Bander Bahri
BA 601
Chatman & Cha Reading Summary

The article talks about how good culture in the working environment and the level of employees understand and work with that culture can be very good reason for company’s success. Then it defines culture as the system of shared values and norms, and it talked about how good cultures in the working environment can affect employees’ performance in a very good way.
The author talked about the difference between the culture’ norms and values in a company compared to formal rules and policies. Customer services, quality in service and innovation will be a part of the organization’s culture, not a part of its policies and formal rules. The article also provided some example and comparisons between Macys and Nordstrom and the difference between their cultures and their customers’ values. There was a discussion of what makes cultures strong, and the author said that high level of agreement among employees about what is valued and high levels of intensity about these values are the two factors. Innovation is a powerful tool for organizations to create effective cultures in their organizations, where companies must hire create people and manager have to be innovative in order to motivate employees. The author talked about the main three tools for managers to use culture in leadership and to manage and change cultures. The first tool was to choose and select employees who can fit your culture and your job requirements. The second tool was to manage company’s culture by establishing training programs and socializing new and current employees. The third tool is to establish reward systems for employees who do better jobs in order to manage the company’s culture. Lastly, the article talked about the cons of culture when managers fail to send the proper message of culture’s goals to their employees, then it