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Social Loafing: Laziness or Something Else?

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Submitted By alfalfa
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Ford Fairlane
Dr. Professor Teacher
MBA555
29 November 2014
Social Loafing: Laziness or Something Else?
A frequent observation whenever groups of people gather together in team settings is that certain team members underperform relative to the performance of their teammates. The first reported observation of this was by Ringelmann in 1913 who demonstrated that men collectively pulling on a rope do not pull as hard as when pulling alone (Ringelmann). This phenomenon, termed Social Loafing (Latané, Williams, and Harkins 822), characterizes a multitude of settings and situations where the sum of output from a team is less than what the sum of work would be if that same work was performed by the same number on an individual basis. It is assumed that a team member designated as a social loafer is intrinsically a poor performer, has a general disposition to perform poorly, and that individual would manifest these character traits regardless of the goal or situation for which he is putting forth effort. Rather than a willful act of unwilling participation or laziness, it can be argued instead that Social Loafing is predominantly a result of multiple factors of team dynamics and work parameters which evoke a disincentive to put forth one’s best effort. Additionally, given the proper group framework and structure, Social Loafing is largely avoidable.
Common belief and intuition holds that groups of people pooling their resources and effort together will yield results greater than that which would normally be obtained by individuals working separately towards the same goal. Typical sport doctrine stresses teamwork as paramount, Ben Franklin admonished that, “We must all hang together, or assuredly we shall all hang separately” when orating against the tyranny of the King of England, and the familiar adage states that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

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