ∩ C = {2}, (A ∩ C)C =Ω \ {2}, A ∩ (B ∩ C)C = A, and (A ∩ (B ∩ C))C = Ω. Extra 1.3 Suppose a lottery has balls numbered 1-20. 4 balls are picked at random and without replacement. Let A be the event that all 4 balls are even. Let B be the event that all 4 balls are less than 10. Let C be the event that all 4 balls are primes. (Allow 1 to be a prime.) Find P(A), P(B), and P(C). (Hint an extended general multiplication rule could be helpful.) P(all 4 even) = (10)4 (20)4 = .0433. (9) P(all less than 10) = (20)44 = .0260. What numbers are prime? 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, and...
Words: 19031 - Pages: 77
...our tendency to lie, even when we couldn't possibly be caught? • W h y do we splurge on a lavish meal but cut coupons to save 25 cents on a can of soup? • W h y do we go back for second helpings at the unlimited buffet, even when our stomachs are already full? • And how did we ever start spending $4.15 on a cup of coffee when, just a few years ago, we used to pay less than a dollar? hen it comes to making decisions in our lives, we think we're in control. We think we're making smart, rational choices. But are we? In a series o f illuminating, often surprising experi ments, M I T behavioral economist Dan Ariely refutes the common assumption that we behave in fundamentally rational ways. Blending everyday experience with ground breaking research, Ariely explains how expectations, emotions, social norms, and other invisible, seemingly illogical forces skew our reasoning abilities. N o t only do we make astonishingly simple mistakes every day, but we make the same types of mistakes, Ariely discovers. We consistently overpay, underestimate, and procrastinate. We fail to understand the profound effects of our emotions on what we want, and we overvalue what we already own. Yet these misguided behaviors are neither random nor senseless. They're systematic and predict able—making us predictably irrational. From drinking coffee to losing weight, from buying a car to choosing a romantic partner, Ariely explains how to break through these systematic patterns o f thought to make better...
Words: 95122 - Pages: 381
...ESPN X Games: Commercialized Extreme Sports for the Masses SMGT 798 Allison Renard A Paper Presented to the faculty of Lasell College in Partial Fulfillment of the requirement of the Degree Master of Science in Management. ABSTRACT For years, extreme sports had little to nothing in common with each other except for high risk, and an appeal to women and men from the ages of 12 to 34. Entertainment Sports Programming Network (ESPN), realizing this age group was a prime viewing audience, brought together several extreme sports and created yet another commercialized sporting spectacle. Since 1995, this television network has produced the Summer X Games. After these summer productions proved to be successful television and live spectator events, ESPN expanded into the winter extreme sports. The Winter X Games have been produced since 1997. This paper, which commences with the rise of extreme sports, is an historical and sociological analysis of the creation and growth of the ESPN X Games. While these commercialized adventure and extreme sporting events have had some obvious growing pains, both the Summer and Winter X Games have grown into events, which annually attract thousands of spectators and viewers while offering fame and a few dollars to their participants. INTRODUCTION One need only take a quick glance at the daily news to discover that society in general is still in a state of constant change (Leonard, 1993). In the United States, this is especially true...
Words: 7500 - Pages: 30
...Marketing Plan 1 .Executive summary In the process of developing this marketing plan a comprehensive analysis of the environment that affecting to Dairycova was done. With respect to the micro environment of the company, affect of the customers and the competitors has analyzed. And also analyzing the macro environment, we have identified affect of the PEST factors. Thereafter SWOT analysis was done identifying the favorable and unfavorable f actors in the internal & external environment. Company has clearly set objectives what is planned to achieve in the future. As well as we could identify several issues that will affect our attainment. As to identify the target market several groups of customer segments have been taken into consideration. By analyzing consumer characteristics and behavior the most appropriate segments have been selected. Several marketing tools used by the firms to pursue its marketing objectives. Company has selected relevant pricing strategies, innovative distribution strategies and attractive communication techniques. We allocate sufficient funds to market our products and achieve our future objectives. 2. Current market situation 2.1 Market analysis Generally in Sri Lanka chocolate is consumed as a snack, given as a present and used during festival season and some variants as an ingredient in cooking as well. Sri Lankan chocolate market is very competitive and it consists with complex customer base. It means consumers have knowledge...
Words: 3971 - Pages: 16
...Kassim Department of Management and Marketing, College of Business and Economics, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar, and Heung-Ja Hong Faculty of Sociology, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan Abstract Purpose – The paper aims to investigate both Western and Eastern corporate branding thoughts and examine the interrelation among four corporate branding dimensions (i.e. corporate name, image, reputation and loyalty) and their joint impact on consumers’ product evaluation. Design/methodology/approach – Building on extensive literature, a model of consumers’ product evaluation that includes the major determinants of corporate branding is proposed. Based on a sample of 218 Japanese and American consumers, structural equation modeling and general linear model analyses are used to test hypotheses. Findings – The research reveals that Japanese and American consumers have different perceptions with respect to the effect of corporate image and corporate loyalty. The corporate name was found to have a significant impact on corporate image and corporate reputation was found to have a significant affect on corporate loyalty. The corporate reputation is also found to be a mediator of the corporate image’s effect on consumers’ product evaluation. Practical implications – The paper suggests that marketers should carefully consider the corporate name when designing their branding strategies. Marketers are also called on to adapt their corporate branding approaches to...
Words: 10082 - Pages: 41
...Chapter 03 Consumer Behavior Multiple Choice 1. ________________ emphasize(s) that profitable marketing begins with the discovery and understanding of consumer needs and then develops a marketing mix to satisfy these needs. A) The marketing concept B) The strategic plan C) The product influences D) The price influences Answer: A Page: 40 2. ________________ is one of the most basic influences on an individual’s needs, wants, and behavior. A) Brand B) Culture C) Product D) Price Answer: B Page: 41 3. In terms of consumer behavior; culture, social class, and reference group influences have been related to purchase and _______________. A) Economic situations B) Situational influences C) Consumption decisions D) Physiological influences Answer: C Page: 39 4. Many sub-cultural barriers are decreasing because of mass communication, mass transit, and a ___________________. A) Decline in the influence of religious values B) Decline in communal influences C) Strong awareness of brands in the market D) Strong awareness of pricing policies in the market Answer: A Page: 42 5. ___________ develop on the basis of wealth, skills and power. A) Economical classes B) Purchasing communities C) Competitors D) Social classes Answer: D Page: 42 6. _____________ (is) are transmitted through three basic organizations: the family, religious organizations, and educational institutions; and in today’s...
Words: 5518 - Pages: 23
...9-293-084 REV: AUGUST 30, 2001 RICHARD S. RUBACK Eskimo Pie Corporation In early 1991, Reynolds Metals, the makers of Aluminum Foil and other aluminum products, decided to sell its holding of Eskimo Pie, a marketer of branded frozen novelties. Reynolds had few interests outside its aluminum and packaging business, and the Eskimo Pie Corporation, with roughly $47 million in sales, accounted for less than 1% of Reynolds revenues. Reynolds planned to use the proceeds from the sale of Eskimo Pie to fund investments in its core aluminum business. Eskimo Pie was 84% owned by Reynolds Metals, and 4% owned by the Reynolds Foundation. The remaining 12% of the Eskimo Pie was held by various Reynolds family members and a small group of outside investors. Goldman Sachs, a New York investment banking firm, was retained to assist with the sale of Eskimo Pie. Goldman estimated that the sale price of Eskimo Pie would be about 1.2 times 1990 sales, or about $57 million. Nestle Foods paid a comparable multiple for Drumstick, another ice cream novelty company, in 1990. Goldman organized an auction for Eskimo Pie, and Nestle was the highest of six bidders with a price of $61 million. Mr. David Clark, President of Eskimo Pie Corporation, recognized that the sale of Eskimo Pie to Nestle would mean the end of its independence. Nestle was likely to consolidate its ice cream novelty businesses by eliminating Eskimo Pie’s headquarters and management staff. He had struggled to find...
Words: 4259 - Pages: 18
...M&M’s Brand Case Study Update Prepared By: Alana Allred, Nate Matthewson, Arianna Mevs, April Seeley & Krystal Simpson 2008: History of the Organization Mars Snackfood U.S. proclaims Green the new color of love this Valentine’s Day. M&M’s used myths, rumors, and innuendo surrounding Green M&M’s Chocolate Candies. Ms. Green used her alluring ways to promote M&M’s Chocolate Candies as green interrupted the pink and red of traditional Valentine’s Day colors. After Valentine’s Day at the end of February 2008, M&M’s Brand introduced M&M’s Wildly Cherry Chocolate Candies marking the first time the brand used cherry fruit flavoring. M&M’s also released limited edition M&M’s Mint Crisp Chocolate Candies, in conjunction with the new movie Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull. 2008 also brought the announcement of personalized M&M’s Chocolate Candies. Consumers can now visit mymms.com and upload photos to be combined with custom messages creating personalized candies for birthdays, weddings and more. M&M’s Brand released Limited Edition Strawberried Peanut Butter Chocolate Candies to celebrate the release of Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen. M&M’s Brand releases Pretzel M&M’s. 2010: Orange Candy Spokesman becomes the new official M&M’s Pretzel Chocolate Candies Spokesman, featured in advertisements and on packaging with an x-ray image showing its pretzel center. 2009:  2012: Ms. Brown makes her debut during the Superbowl. Original Milk Chocolate...
Words: 5299 - Pages: 22
...Channel Strategies in Rural Emerging Markets Unlocking Business Potential By Benjamin Neuwirth Benjamin Neuwirth, Kellogg School of Management, bneuwirth2012@kellogg.northwestern.edu 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In his landmark book “The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid,” C.K. Prahalad describes the profits that can be earned by selling products to “Bottom of the Pyramid” customers. While there is truth to this, companies face unique challenges when operating in the rural regions of emerging markets where many of these customers live. For example, the consumer population is dispersed over a wide geographic area, transportation infrastructure is often poorly developed, and many consumers have sporadic and extremely low incomes. This paper examines these challenges from a marketing channel perspective. The fundamental question is: How can companies entering into rural emerging markets design a marketing channel strategy that meets the needs of customers and allows for the long-term profitable success of the business? I begin answering this question by examining common challenges that companies operating in this environment face. Each challenge is accompanied by examples of companies that have solved the problem in a unique way. Then, I develop a generalized framework for designing marketing channels in rural emerging markets. Finally, I apply the framework to d.light Design, a company that manufactures and sells solar lanterns in India and Africa and that I worked at in the...
Words: 17572 - Pages: 71
