...which communication occurs primarily online or, at a distance. Even if you are enrolled in a course that meets weekly, conflicting schedules can make it difficult to arrange outside meetings with your group members. However, with proper planning and clear communications, teams can work effectively and efficiently with little or no face-to-face contact. Achieving good outcomes requires that individuals with different strengths, weaknesses, and perspectives come together to arrive at consensus. Several tools have been created to help your group get started, get organized, and stay on task. With these tools and tips, you will find that working as a team of educated professionals is not only more efficient but more rewarding as well. This professional collaboration is after all, the nature of nursing. Nurses work with others to help others. Working in teams produces the best outcome for patients and the nursing profession. The first step in working effectively as a team is to arrive at consensus. Before the real work begins, the entire group must agree on fundamental aspects of the work to be done. Together, the group must decide: What the outcome or final product should look like? What the objective is and what method should be used to achieve it? Who should be responsible for doing what tasks, given their experience and talents? What approach should be used when attempting to solve a problem or conflict within the group? Collectively, this process is called “group think...
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...Re-organization and Layoff: Issue and Problem Identification PHL/320 Re-organization and Layoff: Issue and Problem Identification In Week Two, Team D discussed the article Mismanaged layoffs can go ‘horribly wrong’ (Bouw, 2013.) The initially chosen focus of the group discussion was the potential ramifications of poorly handling the conversation terminating the employee. Reflecting on the article through further group discussion, and realizing the scope of the team’s initial impression is limiting the problem to a small component of the larger issue, Team D asserts the broader issue is that employers often turn to downsizing as the go-to method of cutting costs. Experts in the Bouw article provide evidence that knee-jerk layoffs to appease shareholder are often a mistake and cite why. Through the collaborative process of discussion, the team benefits from gaining confidence in the decision to change the focus of issue exploration from miscommunicating when firing to the drawbacks of layoffs. By clearly defining the problem that was not immediately apparent, Team D can now concentrate on discussing practical solutions for the broader underlying issue of unnecessary downsizing. Problem Identification The first step to successfully tackling any problem is identifying it. According to Dr. Henry Hornstein, downsizing within a company should be the last resort if cost cutting is necessary (Bouw, 2013.) He hypothesizes that it is approximately a 50 percent chance...
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...Groupthink is the concept of having many people go along in agreement with a decision essentially because, either someone of authority has spoken and others are afraid to contradict their idea, or because in the silence of a discussion, each individual believes that others agree with the “apparent” consensus and don’t want to demolish the group cohesiveness . For example, have you ever thought about raising an issue or question in a group meeting, but then abstained because you didn’t want to destroy the consensus view the team had spent considerable time forming, or because you didn’t want to appear to be the only unsupportive member of the team? Conversely, have you ever been a manager who has had to force a team through change when clearly the team was hesitant and not expressing their true opinions? or have you ever been in a situation where you have a team school project and all of you just agree with a certain suggestion because you just want the meeting to be done as soon as possible? The answer to these questions is groupthink. Along with this, the only thing that can help managers combat the groupthink effects is staying aware of the number of key indicators, or symptoms that this mentality presents. The four main symptoms of groupthink are: illusion of invulnerability, self censorship, direct pressure and an illusion of unanimity. One of the most dangerous symptoms of groupthink is the illusion of invulnerability, in which the entire group believes to have...
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...need to work even harder to attract, develop and to retain the best candidates to serve as the next generation of leaders. In the history of various cultures, women have always excelled than men. According to the list of Fortune 1000 list of companies publishes by Fortune Magazine, women hold 4.6 percent of Fortune 1000 list of CEO position. Despite of being minority in managerial world, women make a better manager because they are highly motivated, easy to communicate, have the power to convince people and have a capability called emotional intelligence (EQ). Women have different driven factor which can boost their desire that makes them highly motivated than men. The survey conducted in October 2004 by Research Institute of Labour and Social Affairs found that men place their motivation factor on ‘instrumental values’ such as basic salary and bonuses. On the other hand, women are motivated as they do...
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...Look at Items A to C. How are social control and social order maintained in the face of social inequality from, a) A conflict perspective: The conflict perspective emphasizes the role of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, it sees the role of the bourgeoisie to gain as much profit as they can from the proletariat, even though this is seen as incredibly unfair in the conflict perspective, it shows us that many of the people just accept the situation that they are in because they do not believe that they can ‘fight the system’ on how it is run. The bourgeoisie in Item B is seen to run by authority and dominance which can also be seen in !tem A with the image that is presented as the proletariat holding up every other social class that they can, but still get ‘back benched’ wages on what they earn over a lifetime in comparison. This perspective is derived from Karl Marx who believes that social inequality holds up capitalism with unfair and unjust roles in society that the people cannot go against. This can be seen from a quote in Item B which says ‘Its wealth comes in the form of capital produced by its exploitation of the subject class’ This really does show how the proletariat are controlled through social control, it’s because they are hired and paid minimum wages from those higher classes than them, but it’s the only work that they can get as they are made to be kept in that lower class. Social control exists because the people who own the majority of the wealth and political...
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...Failures Paper Charles Persinger University of Phoenix POS/355 Jeff Rugg April 28, 2014 Simply put, distributed computing is allowing computers to work together in groups to solve a single problem too large for any one of them to perform on its own. Distributed computing is not a simple matter of just sticking the computers together. For a distributed computation to work effectively, those systems must cooperate, and must do so without lots of manual intervention by people. This is usually done by splitting problems into smaller pieces, each of which can be tackled more simply than the whole problem. The results of doing each piece are then reassembled into the full solution. As handy as a distributed system can be there are a there are four main issues you could face: Operating system failures, Hardware Failures, Omission Failures and Byzantine Failures. Crash failures are caused across the server of a typical distributed system and if these failures are occurred operations of the server are halt for some time. Operating system failures are the best examples for this case and the corresponding fault tolerant systems are developed with respect to these affects. Hardware failures used to be more common, but with all of the recent innovations in hardware design and manufacturing they tend to be fewer and far between with most of these physical failures tending to be network or drive related. With more hardware the probability goes up that there will...
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...ALL AREAS OF ORG, INNOVATION ▪ VIRTUAL T. – IT AS AN ENABLING PROCESS, DEALING WITH COMPLEX ENVIRON’T, DIVERSITY & BROADER RANGE OF TALENT, EFFICIENT ▪ SELF-MANAGED T. – REPORT TO HIGHER MGT, NOT MID/LOW LEVELS, PARTICIPATION, EMPOWERMT, INTERNAL SUPERVISION, FAST & PROCESS COMPLETE, BEST PRACTICES BC INTERNAL CONTROL & DIRECTION, HIGHLY MOTIVATING, CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING, UNLIMTED CAPACITY ▪ COMMITTEE – SPECIAL/LIMITED TASK, ONGOING BASIS, NARROW AGENDA, DEALS WITH ISSUES, PROBLEM SOLVING CAPACITY ▪ PROJECT/ TASK FORCE – DIVERSE SKILLS OF MEMBERS, SPECIFIC PURPOSE, MEM’s HAVE EXPERTISE ACROSS RANGE OF AREAS & ABILITIES PART 2: CHALLENGES OF TEAM MANAGERS ▪ DECISION MAKING PROCESS ▪ GROUP THINK ▪ SOCIAL LOAFING ▪ UNEVEN PARTICIPATION ▪ LACK OF COMMITMENT ▪ LACK OF INVOLVEMENT ▪ LACK OF PURPOSE ▪ LACK OF SENSE OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR OWN TASKS OR TEAMS SUCCESS ▪ AGGRESSION ▪ INTERNAL COMPETITION ▪ WITHDRAWAL PART 3: SOLUTIONS TO ABOVE ▪ CLARIFY GOALS & PROVIDE DIRECTION ▪ CLARIFY DESIRED LEVEL OF ACCOMPLISHMENT ▪ DECREASE GROUP NUMBER ▪ SELECT STRONG & COMMITTED T. LEADER ▪ CREATE FUN ATMOSPHERE ▪ PROVIDE SUPPORT ▪ MOTIVATION VIA – REWARDS, ACKNOWLEDGEMENT, TELLING SENIOR MGT OF T’s SUCCESS, PRAISE, REGULAR FEEDBACK, ▪ TEACH DECISION MAKING – NOMINAL GROUP TECHNIQUE ▪ IDENTIFY GROUP ROLES ▪ EMPAHSISE GROUP ACCOMPLISHMENTS ▪ TEACH CONFLICT RESOLUTION...
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...Term paper Management by Consensus: A rationale by technique. Submitted By: HasanuzzamanRahib ID: 3-09-17-031 EMBA Program, Summer- 2012 Course title: Advanced Management Department of Management Studies University of Dhaka Dhaka, Bangladesh 2012. Introduction: The working worlds of our businesses and organizations are becoming increasingly more complex. One of the immediate consequences is the acceleration of change processes. Sensible error tolerance, on the one hand, as well as quick and constructive problem solving procedures on the other will thus be indispensable for forward looking management. The old-fashioned autocratic manager who ruled with an iron hand and controlled everything from the top has pretty much vanished from the management scene. There is no doubt that today's enterprises operate far more humanely than did their old school predecessors, at least on the surface. Consensus management is gaining ever more recognition in business as a success factor in dealing with conflicts and creating personal responsibility. Here the selective application of external moderation, individual and group discussions enhances the dialogue, cooperation and structuring capacities of the conflicting partners. The direct recourse to moderated methods makes for surprisingly quick and long term stable agreements and transfer. Consensus Management: Consensus management means that when a decision is reached by the group, there is total commitment to it by all...
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...Bibliography: Adedeji, A. (1999). "Structural adjustment policies in Africa." International Social Science Journal 51(162): 521-528. Broad, R. and J. Cavanagh (1999). "The death of the Washington consensus?" World Policy Journal 16(3): 79-88. Cleary, S. (1989). "Structural Adjustment in Africa." Trocaire Development Review 1989: 41-59. Dollar, D. and A. Kraay (2001). Trade, growth, and poverty, World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth. Escobar, A. (1992). "Culture, economics, and politics in Latin American social movements theory and research." The making of social movements in Latin America: Identity, strategy, and democracy: 65-82. Fine, B. (2002). "Economics imperialism and the new development economics as Kuhnian paradigm shift?" World Development 30(12): 2057-2070. Godard, P.-P. K. and J. H. Williamson (2003). After the Washington Consensus: restarting growth and reform in Latin America, Peterson Institute. Gore, C. (2000). "The rise and fall of the Washington Consensus as a paradigm for developing countries." World Development 28(5): 789-804. Hamilton, C. (1989). "The irrelevance of economic liberalization in the Third World." World Development 17(10): 1523-1530. Harriss, J., et al. (2003). The new institutional economics and Third World development, Routledge. Helleiner, G. K. (1992). "The IMF, the World Bank and Africa's adjustment and external debt problems: An unofficial view." World Development 20(6):...
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...in 1940-1960 after which there has been a shift from physical to human capital in 1970. But what is more important is the period since 1980 when the heyday of developmental economics brought shift to market liberalism, structural adjustment, institutional economics and the shift towards Washing Consensus. In the years of transition from command economies to market economies in 1990’s in many countries it was a tendency to implement policies supported by the framework of Washington Consensus and starting this millennium what has mostly been happening is the reaction to failures of Washington Consensus and ongoing experimentations that are targeted to find some answers to the everlasting problem of how to reduce poverty and enhance economic growth. Many of these one-fits-all policy prescriptions failed to prove their efficiency or that they are working at all and, moreover, it is not uncommon that they were even the causes of many financial crises or economics slowdowns in different counties. So in my work I want to face the theoretical analysis and empirical observations to shed the light on the importance, efficiency as well as the limitations of the phenomenon of Washington Consensus, which was called to be a triumph of the transition to...
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...EPA /EA Semester 2 Sample poster Note: This is not meant to be an example of the perfect poster. But, you will see that it draws out a number of economic concepts, and shows their relevance to this particular story. This poster demonstrates an understanding of course material and avoids frivolous discussion of noneconomic issues. Furthermore, this poster discusses a relevant news article from a reputable source. NB: Economic Welfare is not a topic you can select – this sample project is meant to illustrate what sort of analysis is expected. Topic Selected: Economic Welfare Fuelling Controversy The Economist 11 January 2014 Overview of Article Many governments subsidise fuel consumption. However, many countries that currently subsidise fuel are starting to reverse course. In June 2013, Indonesia increased fuel prices by 44% and decreased their total subsidy cost by $20 billion annually. Malaysia also reduced fuel subsidies – household energy bills increased by 15% as a result. Egypt and India are considering following suit. The key rationale to these governments of removing subsidies was to decrease the budget deficit. Effects of Fuel Subsidy According to Article The article discusses that there are many other benefits to reducing fuel subsidies. o Fuel subsidies generate deadweight loss. o Fuel subsidies make inequality worse – it is mostly the rich that benefit (the rich use fuel disproportionately more). o Removal of fuel subsidies will allow...
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...Tina Bai Knowledge, Reality, Self Professor Georg Theiner 10/1/12 The Implication of Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave” In The Republic, Plato reveals the overwhelming ignorance of humanity through the allegory of the cave. Plato summarizes his viewpoint of society as a whole through this allegory, portraying the human race as imprisoned in the chains of oblivion, unaware of its own inhibited perspective. A more contemporary philosopher, Umberto Eco, also criticized the state of society in a similar fashion in Travels in Hyperrreality; describing the overwhelming trend of “horror vacui.” The allegory of the cave reveals the importance of education in the journey towards enlightenment-only through instruction can individuals recall the inherent knowledge of the Forms. The significance of the allegory is rooted in Plato’s belief that there exist inherent truths hidden under the superficial surface of society that only enlightened individuals can uncover through education. Plato’s allegory of the cave follows as thus: A cluster of prisoners, having been enclosed in a cave since birth, has never laid eyes on any kind of daylight. Furthermore, these individuals are prevented from turning their heads to look to either side by their bonds, and can consequently only envision what lies straight ahead. Lying posterior to the shackled prisoners is a fire which is subsequently anterior to a wall. A collection of statues sojourn on the top of the wall and are manipulated by a separate...
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...Stages of Team Development By: Kelly Graves “The Corporate Therapist™” Look through this model with your leadership and management teams to locate where you think you are in your organizations’ stage of development. Next, use it to help you improve your leadership and management effectiveness. Forming The initial forming stage is the process of putting the structure of the team together. Team members enter with ambiguous feelings and attitudes. Conflict is avoided at all costs because of the need to be accepted into the group. Team members reflect not only on the tasks at hand, but also about each other. Feelings and Thoughts Observable Behaviors Team Needs Leadership Style Required Excitement, anticipation, and optimism Suspicion, fear, and anxiety about the job ahead Tentative attachment to team Why am I here? Why are they here? What is expected of me? How much influence will I have? How much am I willing to give? Politeness Guarded; Sporadic participation Attempts to define tasks and decisions on how it will be accomplished Attempts to establish acceptable group behavior Abstract discussions of concepts and issues Discussion of symptoms and problems not relevant to the task; difficulty in identifying relevant problems Complaints about the organization Decisions on what information needs to be gathered Impatience with discussion Team mission and purpose Team membership Team goals and objectives Measurement and feedback Definition of roles and responsibilities...
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...A bridge named consensus Team Dynamics Week 3-05-13 How do most people start their day? Maybe they have a cup of coffee first. Perhaps, they walk the dog and then re turn home to watch the news. Well it’s definitely how I start my day and like clock work a story of a nation in gridlock is broadcasted. Whether, it’s about the nations growing debt, gun control, or climate change, it is clear we are split down the middle on how to handle it all. You wonder if anyone has ever heard of the word “consensus”. Of course the leaders of our nation have, yet most if us are not sure how it works and most importantly, how it’s built. Consensus building is all about collaborating to resolve conflicts. It’s a healthier alternative to problem solving, because it involves all parties and its members to devise plans amicably. Examples of consensus building efforts include the international negotiations over limiting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) to protect the ozone layer, or negotiations about limiting the emission of greenhouse gasses (University of Colorado, 1998). Once all members of the consensus team shared their ideas the step by step procedure can take place to resolve the matter at hand. Consensus building is not simple, but if it’s coordinated properly consensus decision making can solve dire issues that could change the world. First, consensus building is carried out by a mediator or a facilitator. The mediator or facilitator is usually someone who is part of the...
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...A bridge named consensus Erica Davis Team Dynamics Week 3-05-13 How do most people start their day? Maybe they have a cup of coffee first. Perhaps, they walk the dog and then re turn home to watch the news. Well it’s definitely how I start my day and like clock work a story of a nation in gridlock is broadcasted. Whether, it’s about the nations growing debt, gun control, or climate change, it is clear we are split down the middle on how to handle it all. You wonder if anyone has ever heard of the word “consensus”. Of course the leaders of our nation have, yet most if us are not sure how it works and most importantly, how it’s built. Consensus building is all about collaborating to resolve conflicts. It’s a healthier alternative to problem solving, because it involves all parties and its members to devise plans amicably. Examples of consensus building efforts include the international negotiations over limiting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) to protect the ozone layer, or negotiations about limiting the emission of greenhouse gasses (University of Colorado, 1998). Once all members of the consensus team shared their ideas the step by step procedure can take place to resolve the matter at hand. Consensus building is not simple, but if it’s coordinated properly consensus decision making can solve dire issues that could change the world. First, consensus building is carried out by a mediator or a facilitator. The mediator or facilitator is usually someone who is...
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