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Social Crm

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TIM SwISS IT MagazIne SpecIal

Social CRM – vom Hype zum Standard
TechnologIe
Social CRM ist die Erweiterung von klassischem CRM um Social Media. Dadurch wird die Kommunikation zwischen Unternehmen und Kunden auf eine neue Stufe gehoben. vo n m a r K C i E l i E B a K

Der auTor
Dr. Mark Cieliebak hat an der Universität Dortmund Informatik studiert und anschliessend an der ETH Zürich in Bioinformatik promoviert. Danach hat er mehrere Jahre als Java-Entwickler und Architektur-Berater gearbeitet. Seit 2008 ist er Leiter der IT-Abteilung bei der Netbreeze GmbH und ist dort verantwortlich für die Entwicklung des Social-Media-Monitoring-Systems.

E

igentlich war Customer Relationship Management (CRM) ja schon immer sozial: Es geht um die Beziehung zwischen Unternehmen und Kunden. Was ist also neu an «Social CRM»? Rein technisch beschreibt der Begriff die Erweiterung von CRM um Social-Media-Kanäle wie Facebook und Twitter. Social CRM beschränkt sich aber nicht darauf, dass Sales und Marketing nun einfach twittern statt E-Mails verschicken, sondern hebt die Kommunikation auf eine neue Stufe, auf der Kunden und Unternehmen gleichberechtigt miteinander reden und zusammenarbeiten. Dabei geht die Initiative häufig vom Kunden aus. Wenn ein Kunde zum Beispiel mit einem Produkt unzufrieden ist, kann er den Kundenservice anrufen. Er kann dies aber auch twittern oder eine Anti-Fanpage auf Facebook gründen. Das Unternehmen ist ebenfalls auf diesen Kanälen aktiv und tritt mit dem Kunden in einen Dialog. Wie das geht, hat die Fluggesellschaft Swiss im letzten Jahr lehrbuchhaft gezeigt, als sie sofort in persönlichen Kontakt mit einer Kundin trat, nachdem diese in ihrem

Blog über ihre negativen Erfahrungen mit dem Swiss-Callcenter berichtet hatte.

Technische umsetzung

Als erstes muss das Unternehmen mitbekommen, was die Kunden bewegt und wo es sie erreicht. Dazu eignen sich zunächst die unternehmenseigenen Social-Media-Kanäle wie Blog, Forum oder Twitter-Account, sofern vorhanden. Viele Kunden äussern sich jedoch «irgendwo» in den Social Media – etwa in einem öffentlichen Forum oder auf ihrem eigenen Blog. Es ist fast unmöglich, all diese Kanäle manuell zu überwachen. Deswegen wird ein effizientes Social-MediaMonitoring-System benötigt, das die relevanten Informationen findet, analysiert und in den CRM-Prozess einspeist (siehe Grrafik). Die Hersteller haben dies erkannt, und seit 2010 bieten praktisch alle grossen CRM-Systeme eine entsprechende Monitoring-Komponente.

in Social CRM in den Social Media aktiv sind. Allerdings: Laut einer ZHAW-Studie waren 2010 in über 40 Prozent aller Schweizer Unternehmen Social-Media-Plattformen wie StudiVZ oder Myspace explizit verboten, Facebook sogar in über 50 Prozent. Hier muss ein Umdenken stattfinden.

Klar kommunizieren

KoMMuniKaTionsWege iM

Social Media sind anders: neue Technologien, neue Tools, die Kommunikation ist unmittelbar und dynamisch, praktisch alles ist öffentlich. Ein Mitarbeiter, der das Unternehsocial crM men in den Social Media vertreten soll, muss sich mit den Techniken und Konventionen auskennen: Was sind die üblichen Hash-Tags auf Twitter? Was ist auf Facebook öffentlich, was privat? Wie sieht ein gutes XingProfil aus? Dieses Know-how kann man nicht einfach in einem Wochenend-Seminar erwerben, sondern nur durch praktische Erfahrung. Es ist wichtig, dass die Mitarbeiter bereits vor dem Einstieg
Quelle: Netbreeze

neues Know-how erforderlich

Bevor ein Unternehmen in den Social Media aktiv wird, braucht es eine klare Kommunikationsstrategie: Wie treten wir auf? Welche Informationen sind weiterzugeben? Schreiben die Mitarbeiter als Einzelperson oder als Firmenvertreter? Wann und wo diskutieren wir mit? Insbesondere der letzte Punkt ist kritisch: Mit einem guten Monitoring-System lässt sich praktisch jede relevante Diskussion erfassen. Wenn das Unternehmen mitdiskutiert, kann das sehr willkommen sein – oder es wird als Bevormundung und Einmischung wahrgenommen. Hier ist Fingerspitzengefühl gefragt. Vermutlich ist zuhören oft besser.

social crM – nur ein weiterer hype?

Social Media verändern das Verhalten und die Erwartungen der Kunden. In den SocialMedia-Plattformen kann man alles finden: Produktideen, Verbesserungsvorschläge, Beschwerden über Service-Mitarbeiter. Allein die passive Nutzung dieser Wissens- und Ideenbasis bringt einen Wettbewerbsvorteil. Darüber hinaus kann das Unternehmen in einen konstruktiven Dialog mit dem Kunden treten, seine Anliegen ernst nehmen und ihm bei der Lösung seiner Probleme helfen. Wenn der Social-Media-Input dann auch noch direkt ins Produkt-Design einfliesst, führt dies zu einer ganz neuen Beziehung zwischen Kunden und Unternehmen. In diesem Sinn wird Social CRM in Zukunft zum selbstverständlichen und integralen Bestandteil des Customer Relationship Management werden.
Nr. 01 | Mai 2011



Swiss IT Magazine SpecIal

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