...The Leadership Quarterly 14 (2003) 769 – 806 Leadership theory and practice: Fostering an effective symbiosis Stephen J. Zaccaro*, Zachary N.J. Horn Department of Psychology, Center for Behavioral and Cognitive Study, George Mason University, David J. King Hall, 4400 University Drive, 3064 Fairfax, VA 22030-444, USA Accepted 12 September 2003 Abstract Leadership theory has not lived up to its promise of helping practitioners resolve the challenges and problematics that occur in organizational leadership. Many current theories and models are not contextualized, nor do the dynamic and critical issues facing leaders drive their construction. Alternatively, practitioners too often approach leadership problems using trial and error tactics derived more from anecdotes and popular fads than validated scientific data and models. Yet, while this gap between theory and research has bedeviled the leadership community for much of its history, there have been few if any systematic examinations of its causes. In this review, we have sought to highlight the particular barriers on the leadership practice and theory-building/testing constituencies, respectively, that constrain efforts to integrate them. We also offer a number of propositions and guidelines that we hope can break through these barriers and help stakeholders create a more effective leadership theory and practice symbiosis (LTPS). Finally, we have offered two cases of effective LTPS as examples and models for such integrative...
Words: 18906 - Pages: 76
...Introduction Leadership management and NLP Mastering self-awareness, and in order to become an extraordinary communicator, the leaders create the attributes of great self-awareness, resourcefulness, flexibility in behaviour and effectiveness, which all together develop their innate resilience. All this is necessary to establish a clear thinking, focused mind, personal grooming, and behavioural psychology and NLP can be applied here. According to Tosey (2008) neurolinguistic programing means a systematic linkage between an individual’s mental internal experience (also referred as ‘neuro’), language (‘linguistic’) and the patterns of behaviour (‘programming’). According to Walker (2004), this can further be distributed into three components, including: • Neuro: based on the neurology of feeling and thinking • Linguistic: usage of language to persuade or influence others and ourselves • Programming: guidelines on how to achieve the set goals Self-awareness on the other hand is the ability to know, understand and assess our own self, specifically the flow of our feelings, implicit weaknesses, latent talent which is not yet groomed by us and the areas of our life, which require attention and change. We also need to evaluate if we are guided by our moral values, or some kind of conditioning has been shaping us. Likewise, we also need to examine if our thoughts and actions are in compliance with the principles and beliefs we possess in mind. The ability to self-awareness is one...
Words: 2354 - Pages: 10
...The Social Change Model and Servant Leadership Theory: Comparisons and Contrasts Introduction Leadership is essential for all successful organizations. However, the form of leadership that is practiced by various leaders is vital in determining how the activities of the organization are managed. There are many different forms of leadership practiced in differing environments. Servant leadership and social change models are some of the most common leadership theories used in pursuit of organizational success. This paper will describe in detail the servant leadership and social change models and contrast their methods of leadership. Also I will seek to explain how they could be applied in the leadership role of any given organization. Servant leadership Robert K. Greenleaf introduced the concept of Servant Leadership in his book “Servant Leadership: A Journey into the Nature of Legitimate Power and Greatness”. In the description of servant leadership, Greenleaf describes servant leadership as: a natural feeling where the leader feels that they should serve the people first (Greenleaf, 2002) . Greenleaf describes a servant leader as a leader who puts the needs of his or her people first before other personal needs associated with the role. A servant leader will strive to ensure that they prioritize other people’s needs first and ensure that their welfare is paramount. According to Greenleaf, The difference manifests itself in the care taken by the servant-first to make...
Words: 3582 - Pages: 15
...The role of moral leadership for sustainable consumption and production some theoretical and normative explorations Onno M. Vinkhuyzen1,2 and Sylvia I. Karlsson-Vinkhuyzen1,3 1 International Environment Forum, Geneva, Switzerland 2 European Bahá’í Business Forum, Tamboer 167, 6866EH Heelsum, the Netherlands, onno@ebbf.org, +31647326786 3 Public Administration and Policy Group, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, 6706KN Wagenigen, the Netherlands, and Turku University, 20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland, sylvia.karlsson-vinkhuyzen@wur.nl, +31858770774 Abstract: In this paper we argue that an adequate understanding of sustainable consumption and production (SCP) involves a mature consciousness of the interdependence between ourselves and the rest of our human family and its habitat. The principles, the actions and the vision that form the basis for SCP are not unknown, but there is a considerable gap between knowledge and action and behavioural incentives are not sufficient for system change. In the conversations between the authors of this paper, a practitioner and an academic, on the reasons for this knowledge-action gap there emerged a common recognition of the potentially significant role of values and particularly values-based leadership in the processes and partnerships that work for sustainability transitions in SCP. Our starting point is that values, what we humans consider to be good, are formed by a range of factors (cultural, political, social, religious) and are...
Words: 5467 - Pages: 22
...Running Head: Self Leadership (Name) (Course) (Professor) (University) (Date) Literature review The meaning and importance of self leadership has become apparent in the past two decades and this is attributable to several diverse changes that are taking place in the world today. Changes such as need for organizational suppleness, innovativeness and learning skills have resulted to organizations in various industries competing to achieve the most effective management of resources to empower their operations. Management training has gained focus on self leadership as there is need for companies to acquire human resource who are able to cope to the dynamic business environment (Sydanmaanlakka, 2002). This calls for the need to change management from the old conventional style to a shared leadership system. Shared leadership requires the transition from the command and control to employee involvement in decision making process (Pearce, 2007). In order to effect shared leadership, there is need to encourage self leadership which basically entails self direction and self motivation. One cannot influence others if he or she is not in a position to influence oneself. Self leadership in organizations is fostered through the involvement of employees in decision making processes as well as fostering their self leadership skills which will then trigger shared leadership responsibility as (Stewart, et al, 1999) puts it. According to (DiLeillo&...
Words: 1923 - Pages: 8
...(Byham, Smith & Paese 2002). The purpose of this paper is to create my own personal development plan based on the Central Michigan University (CMU) leadership competency model, leadership theories and personality tests. This will serve as a framework to allow me to identify my own weaknesses and strengths, and develop my leadership capacity, allowing myself to be able to achieve the vision I set for myself and the current business environment. The vision I had for myself is to enter the Marketing Industry, focusing on business development, and ultimately becoming an entrepreneur. Business development has been said to be a synthesis of strategic analysis, marketing and sales (The Editor, 2012). The competencies required are ‘strong research skills’, to evaluate the business environment, ‘people and communication skills’, to build partnership and rapport with other organization and with a ‘deal closing instinct’, to ensure closing of sales (The Editor, 2012). This leadership development plan will be helping me in preparing to be a future business development director or an entrepreneur at the end of my career. Lastly, I would seek a Major of the Singapore Armed Forces, who has seen me in a leadership role, to provide feedback on my personal leadership development plan. Central Michigan University Leadership Competency Model The Central Michigan University leadership competency model has identified leaders with several competencies such as skills, behaviors, abilities...
Words: 2847 - Pages: 12
...Journal of Leadership Education Volume 11, Issue 1 – Winter 2012 Emotionally Intelligent Leadership: An Integrative, Process-Oriented Theory of Student Leadership Scott J. Allen, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Management Department of Management, Marketing and Logistics John Carroll University University Heights, OH sallen@jcu.edu Marcy Levy Shankman, Ph.D. Principal MLS Consulting, LLC Shaker Heights, OH shankman@mlsconsulting.net Rosanna F. Miguel, Ph.D. Visiting Assistant Professor of Management Department of Management, Marketing and Logistics John Carroll University University Heights, OH rmiguel@jcu.edu Abstract Emotionally intelligent leadership (EIL) theory combines relevant models, theories, and research in the areas of emotional intelligence (EI) and leadership. With an intentional focus on context, self and others, emotionally intelligent leaders facilitate the attainment of desired outcomes. The 21 capacities described by the theory equip individuals with the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics to achieve desired results. The purpose of this article is to propose an integrative, process-oriented EIL theory to provide a framework for conceptualizing and integrating future research and practice. The authors review and organize research and theory in emotional intelligence and leadership within the context of higher education, introduce the EIL model, and provide suggestions for future research. The article concludes with practical implications...
Words: 8602 - Pages: 35
...HRD – GROUP ASSIGNMENT “Organizational Performance & Organizational Development are Two sides of the same Coin” Submitted to: Mr. Muhammad Ather Submitted by: Ahmed Fazeel Ghumman Muhammad Omer Sher Rana Asif Sardar Muhammad Salim Qaz INTRODUCTION Charles Perrow in his article “ The Short and Glorious History of Organizational Theory ” talks about forces of light and darkness. The forces of darkness have been represented by the “Mechanical school of organizational theory” with characteristics like Centralized authority, Clear lines of authority, Specialization and expertise, Marked division of labor, Rules and regulations, Clear separation of staff and line. And forces of light represented as “Human relations school”. and enumerates their characteristics as: Delegation of authority, Employee autonomy, Trust and openness, Concerns with the whole person and Interpersonal dynamics. Now this describes the difference between the organizational perspective of 20th century and 21st century, Forces of darkness represents the “Organization as Rationale Systems” and Forces of Light represents “Organizations as Open systems”. These two concepts of organizational...
Words: 3084 - Pages: 13
...critically examines leadership style and change management strategy in relation to a particular change in clinical practice. The change made in practice was a move from open access at well baby clinic to an appointment system. The effectiveness of the leader will be demonstrated by focusing on the change process, applying leadership theory to the change and its implementation in practice. This essay also identifies implications for practice and developmental needs for the author, the team and the sphere of practice. It begins by outlining policy drivers relating to leadership within the NHS generally and health visiting specifically. It is interesting to note that despite the vast literature on leadership there is very little agreement amongst scholars on the definition of the term (Willcocks 2012; Alimo-Metcalfe and Lawler 2001). Contemporary government policies such as the Health Visitor Implementation plan (GBDH 2011) focus on the desirability of strong leadership to improve the quality of care but are equally vague on defining leadership (Willcocks 2012; Martin and Learmonth 2012). Some authors have found that the term “leader” has merely superseded the terms “administrator” and “manager” within the confines of the NHS (Martin and Learmonth 2012; Sheridan, Rastan and Foulkes 2008; Hodgetts 2012) as it confers an image of “heroism” and, as yet, carries none of the negative connotations associated with administration or management. It has been suggested that leadership may be seen...
Words: 5692 - Pages: 23
...OB Seminar 12: Managing Change & Stress • • • • Team Discussion on Case Study Team Presentation Reflection & Experiential Exercise Lesson 12 (Chapter 18) 1 Case study on Lynn Tilton’s leadership (p. 389) 1. Use Table 16-2 to evaluate the extent to which Lynn Tilton displayed the characteristics associated with being a good leader and good manager. 2 Case study on Lynn Tilton’s leadership (p. 389) 2. Which different positive and negative leadership traits and styles were displayed by Tilton? Cite examples. 3 Case study on Lynn Tilton’s leadership (p. 389) 3. To what extent does Tilton display situational approaches toward leadership? Explain. 4 Case study on Lynn Tilton’s leadership (p. 389) 4. Which of the four types of transformational leadership behavior were displayed by Tilton? Provide examples. 5 Case study on Lynn Tilton’s leadership (p. 389) 5. Would you like to work for Lynn Tilton? Explain why or why not. 6 Case study on Lynn Tilton’s leadership (p. 389) 6. What did you learn about leadership from this case? 7 Ch. 18 Learning Objectives 1. Discuss the external and internal forces that create the need for organizational change. 2. Describe Lewin’s change model and the systems model of change. 3. Discuss Kotter’s eight steps for leading organizational change. 4. Define organizational development and explain the OD process. 5. Explain the dynamic model of resistance to change. 18-8 Ch. 18 Learning Objectives ...
Words: 2118 - Pages: 9
...Change Agent Abilities Required to Help Create a Sustainable Future © ACPA – College Student Educators International (http://www.myacpa.org/) in collaboration with the U.S. Partnership for Education for Sustainable Development (www.uspartnership.org ) May be reproduced for educational purposes with credit given In order to be a successful sustainability change agent, an individual must have the following: 1. Knowledge of the environmental, economic, and social issues related to sustainability (understanding); 2. A value system and self-concept to support and under gird the actions of a change agent (motivation); and 3. Change agent abilities (skills). Change Agent Abilities: The following is a listing of change agent abilities compiled from numerous sources. For ease of use, these sources have all been acknowledged at the end of this document. Change agents are: • Resilient • Optimistic • Tenacious • Committed • Passionate • Patient • Emotionally intelligent • Assertive • Persuasive • Empathetic • Authentic • Ethical • Self-Aware • Competent • Curious They can: • Communicate ideas clearly, concisely, and precisely both orally and in writing • Listen to others and incorporate their ideas and perspectives • Accommodate individual differences (cultural, socioeconomic, global, etc.) in your decisions and actions and be able to negotiate across these differences...
Words: 885 - Pages: 4
...CPA Program—professional level Global Strategy and Leadership Segment map and concepts Semester 1 2013 Authors: Delyth Samuel Published by Deakin University on behalf of CPA Australia Ltd, ABN 64 008 392 452 © CPA Australia Ltd February 2013 The contents are for general information only. They are not intended as professional advice, for that you should consult a suitable qualified professional. CPA Australia Ltd expressly disclaims all liability for any loss or damage arising from reliance upon any information in these papers. Contents Segment map Segment map 4 5 Segment concepts Module 1: An introduction to strategy and leadership Module 2: Understanding the external environment Module 3: Understanding the internal environment Module 4: Product and market development Module 5: Making strategic choices Module 6: Leading and implementing strategy 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 Segment map SEGMENT MAP AND CONCEPTS Segment map The following diagram shows how the study materials in Global Strategy and Leadership fit together in an overall concept map, with strategy and leadership concepts applying throughout. Strategy is an iterative process and this is reflected by the double-headed arrows. Module 1: An introduction to strategy and leadership Module 2: Understanding the external environment Defining the industry for analysis Past and future growth and profitability What’s needed to be successful Module 3: Understanding the internal environment...
Words: 2341 - Pages: 10
...Organizational leadership 3 marks 1) What do you mean by “charisma”? Ans: Charisma is a trait found in individuals whose personalities are characterized by powerful charm and magnetism (attractiveness) and superior capabilities of interpersonal communication and persuasion. According to Weber, charisma is a pure form of authority based on the gift of divine grace. The term charisma is applied to a certain quality of an individual personality by virtue of which he is considered extraordinary and treated as endowed with supernatural, superhuman, or at least specifically exceptional powers or qualities. 2) Who is a charismatic leadership? Ans: Charismatic leadership is a leadership based on the leader’s ability to communicate and behave in ways that reach followers on a basic, emotional way, to inspire and motivate. 3) Define the term “transactional leadership”. Ans: A transactional leader is one who guides and motivates his follows in the direction of establish goals by clarifying role and task requirements. It involves exchange relationship between leader and the followers. It is a perception for mediocrity and that transformational leadership leads to superior performance in organization facing demands for renewal and change. 4) Differentiate between transformational and transactional leadership. Ans: ...
Words: 4081 - Pages: 17
...DEVELOPMENTAL LEADERSHIP PROGRAM Research Paper 11 An analysis of Leadership Development Programmes working in the context of development Heather Lyne de Ver & Fraser Kennedy February 2011 www.dlprog.org DLP Policy and Practice for Developmental Leaders, Elites and Coalitions DEVELOPMENTAL LEADERSHIP PROGRAM The Developmental Leadership Program (DLP) is an international policy initiative informed by targeted research and directed by an independent steering committee. DLP is supported by a global network of partners and currently receives its core funding from the Australian aid program. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the Australian Government or any of DLP’s other partner organisations. i Contents Page Acronyms ii Abstract iii Executive Summary iv Introduction 01 1.0 An Overview of the Programmes Reviewed 03 2.0 An Overview of the Criteria for Selecting Leadership Development Programmes 05 2.1 Does the programme articulate its understanding of leadership? 05 2.2 Does the programme have a theory of change? 11 2.3 Who is the programme aimed at? 13 2.4 What are the programme’s methods and content? 21 2.5 Impact assessment and evaluations 32 3.0 Our Opinion 38 3.1. The Developmental Leadership Program’s View of Leadership ...
Words: 29765 - Pages: 120
...or contradictory. How can management integrate them to boost the "triple bottom line?" This study identifies the leadership challenges through a literature analysis and emphasizes that measurement tools often miss the point: the pursuit of an organization's particular brand of success is a journey, not a destination. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Introduction "Sustainability" has come to have many different meanings. It's the latest buzzword among business, government, and nonprofit entities. Business leaders must be wondering if it's just the latest management fad of a concept that will fundamentally change how businesses are managed and measured. This paper is based on the notion that sustainability is more than a fad, but rather is creating a permanent shift in the very nature of business. Since the advent of the paradigm of sustainable development in the 1980s, the private sector has been shifting from a narrow economic conception of responsibility toward a comprehensive approach that attempts to balance economic objectives with environmental pressures and changing societal expectations (Robinson, 2000). The Brundtland Commission (World Commission on Environment and Development, United Nations, 1987) is generally credited with introducing "sustainability" in their report, Our Common Future. The report states that "Humanity has the ability to make development sustainable--to ensure that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future...
Words: 4015 - Pages: 17
