... Nowadays, software is becoming a major part of enterprise business. Software development is activity connected with advanced technology and high level of knowledge. Risks on software development projects must be successfully mitigated to produce successful software systems. Lack of a defined approach to risk management is one of the common causes for project failures. To improve project chances for success, this work investigates common risk impact areas to perceive a foundation that can be used to define a common approach to software risk management. Based on typical risk impact areas on software development projects, we propose three risk management strategies suitable for a broad area of enterprises and software development projects with different amounts of connected risks. Proposed strategies define activities that should be performed for successful risk management, the one that will enable software development projects to perceive risks as soon as possible and to solve problems connected with risk materialization. We also propose a risk-based approach to software development planning and risk management as attempts to address and retire the highest impact risks as early as possible in the development process. Proposed strategies should improve risk management on software development projects and help to create a successful software solution. Table of contents: 1. Introduction 4 2. Risks In Software Development ...
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...Success and Failure Patricia Barton November 25, 2001 Table of Contents Introduction Factors Contributing to Failure ERP Success Stories Conclusion References Introduction What is Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)? “Enterprise Resource Planning” is a term originally coined in 1990 by The Gartner Group to describe the next generation of MRP II software. The purpose was to integrate all facets of the business enterprise under one suite of software applications. The definition of ERP would be broadened to include almost any type of large integrated software package.[i][1] Webopedia provides a generalized definition of ERP as “a business management system that integrates all facets of the business, including planning, manufacturing, sales, and marketing.”[ii][2][iii] Some of the more well-known ERP software developers include SAP, Oracle, and PeopleSoft. This paper will look at both successful and unsuccessful ERP implementations and what contributed to their success or failure. Many lessons have been learned by failed ERP projects, as evidenced by the volume of information available. Many of the failures occurred in 1999, in an attempt to manage Y2K issues, which may suggest that the companies had pressing needs which forced the implementation. Apparently, late adopters are benefiting from the mistakes of their predecessors since the most current research describes successful implementations. What constitutes an ERP implementation failure? There are...
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...ERP System Failures Jodie Wittenburg Assignment ACG_5647-12 – Week 11 – Course Project Auditing II March 27, 2015 Instructor: Dr. Maryln Fisher Introduction Major project failure is an unfortunate fact for many organizations, and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) projects are no exception. Whether the project is a few months or a few years long, whether it’s an upgrade or a new implementation, the financial and cultural well-being of the entire organization is at stake, and the associated costs of the failure range from disruptive to catastrophic. Everything possible must be done to ensure success. What is an ERP System? An ERP System is an industry acronym for Enterprise Resource Planning System, referring to automation and integration of a company’s core business to help focus on effectiveness and simplified success (Syspro, n.d.). ERP is business process management software that allows an organization to use a system of integrated applications to manage the business and automate many back office functions related to technology, services, and human resources. ERP software integrates all facets of an operation, including product planning, development, manufacturing, sales, and marketing. By doing so, a single computer system can serve the unique needs of each functional area. ERP systems support a smooth and seamless flow of information across the organization by providing a standardized environment for a firm’s business processes and a common operational...
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...Analysis of Case Study Christopher Rubio Week 4 HCS/483 When ever an organization is thinking of implementing a New It Initiative they must ensure that they are well organized and fully understand the length and time a project may take. According to Cook “ Project failure occurs when a project is significantly over budget, takes must longer than estimated timeline, or has to be terminated because of so many problems have occurred that proceeding is no longer judged to be viable.” With Memorial Health System failed implementation of a CPOE system they had many problems including an over budgeted project, Lack of belief in project, Insufficient leadership support, Failure to respect uncertainty, Failure to anticipate short-term disruptions, and initiative undernourishment. In this paper we will discuss all six of these problems along with give possible solutions to each of them. Failure to respect uncertainty: When the system was finally implemented it was had a lot of bugs in the system. They implemented the system at all of facilities. Because of this as well as a few other issues such as lack of training the system was taken offline and they continued with the old system. The solution to this problem would have been to implement the system in one location instead of the entire hospital. This place can be used as the test facility in which you can do two things. One you can work all the bugs out and the other would be to use it as a training facility where you can send...
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...An enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is a set of core software modules that enable organizations to share data across the entire enterprise through the use of a common database and management reporting tools. The goal is to enable easy access to business data and to create efficient, streamlined work processes. Origin of "ERP" In 1990 Gartner Group first employed the acronym ERP as an extension of material requirements planning (MRP), later manufacturing resource planning and computer-integrated manufacturing. Without supplanting these terms, ERP came to represent a larger whole, reflecting the evolution of application integration beyond manufacturing. Not all ERP packages were developed from a manufacturing core. Vendors variously began with accounting, maintenance and human resources. By the mid–1990s ERP systems addressed all core functions of an enterprise. Beyond corporations, governments and non–profit organizations also began to employ ERP systems.[7] Expansion ERP systems experienced rapid growth in the 1990s because the year 2000 problem and introduction of the Euro disrupted legacy systems. Many companies took this opportunity to replace such systems with ERP. ERP systems initially focused on automating back office functions that did not directly affect customers and the general public. Front office functions such as customer relationship management (CRM) dealt directly with customers, or e–business systems such as e–commerce, e–government, e–telecom...
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...dual degree in Finance and Information Management and Technology. She is aspire to become an effective international business communicator and is currently have more than one year working experience as business technology analyst. Practices that will cause failures in IM management In this specific position, the practice that you cannot correctly translate the business requirement into technical requirement will most likely be the case failure in IM management. Considering the specific profile listed above, it is possible for her to incorrectly translate the requirement since she didn’t have the strong technology background. Business analyst is now crucial for the success of the information management. Since this position provide the “translation service” for the business department and technology department, and imprecise translations will result in failure of the project. A study [2] has showed that poor definition requirements (50%), communications problems (14%) and inadequate risk management (17%) are the major reasons for failure of projects. And these are all related to business analyst. Illustration As shown above, poor definition requirements is the condition that most likely lead to the failure. For example, Business requirements are high level requirements that management and a board of directors would typically...
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...Enterprise Resource Planning and Systems Integration Cesar Campana, MMIS0627 Graduate Student, Nova Southeastern University School of Computer and Information Sciences September, 2011 Author Note Cesar Campana, Graduate Student, School of Computer and Information Sciences, Nova Southeastern University. Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to Cesar Campana, 2240 SW 50 Av, Fort Lauderdale Fl 33317. E-mail: cc1604@nova.edu Background Enterprise Resource Planning integrates internal and external management information across an entire organization, embracing finance/accounting, manufacturing, sales and service, customer relationship management, etc. ERP systems automate this activity with an integrated software application (Hossein, 2004). The ERP is “Web enabled”, meaning that they work using Web clients, making them accessible to all of the organization’s employees, clients, partners, and vendors from anytime and anyplace, thereby promoting the BU’s effectiveness (Motiwalla & Thompson, 2012). The fundamental advantage of ERP is that integrating the myriad processes by which businesses operate saves time and expense. Decisions can be made more quickly and with fewer errors. Data becomes visible across the organization (Vikki, 2010). The disadvantages comes from the tight budget organizations allocate to personnel training thus resulting inadequate use of ERP systems and poor testing and implementing of changes. The experience and skill of the...
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...MORE FREE TERM PAPERS ON SITE: www.BesplatniSeminarskiRadovi.com SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT A Term Paper ON ERP Implementation-Procedures, Issues, Challenges & Failures Introduction An Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is an integrated computer-based application used to manage internal and external resources, including tangible assets, financial resources, materials, and human resources. Its purpose is to facilitate the flow of information between all business functions inside the boundaries of the organization and manage the connections to outside stakeholders. Built on a centralized database and normally utilizing a common computing platform, ERP systems consolidate all business operations into a uniform and enterprise-wide system environment. An ERP system can either reside on a centralized server or be distributed across modular hardware and software units that provide "services" and communicate on a local area network. The distributed design allows a business to assemble modules from different vendors without the need for the placement of multiple copies of complex and expensive computer systems in areas which will not use their full capacity. To be considered an ERP system, a software package should have the following traits: ➢ Should be integrated and operate in real time with no periodic batch updates. ➢ All applications should access one...
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...IS 350 Final exam SAP * System, application, product * SAP ERP Main Business Modules (FI MM CO PP SD HR) * Name of the Company– SAP AG – SAP America – SAP UK * Name of the Software– SAP R/3– SAP Business One– SAP Business Object by Design – SAP Netweaver – SAP HANA SAP Technical Architecture * Three Tier Structure: GUI, Application server, and database server Configuration * The process of tailoring SAP by selecting specific functionality from a list of those supported by the software 6 stage IT implementation models (Cooper & Zmud) 1. Initiation a. Scan organizational problems/opportunities and IT solutions is undertaken 2. Adoption b. Ensure to get organizational backing for implementation of the IT implementation 3. Adaptation c. IT application is installed and organizational process is revised and developed 4. Acceptance d. Organizational members is induced to commit to IT application usage 5. Routinization e. Usage of IT application is encouraged as a normal activity 6. Infusion f. Increased organizational effectiveness is obtained by using the IT application * IT implementation Refers to team’s strategy and actions for successful system and contribution to the organization Is the extent of alignment of the IT and the organization that operates it Cooper & Zmud: Rational behaviors can explain IT implementation in the early stage of the transfer process More...
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...Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system Implementation-Procedures, Issues, Challenges & Failures An Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is an integrated computer-based application used to manage internal and external resources, including tangible assets, financial resources, materials, and human resources. Its purpose is to facilitate the flow of information between all business functions inside the boundaries of the organization and manage the connections to outside stakeholders. Built on a centralized database and normally utilizing a common computing platform, ERP systems consolidate all business operations into a uniform and enterprise-wide system environment. An ERP system can either reside on a centralized server or be distributed across modular hardware and software units that provide "services" and communicate on a local area network. The distributed design allows a business to assemble modules from different vendors without the need for the placement of multiple copies of complex and expensive computer systems in areas which will not use their full capacity. To be considered an ERP system, a software package should have the following traits: - Should be integrated and operate in real time with no periodic batch updates. - All applications should access one database to prevent redundant data and multiple data definitions. - All modules should have the same look and feel. - Users should be able to access any information in the system without needing...
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...Introduction The purpose of this paper is to give and provide detailed information about the reason why Craven Books was having issues on the implementation of the new information technology system which should help to improve the performance of the business. Other than that, the implementation of this new information technology system nearly makes Craven Books face bankruptcy and lost many customers. In this paper, 3 issues that lead Craven Books faced failure in the implementation of the new information technology system will be chosen to discuss in detailed. Each issue will be discuss in detailed together with any related case studies that can take as reference and recommendations to eliminate and cope each issue. Company’s Background Craven Books is a distributor of comics and magazines and books. The company was founded and evolves in the market place in the late 1960 as it founder, Peter Craven started to distribute sci-fi and horror books through direct mail. In 1970’s, the business began to be known in the market place by buying comics in bulk from both the American publishers and the second hand comic market and sell this on their customers in the United Kingdom by using a mail order catalogue. This had helped the company to grow in the market place and be known by many other customers. Because of this the company had been able to encounter growth both in profit and in the number of their regular customers. In this regard, the company decided to use a new...
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...Case Study ERP Implementation Failures ERP systems are an integrated software solution that is typically offered through a vendor as packaged software that supports the organization’s supply chain and other business functions, such as, receiving, inventory management, customer order management, production, planning, shipping, accounting, and human resource management. The use of ERP is very widespread across a multitude of industries. As a matter of fact, a report by Computer Economics Inc. states that, “76% of manufacturers, 35% of insurance and health care companies, and 24% of Federal Government agencies already have an ERP system or are in the process of installing one.” Over 60% of Fortune 1000 companies have implemented ERP systems (Hawkins & Stein, 2004). It is not just large firms that are implementing ERP systems, small and medium size companies are making use of ERP systems as well (O’Leary, 2004). ERP systems have expanded across the globe and many of world’s leading companies consider Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems an essential information systems infrastructure to survive and prosper in today’s economy. There are many advantages to ERP systems. Companies that have successfully implemented ERP systems report improvement in management decision making, improvement in efficiency, improvement in information exchange, improvement in performance and productivity levels and improvement in customer service and customer satisfaction, just to name a few. So...
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...Information Systems June 13, 2013 Factors contributing to the failure Whaley Foodservice Repairs hired Epicor to implement an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. The deal was signed in 2006, but after two years the project never materialized. Whaley finally sued Epicor for compensation of the cost they had incurred in trying to implement the software (Kanaracus, 2011). The main factors that led to the failure of this project were underestimation of the implementation timelines, underestimation of costs, business processes were not clearly defined, lack of organizational change management, and high turnover of employees assigned to the project. Underestimation of implementation timeline made the company believe that they would have a full working system within the specified timeline (Chen, Law, & Yang, 2009). This was never the case as Epicor had estimated the project would have been completed by March 2007, but the project was delayed multiple times. Having provided a scripted demo on the requirements of the system and how the new software should be mapped to the company's business processes, Whaley believed that Epicor understood and had the capability to deliver. The failure to have the software implemented within the specified timeframe caused delays in the business processes as some documents could not be accessed on time, which resulted in lost business for Whaley. The project was initially estimated to cost around $190,000, but it ended up costing...
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...Project Report Research Methods CMP 551-A Fall 2014 Team # 4 Praveen Kumar Chundi #7 Sowmya Eruvuri #8 Nisith Harsha Kondapalli #12 Sudeep Taneti #25 Anuroop Vanam #28 Virginia International University Statement of Research Problem How to choose right technology to best develop a software? How the resulted analysis drive the project? Will the technology supports the system and easy to integrate the different modules? Deciding the Right platform and application development environment to develop a software and doing the right analysis which best develops the system provided the right resources. Selecting the right technology not only helps to best develop the system but also to provide necessary assistance and training for the deployed product later. This coheres the importance of analyzing the technologies before entering the development phase. Many systems fail or delayed because of not selecting the right technology for their projects in different stages like development, data Integration, Support, Training etc. For this we select different software solutions, analyze the problem and the selected technologies to solve that. Observing the development time. Measuring the maintenance costs and support capabilities. Example: A web application for online bus ticket booking system which is developed on different platforms by different software companies or individuals. We collect the information like duration for developing the system, resources and costs for...
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...Errors, Risks, & Failures CIS 324-014 December 16, 2012 Errors, Risks, & Failures Errors, Risks, and Failures occur frequently in computer technology. Some of them are very simple, and others are catastrophic, costing money, time, and sometimes lives. Not all can be completely avoided, but through proper software and hardware design, development and testing, a great deal of them would be decreased. Planning and good software designs are crucial in producing a safe, functional, finished product. When you are building a large software project, you will usually be overwhelmed by the overall complexity. Humans are not good at managing complexity; they are good at finding creative solutions for problems of a specific scope. A basic strategy for reducing complexity to magageable units is to divide a system into parts that are more handy. As you divide the systems into components, and further, components into subcomponents, you will arrive at a level where the complexity is reduced to a single responsibility. (Peters, 2012) I think that if the company doing the development takes the time to really communicate with the customer and find out the specs of the project and then takes the time to devise a good design, it sets up the project to become successful. According to A Gift of Fire, some contributing factors causing computer system errors and failures include, not enough attention paid to possible safety hazards, interaction with physical devices...
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