...In identifying the complex factors concerning generational poverty, many factors are of concern. Approximately 61 percent of Migrant and Seasonal Farm Workers (MSFW) “live in poverty, with half earning less than $7,500 per year”. (Anthony, 2011,p.123) According to (Son’s &Bauer, 2010) Single or divorced mother’s find themselves in low paying jobs, with little flexibility, impacting their own ability to provide adequate structure for their children, along with the significant stress to just survive. Generational poverty affects many of us on several different levels. Women out number men in majority of circumstances. And due to this a woman’s long term outcome is determined by two different factors. Being married or ending up single, could perhaps be the deciding factor as to how the single or widowed woman ends up in life. Being married the woman does have the expectation of out living longer than the male spouse. Thus making life a lot less affordable for the older woman. In terms of financial support and healthcare coverage. Medicare is geared primarily toward healthcare for acute illness and covers realtively fewer expanses incurred by chronic illnesses. Whereas older women are more likely than men to suffer debilitating chronic illnesses; older men contract fewer long-term chronic illnesses but are more pronenet to acute illnesses. Hence, Medicare meets the healthcare needs of older men fully than those of older women are more prone to acute illnesses. Hence, Medicare...
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...inequality, injustice in health is the most shocking and inhumane.” Profound racial and economic disparities in health have long been the norm in the United States. Continuing to perpetuate economic and racial inequalities results in different health outcomes for marginalized communities. Despite efforts to improve healthcare access, racial and economic disparities persist. Unequal health has been an ongoing issue for decades and there are many pieces involved that have created this situation. This paper explores the systemic factors that contribute to racial and economic differences in healthcare, including biases and the lack of diversity in healthcare leadership. Racial inequality is...
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...Review of Home Health Nursing Home healthcare is a general term that represents a wide range of community-based services to support someone that is recovering from an acute situation or services needed by clients with ongoing chronic conditions. The skills and duties of home health nurses vary, but all have one thing in common and that is to make it possible for clients to remain at home and in some cases, have more independence and control. In the process, home health also provides caregivers and clients with a chance to participate in the plan of care. Inpatient Care versus Home Healthcare The main difference between receiving care through home health and a traditional inpatient care is the location. Traditional inpatient care is done in the confines and security of the hospital while home healthcare is done in the comfort of the client’s home setting. Inpatient nurses can provide round the clock care and have the advantage of being acquainted with the client’s overall acuity; nursing care is based by importance of nursing diagnoses. While adapting to the patient’s home setting, home health nurses must provide care by adjusting to the client’s routine. Home health nurses work alone in the field with support resources available from a central office (Ellenbecker, Samia, Cushman, & Alster, 2007, p. 301). In an inpatient setting, care is usually provided by nurses and other practitioners whereas with home health, family members and aids are trained regarding the client’s...
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...Analysis of Factors Influencing Adequate Funding of Social Health Care in the Tower Hamlets, London DECLARATION I declare that this is my original work and has not been submitted in any other university or institution for examination. Signature Date Student no: Stud - This is to confirm that the work this proposal was done by the student under our supervision. SignatureDate Supervisor 1: For and behalf of (Name of institution) Signature Date Chairperson, Department of ( ) DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my family members for their enduring support they gave for the whole time I was pursuing this project. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First, I would like to thank my supervisor .................... who has guided me in writing this project. More particularly my special thanks go to my lecturers for taking me through the whole course. I am also greatly indebted to my fellow students who were with me throughout the course work. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS Class A drugs- drugs deemed by the government to cause the most lethal harm when consumed. They attract heavy jail terms including life in prison. Community care- a term used in healthcare policies to mean looking after people with particular needs in the community. Local strategic partnership- a single non-statutory body, aligned with local authority boundaries that bring together at a local level the different parts of the public sector as well as the...
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...between factors that include policy making, social factors, health services, individual behaviour, and biology and genetics. Interventions made on these factors determine the state of health condition. Federal, State, and local policies affect population health either positively or negatively. Tightening policies on the consumption of certain products like tobacco exert a positive impact on health by reducing the level of consumption of such products. Social factors such as a place of birth, work, play, and age determine an individual’s health status. A good distribution of such factors positively determines population health. Access to and quality of health services determines population health. Sufficient access and standardised quality health services exert a positive impact on population health and the reverse is the case (“Determinants of Health,” 2012). Individual behaviour determines population health. Drug and substance abuse, and poor eating habits results to poor heath condition whereas positive changes in individual behaviour positively determine health status (Truman, et al, 2011, p. 1). Biology and genetics determine population health, whereby aged individuals are prone to poor health as opposed to young population. Additionally, poor genes carried by parents are transferred to children resulting to poor health (“Determinants of Health,” 2012). America is one of the countries in which healthcare costs are ranked high. Key contributors in high healthcare costs include...
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... The hospital was acquired by the University of Miami in 2008; since then, it has become the center of healthcare excellence in South Florida. As any new business, the organization is constantly searching for opportunities to improve its physical infrastructure and financial status. In this paper we will analyze the external and internal environmental factors that directly or indirectly affect the overall operations of the hospital. We will also describe its competitive position as well as the hospital’s organizational structure. External Factors UMH mission is to provide healthcare services to the community it serves, as well as to being a point of interest for international patients. As most hospitals, it is aggressively influenced by the environment in which it operates. “A host of external factors influence a firm’s choice of direction and action and, ultimately, its organizational structure and internal processes.” (Pearce, pg.102). These external factors are divided in three major categories: remote, industrial, and international. Remote. These factors are independent from the institution’s operating situations and include: * Economic: shortly after the acquisition, the local and national economy suffered an important recession that lasted several years, and did not allow UMH to grow at the expected rate. Since then, and as the economic situation stabilized, the region has experienced improvement. “Led by rapid growth in construction jobs, South Florida...
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...RUNNING HEAD: Book Review Dilemmas, Challenges, and Ethics of Humanitarian Action: Reflections on Médecins Sans Frontières' Perception Project’ – Book Review [Name of the Writer] [Name of the Institution] Dilemmas, Challenges, and Ethics of Humanitarian Action: Reflections on Médecins Sans Frontières' Perception Project’ – Book Review Introduction Ethics comprises key organisational elements in today’s world regardless of the job responsibility that describes oneself and this is why its evaluation is done and relevant implication studied in each sector and industry. Whether it is the provision of humanitarian aid or it is the manufacturing of pharmaceutical drugs, there are certain ethical boundaries that are important to be mindful of so that they are not breached as it comes attached with severe negative consequences. In the light of this argument for the purpose of strengthening it, a book edited by Caroline Abu-Sada named ‘Dilemmas, Challenges, and Ethics of Humanitarian Action: Reflections on Médecins Sans Frontières' Perception Project’ will be reviewed. Discussion As obvious from the book title, Médecins Sans Frontière s' also known as ‘Doctors without Borders’ is used as the case study for the purpose of enlightening the audience of the ethical challenges and moral dilemmas in addition to the ethics that revolve around humanitarian action (Kramer, Soskolne, Mustapha and Al-Delaimy, 2012, a299-301). The prominent theme that characterises...
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...organizational change and serve as future change agents. Given the increasing discussion on health care reforms, this paper explores the factors that relate to constructive deviance among physicians. Finally, practical implications and future research directions are discussed. II. Introduction Workplace deviance has generally been used to describe the following behaviors: antisocial behavior (Giacalone & Greenberg, 1997), workplace aggression (O’Leary-Kelly, Griffin & Glew, 1996), organizational retaliation (Skarlicki & Folger, 1997), and employee deviance (Robinson & Bennett, 1995). Although previous research has increased our understanding of the harmful effects of deviance within organizations, little research has examined the positive aspects of deviance. Constructive workplace deviance encompasses behaviors that violate significant organizational norms in order to contribute to the well-being of the organization (Galperin, 2003). Constructive deviance is becoming increasingly important in businesses today because constructive deviants can bring about positive changes. Unlike much of the field of organizational behavior which focuses on managerial dysfunctions, such as resistance to change (Luthans, 2002), constructive deviants can play a central role in facilitating organizational change. Given the increased interest in healthcare reforms in the United States, we...
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...quality(educational levels and competence of nursing staff) of nursing care (www.nursingworld.org). These nursing-sensitive measures help healthcare organizations to analyze the quality and quantity of nursing care services. (www.americansentinel.edu )Nursing sensitive-indicators (NSIs) are characterized by measures that are in the realm of nurses to improve and control. According to the website www.nursingworld.org , in 1998, the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators was established by the ANA so that nurses would have a national benchmark to reach they can compare the outcomes. This has given the profession of nursing a solid core of benchmark capital nursing sensitive indicators that are totally nursing care dependent. This database provides benchmark performance with which the individual healthcare institution can compare its performance to similar institutions across the nation. These nursing sensitive indicators result in patient outcomes that are influenced by nursing care decisions and actions. Research has indicated that patient outcomes improve, complications and mortality are reduced, costs can be reduced, and patient and professional nurse satisfaction can be enhanced with strong performance on nursing-sensitive indicators. These patient outcomes may not because the nursing but is associated with the nursing. In various situations, "nursing" might be the individual nurse, nurses as a working group, the approach to nursing practice, the nursing unit, or the institution...
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...Implementation of Change Process: National Health Services Introduction It is a widely recognized fact that health care remains the topmost agenda for any national government around the world. In the same line the UK government is also extremely concerned about the welfare of their citizens. In this regards, the government provides almost free of cost health care services to the citizens of the state. National Health Service (NHS) is the name of the public health care body in the United Kingdom. A number of Health care services are provided at the NHS to people suffering from various illnesses. Generally these services are free of cost for the citizens of United Kingdom. The National Health Service in UK is quite efficient in providing healthcare facilities to residents of the nation. The health care services are the major concerns for any nation. It is not an easy task to meet the rising demands of the health care services in the UK. It has been observed that National Health Service has gone through some critical changes in last five years. In order to meet the rising demands in the health care services National Health Service went through a number of improvements in various health care programmes and projects (Parkin 2009). In this paper we will discuss about the change process in National Health Services in UK. Initially, the reasons that triggered the implementation of change process will be discussed. The types of changes happened in the organization will be focused. Differentiation...
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...population is a group of individuals who are disadvantaged. A vulnerable population can include ethnic minorities, race, decreased income children, uninsured, the homeless, and the elderly, those with specific diseases, unhealthy, mentally ill, and chronically ill. The disadvantaged individuals can include residents who live in a rural area and have barriers accessing healthcare. Vulnerability can be enhanced by ethnicity, sex, race, age, and other factors including the absence of source of care, income, limited insurance coverage. There are social factors that can interfere with healthcare and health such as housing, poverty, and inadequate education. There are three categories of health domains that make up a vulnerable population. These categories are physical, psychological, and social. Physical needs include, chronically ill, high-risk mothers and infants, disabled, HIV-infected individuals. The Psychological domain includes those who are chronically mentally ill and suffer from schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, ADHD, or have a history of substance abuse, alcohol abuse, or suicidal. The social realm includes individuals who are living in an abusive environment with abusive families, immigrants, refugees, the homeless. A large vulnerable population is sexually active adolescents. There are many risks and an increasing need for education. Demographics The vulnerable populations are increasing. American teenage sexual activity and risks associated...
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...Why are rural and remote locations associated with health inequalities which continue to persist for particular social groups? Health services are a common activity that is conducted to every individual in the world. This ranges from medical examinations and treatment form various illness encountered by various individuals. However, this is not the case to every party in the world. Some regions in some countries suffer from inadequate health services provision. This brings the element of inequality in the health sector in various countries. The most prone areas which suffer from these factors are the rural areas. This brings the main intent of the paper on analyzing on the factors that contributes to these inequalities. A rural or remote area is an area that is far away from people or town activities or taller buildings. It is also regarded as a place that is far from civilization (Jayapalan, 2002). A remote place can be within a town but situated in the outcasts of the same town. They are generally known as villages where a social group stays together closely (Hillyard, 2007). A health inequality in a sociological perspective refers to the difference in the accessing of health services between a particular population and social group (Hilary, 2007). The health inequalities can also occur between people in leadership positions as according to their rankings in the leadership hierarchy (Tobin, 2012). The people in remote or rural areas can have a hard time accessing the health...
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... | |Kundan Iqbal | |Newcastle University | |“…every living person has his own peculiarities and always has his own peculiar, personal, novel, complicated disease…’TOLSTOY | The importance of holism The term ‘holism’ was coined by philosopher Jan Smuts in 1926, derived from the Greek hólos, meaning ‘whole’[1]. Aristotle captured the essence of holism in his Metaphysics when he stated ‘the whole is more than the sum of its parts’. Applied to healthcare, holism is the art and science of caring for a person in a way which considers all aspects of their body, mind, spirituality and emotional state in relation to “[other] individuals, the environment, or populations, either separately or in various combinations”[2]. In the traditional biomedical model, health is simply viewed as absence of pathology alongside normal function. Treatment or cure involves drugs, procedures and surgeries, prescribed by a knowledgeable physician. Essentially arising as a reaction against biomedical reductionism, a model of medicine in which patients are arguably viewed...
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...1 Question 1.1 Marketing is the process by which companies create value for customers and build strong customer relationships in order to capture value from customers in return. (Marketing Management, P38) The goal of marketing is to capture value from customers to create profits and customer quality. Marketing process includes: 1. Understand the marketplace and customer needs and wants. 2. Design a customer-driven marketing strategy. 3. Construct an integrated marketing program that delivers superior value. 4. Build profitable relationships and create customer delight. 5. Capture value from customers to create profits and customer quality. (Marketing Management, P38-39) The elements of marketing process include situation analysis, marketing strategy, marketing mix decisions and implementation and control. In OSIM’s case, it understands people have great needs for health, hygiene, fitness and nutrition products. The targeted market is the whole population. Then, OSIM aims to develop innovative healthy lifestyle products for these needs and wants, and develop a strong and trusted brand in these areas. In building relationships with customers and providing them healthy lifestyle products, OSIM is also building a large network of outlets, advertising through newspapers, magazines, etc, as well as franchising to foreign countries. Finally, through the whole marketing process, OSIM has captured value from customers and created profits for themselves and customer...
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...growing by record numbers in the United States, and providing healthcare to this growing population becomes more complicated due to the diverse needs of individuals. As our population diversifies our healthcare delivery systems must evolve to be able to manage a new set of cultural, and ethical dilemmas. Identification of personal preferences and needs of our patients will aid in the positive outcomes and implementation of care. This is why it is important to not only understand the general practices and needs of our patient’s culture, but also have a firm grasp of our own beliefs and how we view and perceive other cultures. In the following, discussion of three different cultures will be explored and compared. The American Nurses’ Association’s code of ethics states “the profession’s commitment is to provide service to people regardless of background or situation”. (ANA, 1985) The diversity of our country is growing as the population as a whole increases. Healthcare today is faced with new challenges with regard to patient care due to the cultural differences and health beliefs. Heritage assessment is now a standard assessment that is integrated to ensure the proper care of an individual as a whole person and not just a patient with signs and symptoms. Many different beliefs and traditions need to be considered, as well as socio-economic status, family support systems, disability, and religion. All of these factors can contribute to the health and welfare of the individual...
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