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La convivencia entre distintas culturas
Primero debemos entender que es la cultura: La cultura es un término muy general, pero mayoritariamente se refiere a las distintas formas de vida, de lengua y religión de distintos grupos sociales.
Una vez establecido esto, podemos empezar a abarcar el tema de un conflicto cultural: Un conflicto es cuando una serie de individuos con distintas formas de vida intentan unir sus culturas. Es decir, cuando dos culturas distintas se ven forzadas, por las razones que sean, a convivir.
Para entenderlo mejor pongamos un ejemplo:
Hoy en día hay mucha emigración a Francia, muchos magrebíes y gente del norte de África, como marroquíes. Hay ocasiones en las que estos emigrantes no saben cómo adaptarse y además, el gobierno del país de destino, en este caso Francia, no les acoge de buena manera.
A partir de estos surgen diferentes tipos de convivencias entre culturas, las hay buenas, las hay malas, las que se integran con otras, las que no lo hacen y las que olvidan sus raíces para integrarse en otra cultura diferente.
El multiculturalismo
El multiculturalismo se refiere a una cultura que se mantiene aparta de las demás, respetan sus creencias y demás, pero no pretenden ni quieren integrarse. Un claro ejemplo de esto son los Amish.
Los Amish, un grupo de gente etnorreligioso cristiano anabaptista, se instauraron cerca de la costa este de los estados unidos. Se caracterizan por un estilo de vida apartado de la sociedad, sencillo y muy atrasado, con respecto a las nuevas tecnologías. Viven apartados de nuestra sociedad, no utilizan coches ni electricidad. Son como familias del siglo XIX, utilizan caballos para moverse, los hombres deben llevar barba, no aceptan la seguridad social, tampoco se dejan fotografiar ni toman fotografías.
A pesar de estas diferencias los Amish y las personas que viven en las ciudades, de acuerdo a su tiempo, viven en paz. Hay gente que se extraña al verlos, pero por lo general no suelen haber conflictos ni nada por el estilo. Los Amish se mantienen al margen y viven su vida. Si nadie les molesta ellos no molestan a nadie.
La mala convivencia entre diferentes culturas
Israel y Palestina:
El mundo está lleno de gente; individuos con diferentes culturas, religiones, lenguas, ideas y nacionalidades. Hay, por lo tanto, gran diversidad, la cual ayuda a las personas a abrir su mente y entender y acercarse a todas aquellas personas ‘diferentes’ a nosotros. Pero no todo el mundo lo ve así, muchas culturas que se ven obligadas a vivir en territorios cercanos a otras, piensan de forma diferente. La convivencia entre diferentes culturas lleva muchas veces a divergencias y conflictos.
Israel y palestina no siempre fueron hostiles, de hecho, vivieron en paz durante un largo periodo de tiempo. El origen de esta amargura y hostilidad es bastante reciente; después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, los estados vencedores otorgaron una pequeña parte de Israel a los Judíos, pero este territorio estaba mayoritariamente habitado por palestinos, de religión musulmana. Los árabes se oponían a la integración judía a un territorio que, en teoría, pertenecía a los árabes, por ello, muchos estados árabes se unieron y atacaron a Israel, para intentar echar a los judíos; sin embargo, los grandes estados árabes fueron derrotados por Israel, aunque cabe decir que Los Estados Unidos de América fueron la base de esa victoria. Todo esto ocurrió en el siglo pasado, pero sigue habiendo mucha hostilidad entre Israel y los países árabes vecinos.
Desde el año 2000 los atentados de árabes a israelíes (judíos) no han parado, tanto por parte de los árabes, lanzando bombas que aniquilan a la población judía; como por parte de los Judíos, los cuales tienen mucho más dinero y mejor armamento que los Árabes, lo que hace sus misiles y bombas mucho mas mortíferos.
El peor conflicto hasta ahora entre musulmanes y judíos tuvo lugar en la Franja de Gaza, donde los israelís atacaron para, en teoría, debilitar las actividades terroristas y la capacidad militar de Hamas y también, como una respuesta a un ataque Palestino a civiles israelíes. Casi mil quinientos palestinos murieron, la gran mayoría eran civiles ya que muchas, por no decir casi todas, de las bombas cayeron en edificios residenciales, masacrando a la población y destrozando la infraestructura de la ciudad.
Es triste pensar que los seres humanos podamos llegar a tales extremos. La hostilidad entre estos países comenzó básicamente por la ocupación del territorio palestino y la necesidad del pueblo judío por asentarse en una tierra que sea suya, de la que no les pueda echar. Pero los ataques se han intensificado y a las razones de guerra y terrorismo se le añaden razones religiosas y culturales.

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