...Solar Energy Wilmington University Consumer Behavior Abstract This paper will focus exclusively on solar energy as an effective improvement process. The research presented in this paper will examine the issue on hand and reveal the impact it has on companies across the globe. A history of solar power will be discussed as well as the primary types of solar energy that are used today. This paper will also address the cost advantages solar energy provides along with the environmental enhancements and energy reductions that are associated with solar power. In conclusion, this paper will analyze the future of solar power in regards to business and the long term effects this process will have on the world as a whole. Solar energy is an effective improvement process that helps companies save money, reduce their energy output and enhance the environment. The development of solar energy dates back to 400 B.C. when the Greeks built their houses on the side of hills to harness the suns heat. “Native Americans and the ancient Greek built their houses into the side of hills to take advantage of the heat storage from the sun during the day that would then be released during the night.”(historyofsolarpower.com) The Romans also made use of the sun as a natural source of energy by using glass windows to trap the warmth of the sun in their homes and creating the right conditions to grow plants. Even though many previous...
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...3.3 SYSTEM OVERVIEW 3.3.1 INFRARED SENSORS IR Sensors work by using a specific light sensor to detect a select light wavelength in the Infra-Red (IR) spectrum. By using an LED which produces light at the same wavelength as what the sensor is looking for, you can look at the intensity of the received light. When an object is close to the sensor, the light from the LED bounces off the object and into the light sensor. This results in a large jump in the intensity, which we already know can be detected using a threshold. Fig 3.3.1 Working of Infrared Sensors 3.3.2 USB DONGLE A dongle - also called an internet dongle - is a small USB device that is used to access the internet. It can be referred to as a dongle,...
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...Assessing the potential of renewable energy as a primary source for residential college campuses – Evidences from SIC1 PANKAJ CHOUDHARY1, MOHIT LAKHOTIA2, KRISHNAROOP DEY3 and VIRINDER GUPTA4 1Student, MBA, Symbiosis Centre for Management and human resource development (SCMHRD), pankaj_choudhary@scmhrd.edu 2Student, MBA, Symbiosis Centre for Management and human resource development (SCMHRD),, mohit_lakhotia@scmhrd.edu 3Student, MBA, Symbiosis Centre for Management and human resource development (SCMHRD),, krishnaroop_dey@scmhrd.edu 4Student, MBA, Symbiosis Centre for Management and human resource development (SCMHRD), virinder_gupta@scmhrd.edu ABSTRACT This exercise is being conducted at 1Symbiosis Infotech campus (SIC) located in Hinjewadi, Pune, India. The campus is pervaded by a sense of endless space and tranquillity, this picturesque campus is spread over five acres, boasts an academic block which is of international standards and separate hostels for boys and girls along with the accommodation for the faculty. The primary objective of this study is to understand the consumption patterns and identify potential areas for improvement in energy consumption within the residential campus. The study involves making a cost-benefit analysis of present energy sources with respect to renewable energy sources. This will include water electricity along with paper and gas consumption in the campus. This is to assess the potential of running a greener campus .The study proposes...
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...Solar Cell Technology and Applications More free ebooks : http://fast-file.blogspot.com OTHER AUERBACH PUBLICATIONS Advances in Semantic Media Adaptation and Personalization, Volume 2 Marios Angelides ISBN: 978-1-4200-7664-6 Architecting Secure Software Systems Manish Chaitanya and Asoke Talukder ISBN: 978-1-4200-8784-0 Architecting Software Intensive Systems: A Practitioners Guide Anthony Lattanze ISBN: 978-1-4200-4569-7 Business Resumption Planning, Second Edition Leo Wrobel ISBN: 978-0-8493-1459-9 Converging NGN Wireline and Mobile 3G Networks with IMS: Converging NGN and 3G Mobile Rebecca Copeland ISBN: 978-0-8493-9250-4 Delivering Successful Projects with TSPSM and Six Sigma: A Practical Guide to Implementing Team Software ProcessSM Mukesh Jain ISBN: 978-1-4200-6143-7 Designing Complex Systems: Foundations of Design in the Functional Domain Erik Aslaksen ISBN: 978-1-4200-8753-6 The Effective CIO: How to Achieve Outstanding Success through Strategic Alignment, Financial Management, and IT Governance Eric Brown and William Yarberry, Jr. ISBN: 978-1-4200-6460-5 Enterprise Systems Backup and Recovery: A Corporate Insurance Policy Preston Guise ISBN: 978-1-4200-7639-4 Essential Software Testing: A Use-Case Approach Greg Fournier ISBN: 978-1-4200-8981-3 The Green and Virtual Data Center Greg Schulz ISBN: 978-1-4200-8666-9 How to Complete a Risk Assessment in 5 Days or Less Thomas Peltier ISBN: 978-1-4200-6275-5 HOWTO Secure and Audit Oracle 10g and 11g Ron Ben-Natan ISBN:...
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...Energy crisis in Pakistan By Introduction of Energy Crisis in Pakistan:- Energy resources are the backbone of social economic development of any country. It is essential for the production and making of goods and other things like cotton sheets which contributes a lot of revenue in the budget of Pakistan. Energy is essential for running machinery in industrial facilities, industrial devices, lightening the cities and running the system of transport. Now a day there has been a massive improvement in the energy demand because of industrial development, increase in population, an increase in the manufacturing of households and enhancement of living standards. Therefore the demand of power is rapidly growing in the form of electricity, diesel, petrol and coal. As we know the Pakistan’s energy issues are rising because the production of energy is insufficient to meet the growing energy demands of Pakistan, which causes power crisis or an energy crisis in Pakistan. Pin It See all 3 photos Overview of Pakistan's electricity:- Pakistan’s electricity generation facilities are not precisely working well, they even thought to be underdeveloped and inadequately maintained. The regions of Pakistan could be going to face the critical energy problems, because of the weakening economy and rising of the rapidly increasing electricity demand in the course of the prior 10 years. Additionally we cannot see any considerable efforts to meet the demands of these energy problems....
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...Introduction of Energy Crisis in Pakistan:- Energy resources are the backbone of social economic development of any country. It is essential for the production and making of goods and other things like cotton sheets which contributes a lot of revenue in the budget of Pakistan. Energy is essential for running machinery in industrial facilities, industrial devices, lightening the cities and running the system of transport. Now a day there has been a massive improvement in the energy demand because of industrial development, increase in population, an increase in the manufacturing of households and enhancement of living standards. Therefore the demand of power is rapidly growing in the form of electricity, diesel, petrol and coal. As we know the Pakistan’s energy issues are rising because the production of energy is insufficient to meet the growing energy demands of Pakistan, which causes power crisis or an energy crisis in Pakistan. Overview of Pakistan's electricity:- Pakistan’s electricity generation facilities are not precisely working well, they even thought to be underdeveloped and inadequately maintained. The regions of Pakistan could be going to face the critical energy problems, because of the weakening economy and rising of the rapidly increasing electricity demand in the course of the prior 10 years. Additionally we cannot see any considerable efforts to meet the demands of these energy problems. In addition, transmitting failures due to outdated facilities...
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...CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION TO SOLAR ENERGY Fig. 1.1(a) Block Diagram of Photovoltaic System Renewable energy is rapidly gaining importance as an energy resource as fossil fuel prices fluctuate. At the educational level, it is therefore critical for engineering and technology students to have an understanding and appreciation of the technologies associated with renewable energy. One of the most popular renewable energy sources is solar energy. Many researches were conducted to develop some methods to increase the efficiency of Photo Voltaic systems (solar panels). One such method is to employ a solar panel tracking system. This project deals with a microcontroller based solar panel is always able to maintain a perpendicular profile to the sun’s rays. Development of solar panel tracking systems has been ongoing for several years now. As the sun moves across the sky during the day, it is advantageous to have the solar panels track the location of the sun, such that the panels are always perpendicular to the solar energy radiated by the sun. This will tend to maximize the amount of power absorbed by the PV systems. It has been estimated that the use of a tracking system, over a fixed system, can increase the power output by 30%-60%. The increase is significant enough to make tracking a viable preposition despite of the enhancement in system cost. It is possible to align the tracking heliostat normal to sun using electronic...
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...Clean Technology: A greener aspect to development Institute of Business Administration University of Dhaka 1 Economics of Geography and Environment (G101) Clean Technology: a greener aspect to development Clean Technology: A greener aspect to development Prepared for: Dr. A. M. M. Amanat Ullah Khan Professor, Department of Geography and Environment University of Dhaka Prepared by: Ahamed Najeeb Rahman ZR-74 Tasnia Azim Choudhury RH-76 M. Samiul Haque ZR-84 Jidny Rubaiyat Shoummo ZR-85 Zahin Azad Moslem ZR-121 BBA 20th Date of Submission: June 15, 2012 Institute of Business Administration University of Dhaka 2 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL 15 June, 2012. Dr. A. M. M. Amanat Ullah Khan Course Instructor Economics of Geography and Environment University of Dhaka Subject: Letter of transmittal for Economics of Geography and Environment course termpaper. Dear Sir, Here is the report which you asked us to submit for the requirement of our undergraduate course- Economics of Geography and Environment (G101). The title of the report is “Clean technology: a greener aspect to development”, which is a descriptive analysis of how Green Technology works and can help the environment. This report has been prepared under your authorization. Without your permission, no part of this report can or will be revealed. This report never has been, and never will be, reproduced for any other IBA course. We sincerely hope that you we were able to fulfil the course requirement...
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...Chinese Energy Market Michael Alexander Landon Bunn Thomas Burrus Benjamin Duva Marcela Horan Table of Contents: Executive Summary…………………………………………Page 3 Demand for Energy…………………………………………Page 4 Coal and China…………………………………………………Page 6 Solar Energy in China………………………………Page 8 Competition…………………………………………………………Page 9 U.S./China Relations………………………………Page 10 Recommendations……………………………………………Page 14 Joint Ventures………………………………………………Page 15 References…………………………………………………………Page 17 Executive summary As the nation with the world’s largest population moves towards an industry focused on consumer products, the need for an abundant supply of energy becomes essential. While coal and oil are the current sources of energy, concerns about the quantity available and environmental problems force officials in China to look elsewhere for the country’s energy. Nuclear, wind, and hydroelectric power are all options in this field, but solar energy seems to be the most promising. This paper researches the history of energy demand in China and the potential of solar energy. By providing information about competition, the relations between China and the U.S., and methods of entry, we hope to give insight to those interested in entering the Chinese Energy Market. Demand for Energy in China Figure [ 1 ] From the 1940s to the 80s, the Chinese economy grew from an output level of 18% to 44%, while the amount of energy required to match the economic output tripled. This created an...
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...Methodology 2 1.5 Limitations 2 2.0 What is Green Technology 3 3.0 Prominent Examples of green Technology 7 3.1 Solar Energy 7 3.2 Biofuels 15 3.3 Green Building 21 4.0 Conclusion 33 ii Economics of Geography and Environment (G101) Clean Technology: a greener aspect to development SUMMARY In a world of rapid growth, both in terms of economy and population, human beings have sought to influence the environment around them for a better, more efficient and easier life. The resources that we have used up from the environment have often been nonrenewable and in our heedless march to glorious comfort, we have ignored the consequences of the effect that we are having on the world we live in. With the results of our negative impact on nature coming around to haunt us, there have been a rising global awareness and movement to better ourselves. Green technology is a major part of it. Green technology is the application of the environmental science to conserve the natural environment and resources, and to curb the negative impacts of human involvement. The main idea behind green technology is to provide sustainable growth. That is, using resources from the Earth in a renewable fashion. The following report outlines some aspects of green technology and discusses three main ideas: Solar energy, Green Buildings, Biofuels. In the report, it has been discussed how each of these technologies are environmentfriendly, how...
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...online) The impact of ethics on business needs to be seen as positive. Corporations that are purely profit driven will not see this positivity as they perceive that ethics limits them to do business as they wish. One thing they must bear in mind is that consumers are more savvy and educated now and respect organizations that practice business in an ethical way and support these organizations wholeheartedly. Ethics drives business to conduct itself in a right and moral way ensuring that no one (society, environment and industry) is harmed. The ethical issues in the extract that need to be discussed and addressed are the topics surrounding the use of fossil fuels as a source of energy for power, the implementation of green energy via solar power, the gaps within the consumer society’s wealth and how can everyone benefit from any changes that may be implemented. The affordability of and ease of access to fossil fuels makes it extremely attractive for the masses that fall into...
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...represented by the wind and solar energy ones as a supplementary energy resource. The solar based one is the more attractive because it is characterized by being free, incur no fuel cost, abundant, limits less, distributed all over the world, pollution free, and require little maintenance. Maximizing power output from a solar system is desirable to increase efficiency and in order to maximize power output from the solar panels, one need to keep the panels aligned with the sun. As such, a means of tracking the sun is required. Efficient collection of maximum solar irradiance (MSI) on a flat plate type photovoltaic solar panels or a cylindrical parabolic solar reflector requires adjustments of two parameters of the energy collecting surface namely the angle of Azimuth, and the angle of tilt, of the surface to be illuminated. As the elevation angle of the sun remains almost invariant in a month and varies little (latitude + 100) in a year, there is no need for automatic adjustment of the tilt angle. Everyday, the sun rises in the east, moves across the sky and sets in the west. If one could get a solar panel to turn and look at the sun all day hours, then it could receive the maximum amount of sunlight possible and convert it into the more useful energy (electricity). The current of the solar module is very sensitive to the Isolation of the sun. Small tilt in the solar module makes the current drop rapidly. It has been estimated that the yield from solar panels can be increases by...
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...ARTICLES PUBLISHED ONLINE: 18 MAY 2015 | DOI: 10.1038/NNANO.2015.89 Black silicon solar cells with interdigitated back-contacts achieve 22.1% efficiency Hele Savin1*, Päivikki Repo1, Guillaume von Gastrow1, Pablo Ortega2, Eric Calle2, Moises Garín2 and Ramon Alcubilla2 The nanostructuring of silicon surfaces—known as black silicon—is a promising approach to eliminate front-surface reflection in photovoltaic devices without the need for a conventional antireflection coating. This might lead to both an increase in efficiency and a reduction in the manufacturing costs of solar cells. However, all previous attempts to integrate black silicon into solar cells have resulted in cell efficiencies well below 20% due to the increased charge carrier recombination at the nanostructured surface. Here, we show that a conformal alumina film can solve the issue of surface recombination in black silicon solar cells by providing excellent chemical and electrical passivation. We demonstrate that efficiencies above 22% can be reached, even in thick interdigitated back-contacted cells, where carrier transport is very sensitive to front surface passivation. This means that the surface recombination issue has truly been solved and black silicon solar cells have real potential for industrial production. Furthermore, we show that the use of black silicon can result in a 3% increase in daily energy production when compared with a reference cell with the same efficiency, due to its better angular...
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...wind energy systems are being researched and developed in leading countries of the world. Learning about the engineering principles that take place in the behavior of a floating wind energy system would be the first step towards the implementation of such an engineering masterpiece in less developed countries. Since wind has been the fastest growing source of energy generation in the world through the 1990s, according to the US Department of Energy, the 21st century is the moment for an aggressive initiative to accelerate the progress of wind technology and introduce the country into an improved environmental quality. Japan is one of the most involved countries in exploring floating offshore wind technology. The Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry was a pioneering entity that funded the “Fukushima Wind Project”, a pilot project led by Marubeni Co. with research and support from several public and private organizations. New offshore wind farms are expected to be developed in the upcoming years, projects such as Kashima, Shimonoseki and Mutsuogawara are planned to be held in the prefectures of Ibaraki, Yamaguchi and Aomori, respectively. Such innovative developments have made it imperative that the young professionals of my country make a...
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...Nano technology in the automotive industry:- ABSTRACT What is Nanotechnology? Nanotechnology is the engineering of materials on the scale of 1 nanometer (nm) to 100 nm, a nanometer being 1 billionth of a meter. At this level, the basic physical laws governing macro objects undergo a drastic change. A macro particle is a cluster of atoms arranged together in random order. The formation of the structure is left to nature, and control over the properties of the material is difficult. Nanotechnology, on the other hand, is a bottom-up approach where materials are created by placing individual atoms together. This decreases the randomness in the structural formation, enabling significant control over the properties of the material. Mechanical properties such as strength, ductility, and resilience can all be incorporated into one material. Currently, nanotechnology is functioning as an enabling technology. It is being used to enhance the properties of existing materials. This is largely attributed to the fact that the technology has clearly not been understood and there is still much more to nanotechnology than meets the microscopic eye. It is rare for a single technology to have the power to dramatically influence almost every major industry in the world. Nanotechnology falls into this category and offers fundamentally new capabilities to architect a broad array of novel materials, composites and structures on a molecular scale. This technology has the potential to drastically...
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