Social science is described by Sills as a house with each room containing their own social science disciplinary. Social science involves social structures and public issues amongst their disciplines, with each discipline using their own concepts to achieve a common understanding. It is has multiple disciplines which covers subjects like Economics, history, and geography. Sills explains that the significance of social science allows for the better understanding of oneself in the world. He states thatsocial sciences is not concrete and differs depending on the generation. The social sciences needs to bemore heavily considered especially in our current society because there are many youths have no idea how their actions are affected by social structures.Sociological imagination is the interaction between the individuals and other individuals as well as the social structures in place. The term was coined by Mills in the 19th century during the industrial revolution. To have a sociological imagination, a person must be able to pull away from the situation and think from an alternative point of view. The movie lottery at birth helps us understand the concept of socio imaginti. Mills believed in the power of the sociological imagination to connect personal troubles to public issues. Soci imaginat is more applicable today than in Mill’s time because society is going through very fast transformations. Socio imaginati explains the nature of sociology and its relevance in daily life.Mythistory by McNeil is the concept that what may seem to be true to one historian may seem false toanother. This is an important concept because to get a full understanding of any subject we must read critically and analytically. That is to understand the context and the views of the writers and how it could’ve affected the text. The concept of Mythistory is significant to the course because it shows that there is always going to be an aspect of myth within history, it just depends on where you are receiving the history from. This connects back to the Holmbergs mistake and the Zinn reading in regards to Columbus. There are two versions about Columbus and are both considered fact depending on who you hear it from. One version is where Columbus is the great mighty hero who founded the land of America on a land devoid of culture on his own. However the natives of the land most definitely had their own cultures of being nomads, and were forced into slavery for resources. The historians may not have known of about the slavery thus leaving it out affecting the overall theme text.Dominant and counter ideologies grow out of the same social organization. They take the same economic arrangement, the same territorial boundaries, and the same population as their units of analysis. But each ideology represents different relationships between these units and different organizations. The dominant ideology is the set of beliefs where one believes how the world ought to be and resists change from the status quo. It serves to legitimize society and the way we act. The dominant ideology is spread through media and the biggest transmitters are the parents. Thus it is hard for those with the dominant ideology to understand those in the counter ideology. An example from the Marchak reading is given for the dominant ideology of liberalism and counter ideology of Marxism. They both originate from the European industrial revolution where liberalism seeks to promote the positive values in equality, Marxism seeks to judge liberalism’s ability to meet those values. This is important to the course because it educates us on how to counter the dominant ideology and think critically. It also helps us to see that our ideas are not necessarily our own but is influenced by many factors around us like the media and other community members.Wage/capital labour is a concept explained by Karl Marx as the basis for capitalism to function. A worker sells his work to the owner for money at the expense of his life activity. This life activity is whatthe worker would’ve wanted to do if he wasn’t working. An example given by Marx is the weaver that works to turn tread to cloth. Thus a wage is what a worker is paid for his labour power. The wage is determined by cost of production and the labour time needed to create the product.The value of a good is equal to the amount of labor that goes into making it. Thus the final determinant of the price of all goods is the amount of labor needed to create it. Capital consists of raw materials, instruments of labour and means of subsistence of all kinds, used to produce new products. Marx argues that Capital means nothing and only when goods are exchanged that they matter. In order for there to be profit it is stolen from the surplus value of the labourer. For example to sustain the life of a worker takes 6 hours of work. Then the rest of the day is surplus value, but the value is stolen by the owner.The Division of labor is the concept which maximizes production by allowing workers to specialize in discrete aspects of the production process. This gave rise to the middle class and introduced machinery into production. It created greater economic growth and increased innovation for economy. This also however created what Marx calls worker alienation. The workers life’s purpose is to work just to survive because he gets no accomplishment for his job. He does not own the materials for his work and he doesn’t own the finished product. The division of labor also exploits workers because if the average joe can do the same job for less a specialized worker will be replaced. This also connects to minimum wage as it is a wage that is not adequate for the standard of living. Dependance on others. Smith explains however that expanding markets leads to virtually limitless possibilities for the expansion of wealth through manufacture and trade. Division of labor is relevant in our course because allows to understand the nature of capitalism and its impact on society.The division of labor is the concept which maximizes production by allowing workers to specialize in discrete aspects of the production process. The more and more complex the division of labor in a societygets, the bigger the economy. It is explained further with readings from Karl Marx and Adam Smith. Smith tries to explain the positives that come from the increase in productivity, and Marx looks at the negatives. The surplus created from the increase in productivity goes to only small group of people in a capitalist society. Thus I argue that the division of labour leads to the wealth of nations at the expense of misery to the working class.Adam Smith believes that the market should be free in order for there to be economic growth. Thus the introduction of machinery is the apparent next step in the further improvement of division of labour. Machines will perform a task at faster, better, and more efficient speed for a cheaper price. This leads to phasing out of workers in product production, and the decrease in jobs in a particular field. The social issue is that the majority of workers in assembly and factory lines are those who are unskilled to work elsewhere. They are specialized to work repetitive and boring tasks to make a living. By removing these types of jobs, we are forcing a big group of people to essentially reeducate themselves. It is difficult for adults to reeducate themselves when they are older, thus they will resist change. Therefore at the expense of the misery of the middle class, the nation will gain wealth.Karl Marx explains that the misery of the middle class stems from a few key points. Worker alienation, dependence of labour on others, the creation of minimum wage, and worker exploitation are some of the issues created by division of labour. Worker alienation is when the workers life’s purpose becomes his work because he gets no accomplishment for his job. He does not own the materials for his work and he doesn’t own the finished product. As the worker becomes more and more specialized, the work becomes more repetitive. Thus this leads to workers with low morale with no sense of wanting to do the work other than to earn a living. The division of labor also exploits workers because jobs are now simplified so that everyone can do it. Thus the more specialized workers that understand the whole process will be replaced unless they accept lower pay. The minimum wage ... dependence on others... These are all social problems that are hard to solve, because of the social circumstances of each society.As societies become more and more complex in their division of labor, there will be a surplus of wealth created from it. This however only benefits the suppliers and producers of the labor because of the capitalist society that we are in. The workers will never see the profit and never receive an increase. The profit all goes to a small group of people that will have more wealth then they can ever spend. However, because of the views of individual gain over the group it’s viewed as normal for this to happen.This also connects with Marx belief that there will always be the rich and the poor in a capitalist society. It is accepted that there is a labor hierarchy and one must work his way to the top to achieve wealth. This creates the issue where there is economic growth but the middle class still suffers. Marx believes that eventually, the majority people will notice the inequality and revolt against the dominant ideology. Some critics state that the Marxism belief is wishful thinking and that it is hard for a society to change.