...everyone by locking up the people who commit crimes. Officers get benefits other jobs do not. Working in the law enforcement would be a great career path choice. It is and will be in the future a viable career. In the future Law Enforcement will be a viablecareer because “Employment of police officers and detectives is expected to increase about as fast as the average for all occupations through 2018. Many people are attracted to police work because it is challenging and offers an opportunity to serve their communities. Persons with college training in police science or who have military experience, or both, should have the best chances for a job.” Stated by the Bureau of Labor Statistic. (web) It is not that hard to become a police officer. Quoted by Bureau of Roberts 2 Labor Statistics. “Most police officers must be U.S. citizens. They must be healthy,...
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...ASSIGNMENT 4: Final paper Investigate a Social Issue By June 07th , 2014 SOC 100 Instructor: Professor NAZER In recent years, the relationship between crime and economy crises has been highly studied by economies and has sparked up interest among members of the general public, the media, policy makers, and criminal justice practitioners. Although there are many conflicting ideas on how the economy downturn affects crime rates, it is reasonable to study how crime rates have varied in the past and recent years. Taking a closer look at the current economy trend in the United States, both federal and state budgets have been affected as well as individuals. Many people have been laid off their jobs because the state cannot allocate money for them to be paid. Hence, many such people look for other means to raise money for survival including property theft and other related crimes. It is therefore convenient to say that more people are willing to commit crime in a declining economy so as to meet their daily needs, though it could be a difficult hypothesis to test. Bad economics leads to property theft and robberies as criminals steal items they cannot afford. Since 2008, there has been an increase recession in the United States as said by data from police records. However, the FBI in 2010 release records of a drop in violent crimes but not property theft and robberies. This can be seen on the media reports and even major adverts on the streets such as bus stops where a...
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...Jerome Marinho Nikki Khanna Soc 119 03/12/14 THE CURRENT CRISIS IN FERGUSON Racism is one of the biggest threats to the human society. It has led to various acts of violence, deaths and near extinction of certain communities if we go back to times of King Leopold ,may i even add pyramids with corpses of Congolese people. In recent times racism and discrimination have been used as an excuse to discredit people from getting jobs, leading to the arrests of innocent individuals amongst other things. Black people and Hispanics have always been subject to harassment by law enforcement officials due to prejudice based on the high levels of violence caused by people from these backgrounds.Prejudice is a positive or negative cultural attitude directed toward members of a group or social category. It joins beliefs and value judgments with positive or negative emotional predispositions. Prejudice is a thought of racial or other form of inequality, not to be mixed up with discrimination, which is the action, or practice, of inequality based on prejudice.However that doesn't justify the victimization of innocent individuals who have ended up dead or in jail due to this stereotypical view. Therefore there is a need to constantly educate people about how detrimental these stereotypes are to the community is very important. this paper intend to discuss the current crisis in Ferguson which stemmed from the killing of Michael Brown and...
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...Sampling Designs • 1. Simple random sampling (SRS) Steps: – (1) Assign a single number to each element in the sampling frame. – (2) Use random numbers to select elements into the sample until the desired number of cases is obtained. • The method is not very different from winning a lottery. 2. Systematic Sampling • Steps: – (1) Calculate the sampling interval as the ratio between population size and sample size, I = N/n. – (2) Arrange all elements in the population in an order. – (3) Select a case in the first interval randomly. – (4) Select every ith case from this point. 2. Systematic Sampling (continued) I I 1st element, randomly chosen I I I I – Systematic Sampling is easier and simpler than SRS – The text warns of a danger to this method. What is it? 3. Stratified Sampling • Stratified sampling is more complicated than SRS. The advantage is the guaranteed representativeness in some important characteristics. • For example, say that we want to select a sample of 100 individuals. Sex ratio in the sample is up to chance if we do SRS. We can guarantee the 50-50 split if we do stratified sampling: Stratified Sampling, Graphic Representation Population SRS SRS Sample • Stratified sampling is often used to reduce the variability of a sample. Oversampling, Graphic Representation Population SRS SRS Sample • Increasing the representation of a group in a sample. This is often done when groups are very different in size...
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...Vazaskia V. Crockrell-Caldwell Prof. Margaret Griesse T SOC 455: Sociology of Gender 8 December 2014 Domestic Violence in the Lives of Black Women in the U.S. This essay will explore the cause and impact of domestic violence in the lives of black women in the U.S. It will provide general information, such as the definition of domestic violence, statistics, and resources to help survivors leave domestic violence relationships. Following the review of the literature I identify areas which need further research. Since I can remember black women have been characterized as mean and argumentative, but also strong and self-sacrificing for their families. Black families on TV were always portrayed as single mother households. In my community there was also a reoccurring reality of domestic violence against women. This was is in direct contrast to stereotypes I heard about white women, who were portrayed as weak, frail and needing to be protected. Examples include June Cleaver on Leave it to Beaver and the Brady Bunch. But what justified the brutality of domestic violence against black women then and now? In 2011, black females were murdered at a rate more than two and a half times higher than white females: 2.61 per 100,000 versus 0.99 per 100,000. [1] In the U.S. domestic violence against black women has escalated. In 2010, Marissa Alexander an African American woman shot a warning shot at the wall in order to scare Rico Gray, her estranged, abusive...
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...that gun related violence is not a problem that requires attention. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, firearm homicides account for roughly 11,000 of the 16,000 homicides that occur the United States annually (2013). The subject of gun control has been a topic that has generated an enormous amount of controversy and attention. When one hears the term “gun violence”, vile acts against humanity, such as the shootings at Sandy Hook Elementary and Columbine High School, come to mind. More recently, the rise in extremist acts of terror has heightened the public’s concern over gun control. In the aftermath of multiple occasions, President Obama has publically called for stronger gun control laws, specifically calling for stricter background checks among other provisions. In response to the public’s concern for safety, the president used executive action which increased the number of businesses which require federal licenses to sell guns, thus increasing the number of dealers requiring background checks when selling firearms (National Conference of State Legislatures, 2016). This is, of course, not a one-sided argument. The subject creates strong feelings across the political spectrum. Gun rights groups, such as the NRA, suggest that gun control laws are not only unconstitutional, but actually leave citizens in more danger by preventing them from using their best form of protection (National Rifle Association, 2015). In 1994 Congress enacted the Brady Gun Control...
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...Nursing in 3D: Diversity, Disparities, and Social Determinants The Social Determinants of Health: It’s Time to Consider the Causes of the Causes Paula Braveman, MD, MPHa Laura Gottlieb, MD, MPHb ABSTRACT During the past two decades, the public health community’s attention has been drawn increasingly to the social determinants of health (SDH)—the factors apart from medical care that can be influenced by social policies and shape health in powerful ways. We use “medical care” rather than “health care” to refer to clinical services, to avoid potential confusion between “health” and “health care.” The World Health Organization’s Commission on the Social Determinants of Health has defined SDH as “the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age” and “the fundamental drivers of these conditions.” The term “social determinants” often evokes factors such as health-related features of neighborhoods (e.g., walkability, recreational areas, and accessibility of healthful foods), which can influence health-related behaviors. Evidence has accumulated, however, pointing to socioeconomic factors such as income, wealth, and education as the fundamental causes of a wide range of health outcomes. This article broadly reviews some of the knowledge accumulated to date that highlights the importance of social—and particularly socioeconomic— factors in shaping health, and plausible pathways and biological mechanisms that may explain their effects. We also discuss...
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...1. Advantages and Disadvantages of Public TransportNowadays, many kinds of public transport can be seen on the road, even though people drive their own car. It is usually on time and economical. Firstly, one of the advantages is that using public transport is very economical. Taking buses and trains is cheaper than using private cars. If people have their own car, they have to pay a lot of money for service, repairs, and insurance. It maybe will cost all the money people earn. Moreover, there are many discounts for some individuals, like students, old people, and children. They can get cheaper prices by taking public transport. Students have to go to school almost every day, and they usually take public transport to school and home. It is more economical for students. In addition, a further advantage is that using public transport can preserve the environment. It can reduce pollution, because there are less cars driving on the road, and there are fewer fumes and also less traffic jams. Furthermore, it can increase the spaces in the city, because there are less cars parking. Taking buses and trains is able to keep the environment green, However, one of the disadvantages is that using public transport is inconvenient. It can be crowded. For instance, there are always too many individuals on the same bus in rush hour. Maybe thieves are on the bus they take. The public transport does not operate 24 hours a day. People have to follow the time table, so they must wait for it. Furthermore...
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...CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL Caribbean Certificate of Secondary Level Competence® SOCIAL STUDIES SYLLABUS Effective for examinations from May–June 2014 CXC CCSLC/SS/05/12 Published in Jamaica, 2012 by Ian Randle Publishers 11 Cunningham Avenue P O Box 686 Kingston 6 www.ianrandlepublishers.com © 2012, Caribbean Examinations Council ISBN ---------------------------------------- (pbk) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the author or publisher. Cover and book design by Ian Randle Publishers Correspondence related to the syllabus should be addressed to: The Pro-Registrar Caribbean Examinations Council Caenwood Centre 37 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica Telephone Number: +1 (876) 630-5200 Facsimile Number: +1 (876) 967-4972 E-mail Address: cxcwzo@cxc.org Website: www.cxc.org Copyright © 2012 by Caribbean Examinations Council The Garrison, St Michael BB14038, Barbados CXC CCSLC/SS/05/12 This document CXC CCSLC/SS/05/12 replaces CXC CCSLC/SS/05/2006 issued in 2006. Please note that the syllabus has been revised and amendments are indicated by italics. First issued 2006 Revised 2012 Please check the website www.cxc.org for updates on CXC’s syllabuses. CXC CCSLC/SS/05/12 Contents INTRODUCTION .......................................................
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...The rise of the ‘new’ ‘dangerous’ and ‘violent’ female offender • The for and against argument • Assess all evidence • Decide which opinions, theories, models are preferable INTRODUCTOIN Research conducted for the national commission on the causes and prevention of violence, ward et al asked ‘are women more aggressive in committing violent crimes today than in the past? Women were viewed as gatekeepers of social morality and the common fear is that women are changing. Ward and his colleagues relied on to document the nature of women ‘violent offences. They have examined whether and how the characteristics and crimes of incarcerated female offenders have changed. This essay also seek to explain the patterns of stability and change over the last third of the 20th century in women’s crimes of violence and the moral panics that explain violent criminality by women. Although boys engage in more delinquent and criminal acts than do girls, female delinquency is on the rise. In 1980, boys were four times as likely as girls to be arrested; today they are only twice as likely to be arrested. In this article, Elizabeth Cauffman explores how the juvenile justice system is and should be responding to the adolescent female offender Reasons why there is less research on female criminality? Smart (1976) stated that throughout history female violence or crime have has been neglected` in criminology theories. The studies show that females were documented to commit less crime, which...
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...RACISM IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM By Nichole Griffith Advised by Professor Chris Bickel SOC 461, 462 Senior Project Social Sciences Department College of Liberal Arts CALIFORNIA POLYTECHNIC STATE UNIVERSITY June, 2012 © 2012 Nichole Griffith Table of Contents Research Proposal ............................................................................................................................1 Annotated Bibliography ...................................................................................................................2 Outline..............................................................................................................................................6 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................7 Research ..........................................................................................................................................8 Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................29 Bibliography .................................................................................................................................31 Research Proposal The goal of my research is to expose the racism in the criminal justice system that is so hidden. I want to show how racism contributes to the huge number...
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...Impacts of using day care facility on children due to maternal employment Methods of Business Research Submitted by Sumbal Syed MBA 14 14-1220 Research Title: Impacts of using day care facility on children due to maternal employment. Introduction In the past few years there has been an increase in trend for women to be pursuing a career, and hence, working mothers are bound to use daycare facilities to assist them in managing their children along with other responsibilities. These children therefore get a divided share of family/home atmosphere as being part of bringing up. As part of this research project, I shall study the impact of day care facility on the children of working mothers. Keywords: Maternal employment, Working mothers, impacts of external child care, daycare facility, child care, career oriented mothers, physiological health factors, personality development. Problem statement Our problem statement shall primarily be “The effect of using day care facility on child care due to maternal employment.” In simpler words, we shall study the impact of the use of day care facilities by working mothers and its effects upon the upbringing of children. Objectives There is a need to identify if this increasing trend is beneficial for the children in the long run or not. Thus, basic objective of the research shall be to conduct a study and conclude the following: 1. Identify their mental and physiological health factors affecting the children ...
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...The History of Domestic Violence Antoinette Perkins SOC 490 Dr. Stephen Ulrich November 11, 2012 Although, there are many social science problem or topics issues that take place on a regular basis throughout the world in our everyday society, I have chosen to discuss factors impacting domestic violence where women are mainly the victims. Even though there are many social problems in the world that we deal with, domestic violence should be taken more seriously especially with the consequences that could follow it. Although there are many different types of domestic violence that women suffer from, women should always take certain precautions and necessary action for a healthy and safe environment for themselves. With protecting themselves by receiving the proper help and it will help them to love themselves, feel safe, and help them to make better choices concerning their lives. There are a number of incidents that takes place each year on a daily basis referring to domestic violence including; women who are in college, different ethnics, different sizes, and so much more, which really means there is no particular woman that is chosen to become a victim. With domestic violence it is never a good situation for anyone to be in because of the outcome can be very serious and deadly for the victim. Even though there are many social problems in the world that we deal with, domestic violence should be taken more seriously especially...
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...ELDER ABUSE: IN NEED OF A MORE COMPREHENSIVE LEGAL FRAMEWORK ARTICLE IRISEL COLLAZO NAZARIO * Introduction ...............................................................................................................287 I. Defining Elder Abuse ........................................................................................ 289 A. Negligence ..................................................................................................... 290 B. Physical Abuse................................................................................................292 C. Emotional or Psychological Abuse.............................................................. 294 D. Financial Exploitation ...................................................................................295 II. Incidence and Prevalence ................................................................................. 296 III. Causes and Risk Factors .................................................................................. 298 IV. Dealing with the Problem of Elder Abuse ....................................................... 301 V. Mandatory Reporting ........................................................................................ 304 Conclusion and Final Recommendations ............................................................... 307 INTRODUCTION AS THE POPULATION SCHEME changes, the system faces new challenges. In 2000, the elders accounted for 16% of the total population in...
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...African Journal of Business Management Vol. 5(4), pp. 1266-1276, 18 February, 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJBM ISSN 1993-8233 ©2011 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Challenges and opportunities of Tanzanian SMEs in adapting supply chain management Sama Hamisi Procurement and Supplies Department, College of Business Education, Dodoma Campus, Dodoma, P. O. Box 2077, Tanzania. E-mail: samakicheche@yahoo.com. Tel: +255 755 292 850. Fax: +255 026 232 2121. Accepted 19 November, 2010 Around the globe, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have acquired a significant and pivotal position in the entire economic development process. Over the years, this sector had played a critical role in developing Tanzanian economy through creation of employment opportunities, income generation, equitable distribution of income whence contributing towards poverty alleviation. However, this sector suffers a number of challenges in domestic and global market competition, though, varieties of opportunities in adapting supply chain management exists. In today’s context of fast changing and dynamic economy and dominance of global supply chain systems, the SMEs in Tanzania, besides facing traditional hardships in finance, they misalliance the phenomenon of supply chain management thus fails to find proper place in the domestic and global supply chain leaving TNCs and MNCs to have a greater dominance. As Tanzania’s economic policy is about-turn...
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