...Dependent Personality Disorder in Women Kimberly L. Johnson Abstract This paper will examine the DSM disorder of Dependent Personality Disorder in Women. The focus of this paper will be to highlight the differentiation, diagnosis and treatment of this specific pathological personality disorder. According to the DSM, Dependent Personality Disorder (DPD) is characterized by a pervasive and excessive need to be cared for by others that usually lead to clingy and fears of separation. In professional counseling it is critical that clinicians understand the root causes of DPD and how this disorder can manifest in women. This disorder can be found in both men and women, but research seems to suggest that women are more likely to suffer from this disorder. Therefore, understanding the pathology of DPD and its diagnosis and treatment will be critical to professionals working with women. This paper will also discuss how clinicians should be cautious when making diagnosis in women who present with DPD and knowing what gender and culture factors that exists. Dependent Personality Disorder in Women Clinical Definition of Dependent Personality Disorder According to the DSM-IV-TR (2000), Dependent Personality Disorder (DPD) is characterized by a pervasive and excessive need to be cared for by another person that usually lead to clingy and fears of separation. DPD as outlined in the DSM-IV-TR is considered the formal diagnosis of DPD needed for insurance, research, and communication...
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...homes. What seniors are led to believe is their new haven, may in fact, be just the opposite. Elders in Ontario nursing homes are being beaten, neglected and even sexually assaulted by people who were hired to care for them (McLean & Welsh, 2011). According to the reports that the Star was able to obtain, more than 10 residents in Ontario each month are verbally, physically and sexually assaulted (McLean & Welsh, 2011). Many reported abuse cases have been life-threatening and have led to death due to assault and neglect. Despite the provincial vow of improved care in these homes, it is evident that seniors are facing the same problems with abuse in nursing homes today. On November 17th, 2011, the Star examined 70 percent of the inspection reports from last year, 1500 reports in total, and serious problems were located in 900 of the cases. Of these 900, approximately 350 revealed neglect of seniors, 125 were abuse related and the remainder found other types of mistreatment and poor care (McLean & Welsh, 2011). The case of Danae Chambers; a defenceless 71-year-old Toronto woman, alarmed the entire Greater Toronto Area. She was a senior resident at the City of Toronto-run nursing home, Castleview Wychwood Towers. Leonid Kozlov, the senior's nurse, was...
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...Introduction To Sociology II notes by Mutangi G T Sociology is the study of human social life. Because human social life is so expansive, sociology has many sub-sections of study, ranging from the analysis of conversations to the development of theories to try to understand how the entire world works. This chapter will introduce you to sociology and explain why it is important, how it can change your perspective of the world around you, and give a brief history of the discipline. History Sociology is a relatively new academic discipline. It emerged in the early 19th century in response to the challenges of modernity. Increasing mobility and technological advances resulted in the increasing exposure of people to cultures and societies different from their own. The impact of this exposure was varied, but for some people included the breakdown of traditional norms and customs and warranted a revised understanding of how the world works. Sociologists responded to these changes by trying to understand what holds social groups together and also explore possible solutions to the breakdown of social solidarity. Early Sociological Studies Early sociological studies considered the field to be similar to the natural sciences like physics or biology. As a result, many researchers argued that the methodology used in the natural sciences were perfectly suited for use in the social sciences, including Sociology. The effect of employing the scientific method and stressing empiricism was the...
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...In recent years the issue of teenage pregnancies has become an important topic of conversation for many people whether in formal or informal settings. This is due to the fact of the social, economic and health consequences associated with teenage pregnancies, with that being said this paper going to further explore these consequences. Teenage pregnancies for one is associated with less schooling, lower income, increased poverty and dependency. It is well proven that more education is associated with long-term improvements in economic performance and teenage pregnancies act as a barrier to these improvements. Because of the time and energy that raising children to require, which intrudes with the time and energy required to study and go to classes, women who have a child during the school years often drop out before they can complete their education. This is especially the case for...
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...Gender is defined by FAO as ‘the relations between men and women, both perceptual and material. Gender is not determined biologically, as a result of sexual characteristics of either women or men, but is constructed socially. It is a central organizing principle of societies, and often governs the processes of production and reproduction, consumption and distribution’ (FAO, 1997). Development is a process of structural societal change. Thomas (2000, 2004) refers to this meaning of development as a process of historical change. The essay shall look at Women in Development, Women And Development and Gender And Development and give their contributions to development as well as their strengths and limitations. The term "women in development" came into use in the early 1970s, after the publication of Ester Boserup's Women's Role in Economic Development (1970). Boserup was the first to systematically delineate on a global level the sexual division of labour that existed in agrarian economies. The Women in Development concept is based on a recognition of the importance of the roles and status of women in development process. It is meant to give special attention to the women's role, while extending development assistance. For the effective and efficient implementation of assistance, it is essential to ensure that the women should have the opportunities to participate positively as important players in development process. Such enlargement of opportunities will also pave the way for...
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...Alchoholism Case Study This case study took place at an Alcohol and Addiction Counselling Practice. This service offers people with drug or alcohol related problems an opportunity to increase their quality of life by: providing advice and information, one-to-one counselling, a gender specific alcohol and drug user group, a support group for people who have stopped drinking or using drugs and a family and friends support group. The first interview with Claire took place in October 2000. Her psychiatrist referred Claire to our practice. His first contact with Claire was in August of the same year. She was referred to him by a hospital that had treated her for an attempted suicide. Although the psychiatrist is treating Claire for severe depression it has become apparent to him that she has a problem with alcohol. She is 30 years old and was divorced two years ago. She has no children. There is no partner in her life now or since her divorce and she lives in a rented one bed roomed house. She is unemployed and is currently in receipt of Income Support. Claire has requested a counselling programme that will help her to abstain from alcohol. She has not drunk any alcohol for two weeks prior to her appointment at this service, but she is on prescribed medication: tranquillisers and anti-depressants for depression. The main objective of this interview is to gather information in order to assess which of our services will best benefit Claire to aid her with abstinence from...
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...Domestic violence or domestic abuse is the dirty little secret that some people in society want to ignore. Women hide behind dark glasses, makeup and lies to cover the secret of abuse out of shame, blame and fear. Domestic violence is a cycle of abuse that needs to be addressed. There needs to be more research on the cycle of abuse. Society needs to be educated on the effects of domestic violence and acknowledge that it is a societal problem because the abuser is not the only one abusing the victim. There has been focus on domestic violence when it occurs in the home, but the cycle of abuse is important as well to understand the etiology of domestic violence and find solutions to end this cycle of violence. According to the National Coalition on Domestic Violence, 1 out of 4 women are being abused. 1.3 million women are victims of domestic violence and is the number one reason that women end up in the emergency room with injuries with an average of 3 women a day victims of homicide as a result. Women between the ages of 20-24 are more likely to be victims of nonfatal injuries. Besides rape, domestic violence is underreported. Men are abused as well, but 85% women are victims of domestic violence. 30% to 60% of abusers will abuse children in the home. The cost of intimate partner violence exceeds $5.8 billion a year. Children who witness domestic violence are more likely to repeat this cycle of abuse than those who do not and this is the continuation of...
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...and attitudinal connotations. Sex on the other hand refers to the biological differences in chromosomes, hormonal profiles as well as internal and external sexual organs or genitalia.The term sex since classical times has been used to designate matters related to biological and anatomical makeup of a person. Thus while ones’ sex as male or female is a biological and universal fact that is however not the same with gender since sex is tends to be similar across all cultures while gender varies one society to another. Sex relates to the biological characteristics that categorise someone as either female or male; whereas gender refers to the socially determined ideas and practices of what it is to be female or male. Patriarchy - Systemic societal structures that institutionalise male physical, social and economic power over women. Culture - The distinctive patterns of ideas, beliefs, and norms which characterise the way of life and relations of a society or group within a society. Gender discrimination - The systematic, unfavourable treatment of individuals on the basis of their gender, which denies them rights, opportunities or resources. Gender division...
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...laws were put in place to make sure markets are free and open, which is the foundation of a vibrant economy (ftc.gov). The benefits of these laws are mainly for the consumer, and they infuse competition in any market space, which ultimately leads to good prices and high quality products and services. To better assert the fact that Antitrust Laws have in fact been enforced for the protection and benefit of the consumer, one must look at actual cases in which organizations have been investigated for violation of Antitrust Laws. In the following paper, I’ll be focusing on Apple’s antitrust investigation. Additionally, we’ll identify some costs associated with the antitrust behavior, and why Apple was investigated? To conclude, we’ll then shift our focus to weighing out whether or not monopolies and oligopolies benefit society, with at least looking at one study where they did benefit. Apple Gets Investigated and Charged Apple, which has an oligopoly market structure because of their number of competitors, pricing similarities and dependencies with other vendors, was hit with a huge fine for antitrust violations (in the 840 million range). Apple was investigated for helping facilitate a price hike in the e-book market space by colluding with major publishers. The U.S. Department of Justice said this conspiracy was designed to undercut online retailer, Amazon.com Inc’s dominance of the fast-growing e-book market (Reuters, 2013). However, what really drew attention was the immediate...
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...FOREIGN STUDIES Divorce is the hardest challenge that can happen to a couple especially if they have kids. It is painful for the husband and wife to finally end their marriage but they are two matured individuals who are strong enough to handle changes in their lives. The impact of this turn of events in a family’s life is more devastating on the children. Not only is that it painful for them on that moment to hear the news that their parents are getting a divorce. But the worst that can happen is the long term effect that can eventually ruin their future. In most cases, usually one parent keeps custody of his/her children. But despite of that, the thought that they are no longer complete seem unacceptable. Here are some effects of a broken family on children: 1. A broken home can make a child insecure. Insecure in a sense that he no longer had a complete family he can call his own. For a child’s mind, a family is composed of a 2. The insecurities, self-doubt and lack of confidence in a child can eventually make him uninterested in school. More often, those who are out of school are products of a broken home. 3. Sometimes a child’s reaction on his parents’ announcement of a divorce is not visible. He keeps to himself the pain, shock and anger he feels. This in turn makes him vulnerable to anger, depression, revenge, alcohol, crimes, drugs and so on. He makes these as his outlets. Too much depression, alcohol addiction and drug dependency, if left untreated, can make him mentally...
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...Running head: ECOLOGICAL MODEL 1 Ecological Model Queena Brown Liberty University Online ECOLOGICAL MODEL 2 Ecological Model The ecological model was submitted as a concept in the 1970s and further adopted as theory 10-years later in the early 1980s. Such models were developed in an attempt to enhance the understanding of the complex interconnection between people and their surrounding environments. Significantly, the theory was advanced by the World War I, after which researchers realized that the surveys conducted by psychologists seemed narrow in scope. The ecological model was brought about to fill the gap that existed between the behavioral theories. Indeed, they covered small settings based on the fact that anthropological theories were mainly used for analysis in broad contexts. The contribution of ecological models in personal development is profound despite being criticized. Specifically, Bronfenbrenner Ecological model is widely employed in the development of human beings in a bid to achieve a ‘risk tree’ concept that strengthens the ecological model. In the biological sense, human beings are considered as animals, just like any other living creature. Growth and development of humans come forth based on the interconnected and embedded ecological systems surrounding them. These two vital processes are governed by the various factors found the ecological model...
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...ORIGINAL RESEARCH FORECASTING SIGNIFICANT SOCIETAL EVENTS USING THE EMBERS STREAMING PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS SYSTEM Andy Doyle,1 Graham Katz,1 Kristen Summers,1 Chris Ackermann,1 Ilya Zavorin,1 Zunsik Lim,1 Sathappan Muthiah,2 Patrick Butler,2 Nathan Self,2 Liang Zhao,2 Chang-Tien Lu,2 Rupinder Paul Khandpur,2 Youssef Fayed,3 and Naren Ramakrishnan2 Abstract Developed under the Intelligence Advanced Research Project Activity Open Source Indicators program, Early Model Based Event Recognition using Surrogates (EMBERS) is a large-scale big data analytics system for forecasting significant societal events, such as civil unrest events on the basis of continuous, automated analysis of large volumes of publicly available data. It has been operational since November 2012 and delivers approximately 50 predictions each day for countries of Latin America. EMBERS is built on a streaming, scalable, loosely coupled, shared-nothing architecture using ZeroMQ as its messaging backbone and JSON as its wire data format. It is deployed on Amazon Web Services using an entirely automated deployment process. We describe the architecture of the system, some of the design tradeoffs encountered during development, and specifics of the machine learning models underlying EMBERS. We also present a detailed prospective evaluation of EMBERS in forecasting significant societal events in the past 2 years. Introduction Anticipatory intelligence is considered to be one of the next frontiers...
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...Social Problems Chupical Shollah Manuel HIV is a long term social problem in most underdeveloped countries. This takes us directly beyond the epidemiological aspects of the disease to the social and economic dimensions. Many social studies have revealed that HIV and AIDS is fast becoming a social cancer and it can be understood if one was to assess the social structure and the availability of resources in the society. The most affected persons are those who live in the lower strata of the social stratification due to inequalities that comes with social structure. This paper serves to explain that HIV and AIDS is a social problem of poverty and it also looks at other factors such as religion, promiscuity and child rights which also result in the spread of the disease. It is undisputed to say that poverty is implicated in the prevalence in most developing world. Because these countries are generally poor people are normally forced to engage in activities that end up putting them at the risk of HIV. United Nations (2004) revealed that in South Africa more than 6 million people where living with HIV. The paper also revealed that the majority number who were affected were blacks who are generally poor who have no proper housing facilities, mal-nutritional, lack of safe water. Further research has suggested that Botswana and Zimbabwe have high prevalence of the disease due to the poor conditions which prevails in these countries. In Zimbabwe around 2 million people are said to...
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...Neglect The year is 2012 and in this day in age, society is still faced with issues such as child abuse and neglect. “An estimated 905,000 children were victims of child abuse or neglect in 2006” (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). Child abuse and neglect is a growing dilemma not only in the United States but also worldwide. Child abuse and neglect is an issue that must be studied to see the significant effects it has on its victims. These effects can be great, the most prominent being physical, psychological, and societal consequences. The following will focus on the psychological effects, and these can be summarized with difficulties during infancy, poor mental and emotional health, cognitive difficulties, and social difficulties. When taking a look at child abuse and neglect one must start at the earliest point in which such can occur. This first point is infancy. During infancy, the child is most vulnerable due to its dependency on the mother and those surrounding the child. During this stage, infants require for their basic needs to be met. As an infant, many things can fall under child abuse and neglect, some of which include, as described by Waldman, Cannella, and Perlman; “Child abuse can take many forms: -Neglect, in which the responsible adult fails to adequately provide for various needs, including physical, emotional, and...
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...For the purpose of this assignment I am going to discuss the social construct of disability by focusing on eugenics and language. In addition to the medical and social model of disability, segregation and the oppression of disability. Furthermore the Medias influence on social constructs. Within the United Kingdom there are an estimated 9 million disabled adults. (Office for Disability Issues updated Department for Work and Pensions estimates based on Family Resources survey 2009/10). Despite the high number, people with impairments are treated as a separate homogenous group to the rest of society. Firstly, to understand where we are today with disability as a social construction I will provide a historical account of disability in western society. To pinpoint precisely the origins of society’s attitude towards disability and disabled people would be almost impossible (Barton 1996). One theory that has been suggested, is that the view that our perceptions of impairments and disability are influenced by psychological fear of the unknown, the anomalous and the abnormal (Barton 1996 cites Douglas 1966). Historically, disability has been a source of oppression where disabled people have been socially excluded from many areas of social life. The exclusion can be traced back to an era when biblically ideas formed of society. The religious model of disability produced notions of what was acceptable and not acceptable; this included the exclusion of imperfections of the body. Imperfect...
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