... ESE 631 Week 1 Assignment Special Education Law Review.doc ESE 631 Week 1 DQ 1 LRE and FAPE.doc ESE 631 Week 1 DQ 2 Importance of IEP.doc ESE 631 Week 2 Assignment Adapting Lesson Plans for an Inclusive Classroom.doc ESE 631 Week 2 DQ 1 Compare and Contrast LD and CD.doc ESE 631 Week 2 DQ 2 Response to Intervention.doc ESE 631 Week 2 Journal Educator Reflections.doc ESE 631 Week 3 Assignment Accommodation Support Plan.doc ESE 631 Week 3 DQ 1 Emotional Disorders.doc ESE 631 Week 3 DQ 2 ADD ADHD Characteristics and Accommodations.doc ESE 631 Week 4 Assignment Research Paper.doc ESE 631 Week 4 DQ 1 Planning for Students with Intellectual Disabilities.doc ESE 631 Week 4 DQ 2 Supporting Students with Physical Impairments.doc ESE 631 Week 5 DQ 1 Families and Autism.doc ESE 631 Week 5 DQ 2 Transition and Self-Determination.doc ESE 631 Week 6 DQ 1 Sensory Impairments.doc ESE 631 Week 6 DQ 2 Diverse Learners and Differentiated Instruction.doc ESE 631 Week 6 Final Paper Professional Presentation.ppt ESE 631 Week 6 Journal Course Reflections.doc Business - General Business LRE and FAPE . Please read the article “Least Restrictive Environment: How Do We Prepare Both Our Special Educators and Our General Educators to Comply with the Provision?” (Keuhne, 1998). According to IDEA, what do the terms Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) and Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) mean? How does inclusion...
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...Introduction to Special Education, Law, & Legal Issues, Policies & Procedures. Study Guide The study guide shows you how to move through the SPED Law and Legal issues Course in six weeks. You will want to tailor the weekly activities to your personal schedule and time commitment. Section Read View Study Activities Getting Ready to Pass Be sure you can access: 1. Course of Study (COS) 2. Learning Resources: Vital Source Text: Henley, M. R., Ramsey, R. S., & Algozzine, R. F. (2009). Characteristics of and strategies for teaching students with mild disabilities (6th ed.) UWillTeach Courses 3. External Websites: ParentCenter Hub IRIS Resource Locator 1. Watch the Welcome Video 2. Review the course competencies: Historical and Philosophical Foundations of Special Education Professional and ethical Practice Characteristics of Individuals with exceptional Learning Needs Special Education Law and Ethical Issues Special Education Policies and Procedure Connect with Course Mentors Email links: Dr. Amy Hughes x4920 Dr. Lynn Renz Brogan x4110 Set up a binder or online writing space for your Special Education Resource Manual Section Read View Study Activities Section 1 Historical Overview: Societal and Historical Issues, Landmark Court Cases and Laws Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) TEXT: Characteristics of Teaching Students with Mild Disabilities (Vital Source) Read: ...
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...Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Diversity and Inclusion FDT 4/5 Natalie C. Miller May 4, 2012 Western Governors University Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Before Congress enacted the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, an underserved number of children in the United States living with disabilities received a fair education. The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (PL 94-142) enabled states to provide for and improve the availability of an education for individuals with disabilities. Renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (PL 101-476) or IDEA in 1990 (Allen and Cowdery, 2009) the amended Act authorizes a Free Appropriate Public Education for children with disabilities from birth to 21 years of age. Since 1990, amendments to IDEA now include changes to how the Individualized Education Programs are implemented; funding is appropriated; identification and determination of children with disabilities; due process procedures for parents of children with disabilities; and the effectiveness of educational services for children with disabilities. This paper will summarize the various changes to IDEA since the acts inception, and the guidelines and steps needed to create an IEP. Six Key Components of the Original 1975 IDEA The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1975 mandates states and public schools provide a “Free-Appropriate Public Education” to students with disabilities...
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...Literature Review Kendall Powell Liberty University Abstract This paper includes a reference list of literature relating to early intervention and children with special needs. In general, the literature seems to indicate that early intervention makes a impact on the success of children with disabilities when entering school. They perform to the abilities to that of their typically developing peers. Intervention programs are set up to help children and families. The articles research the affects of these programs on children with disabilities. Introduction The purpose of this review is to further understand early intervention and its role in special education. I wanted to study this topic because it is something I work with on a daily basis. The idea for my research came about during a staff meeting with the institute’s new president. As the president was asking questions and getting to know the staff and workings of the institute, the statement that the students who leave here are not as prepared for kindergarten when they leave here as they have been in the past. As a teacher this troubled me because isn’t the point of prekindergarten to prepare a child for kindergarten? If the typically developing peers aren’t prepared for kindergarten what does that mean for the students with disabilities? Are they farther behind or are they the ones being prepared to move forward in their education? With these questions in mind I wanted to see how an early intervention program...
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... 1. Free and Appropriate Public Education This mandate states that every child, abled and disabled, must be provided a free and appropriate public education. (Gargiulo, 2006) 2. Least Restrictive Environment This mandate states that if a mainstream classroom is conducive to a child’s individual needs they must be educated with children without disabilities. Every effort must be made to be inclusive of a child with disabilities in a regular classroom setting alongside children with disabilities. (Gargiulo, 2006) 3. Individualized Education Plan Upon identification of a child’s disability, an individualized education plan (IEP) must be written. These IEP’s must be updated or developed annually by a team of professionals, with input from the parents and, if appropriate, the student. The IEP must include measures of the student’s current educational level, identifiable goals for the year, methods in which evaluation of goals will occur, specific special education services needed, level of mainstream inclusion or reasoning for exclusion from mainstream class, changes necessary in comparison to mainstream education, projected timeline to initiate services and/or duration of services, and annual evaluation of progress made by student on the IEP. (Gargiulo, 2006) 4. Procedural Due Process This mandate is designed to ensure that parents and students, if appropriate, are involved in each aspect of their education. This ensures that parents are involved...
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...them. The importance of education for the common good has since shifted from primary local control to state and national control. The federal government and national organizations are basically focusing all their attention on grades k-12 public education. Major issues include the purpose and role of the federal government in education, funding, and the extent to which the federal government should play a role in public education. Federal funding currently averages about 10% of local school budgets. The federal government's 10-year budget outlook is bleak, and its longer-term outlook is even more dismal, driven by growth in health care costs. State and local government budgets will slowly recover from the effects of the recent recession, but will continue to have structural problems. Each of the three major revenue sources income, sales, and property taxes are candidates for reform. On the spending side, health care and education will dominate at the state and local level, while controlling entitlement spending is the main federal challenge. The defining characteristic of public budgeting is that it involves a continual struggle between the demands placed on government to respond to societal problems and the desires of citizens and the capacity of governments to finance those responses. (Public Budgeting in 2020: Return to Equilibrium, or Continued Mismatch between Demands and Resources? By: Joyce, Philip G., Pattison, Scott, Public Administration Review (Washington, D.C.), 00333352...
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...<Faculty comments here> ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- <Faculty Name> <Grade Earned> <Date Graded> Special Education Service Delivery and Federal Law Sherry Maxey Northcentral University Special Education Service Delivery and Federal Law The federal laws which are designed to create Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) for all students have provided guidelines on establishing a “Least Restrictive Environment” (LRE), with a focus on students whom have special needs (What is idea?, 2014, para. 4-5). These laws such as Education for all Handicapped Children (EHCA) enacted in 1975, and the Individuals with Disability Act of 2004 (IDEA) furnished instructions, programs, and support to educators for assisting exceptional students with their behavioral and learning skills/challenges in the classroom (Blackwell & Rossetti, 2014, p. 1). In this paper, an administration implementation of the IDEA 2004 federal law in a school district that does not have a continuum program for exceptional students will be addressed. Factors such as assessment structures, modifications, response to interventions, individual education plans and other practices/policies will be explored in the following school district, to include what was accomplished administratively to establish an educational system of inclusion in accordance with...
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...the 1975 PL 94-142, Education for All Handicapped Children Act (now known as IDEA – Individuals with Disabilities Education Act). 1. FAPE Stands for Free Appropriate Public Education. There shall be a "zero reject" philosophy meaning that all children, regardless of their disability and the severity of the disability, will be provided with a free education that is tailored to their individual needs. Children will receive the necessary therapy needed at no cost to them or their families. 2. LRE Stand for Least Restrictive Environment. Children with disabilities must be placed in a classroom to be educated with students without disabilities. Placement in classrooms will be consistent with the child's needs. 3. IEP Stands for Individualized Education Program. This is a document put together that tailors to each individual's with exceptional needs. The IEP will address the present level of academically functioning, the degree at which the individual will be able to participate in general education programs, plans for initiating services, and an annual evaluation procedure specifying objective criteria to determine if instructional objectives are being made. 4. Procedural Due Process. Schools must provide due process safeguards to protect the rights of the children with disabilities and their families. Parent consent must be given for the initial and all of the following evaluations and placement decisions when it comes to special education. Schools must maintain...
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...the government and social services to improve the wellbeing of society. There are five main areas influenced by social policies derived to improve services for the classic welfare state namely, education, housing, social security, health and social work. Social policy is intimately concerned with how to address and ameliorate social problems and with the analysis of the success or failure of policies designed to improve welfare and wellbeing (Alcock et all. 2008:2-3) Historically social policy can be seen as far back as 1388 when “attempts were made to fix wages and to limit the mobility of labour which may cause wages to rise” (Alcock, 2008:9) a more methodical system of poor relief was introduced in Victorian times, the Elizabethan Poor Law Acts of 1598 and 1601 to house and provide work for the poor under the direction of local parishes. Following this the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 set the foundations for social policy and the modern welfare state today by changing the way that poor law was dealt with, it was streamlined into universal laws and principles that towards the end of the 18th century prompted formation of the English government. The states role is consolidated in an attempt to redefine the Poor Law on the basis of universal laws and principles; it is here then that we can discern the foundations of the modern ‘welfare state’…although not the first instance of the involvement of the state in the welfare of its citizens, represents...
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...power structure of society is strengthened by the force of tradition ,values,history and by the prevalent ways of thinking and behaving.Any effort to change the balance of power entails change in the existing power structure. Women's empowerment is the process by which women negotiate a more equitable distribution of power , a greater space in the critical decision making processes in the home ,in the community and in the economic and political life.The aim of empowerment of women is the fuller and wholesome development of both men and women. Empowerment of women is anti-men.It is against patriarchy.Changes in law pertaining to marriage ,property,sexual harassment ,dowry,rape and other forms of violence,so as to bring in laws favouring or supporting women's empowerment are necessary but not enough.Enabling women to actually access to the benefits of appropriate laws is the key task of the empowerment process. The process of empowerment which seeks an equitable and active share for women has to deal with the burden of ideas and values which are passed on to women as part of their socialisation process from their very childhood.This social conditioning becomes part of her person and mindset and influences her behaviour.The empowerment process must begin with women changing their own ways of thinking and behaving .They must try to appreciate themselves more and to recognise and value their knowledge and skills and their contribution of the sustainability of the households and...
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...A Case Study Comparison of Charter and Traditional Schools in New Orleans Recovery School District: Selection Criteria and Service Provision for Students with Disabilities By Copyright 2008 Nikki L. Wolf B.S., Northwest Missouri State University, 1985 Submitted to the Department of Special Education and the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Dissertation Committee: _____________________________ Chairperson _____________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Dissertation defended: April 28, 2008 3336479 Copyright 2008 by Wolf, Nikki L. All rights reserved 2008 3336479 The Dissertation Committee for Nikki L. Wolf certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: A Case Study Comparison of Charter and Traditional Schools in New Orleans Recovery School District: Selection Criteria and Service Provision for Students with Disabilities __________________________ Chairperson Date approved _________________ ii ABSTRACT In post-Katrina New Orleans, there is a growing concentration of charter schools. The Recovery School District (RSD) has oversight for the majority of these schools. To explore charges from community advocates that RSD charter schools restricted admission and provided inadequate services for students with disabilities...
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...PL 94-142 of 1975 was the first piece of legislation mandating appropriate and free education for students with disabilities. “Federal legislation, such as PL 94-142, served as a tool for the government to provide improved and equalized learning opportunities for all students and to bring qualified people into special education” ( Kirk, Gallagher, & Anastasia, 2000, 71). There are six key components under this act. Zero Reject The first component states that all children, regardless of ability, are guaranteed a free and appropriate public education. This stands for FAPE. This requires schools to serve children ages 3-21. A child may not be excluded from a school district just because the district feels that they are too disabled to learn. This is at no cost to the parents. Zero Reject includes providing classroom instruction or providing transportation for the disabled child. Nondiscriminatory Identification and Evaluation The second component has two purposes. The first one is to actually determine if the student has a disability and the second is to be able to determine whether the student requires special education and to what extent. The evaluation test given to the student must be administered in the child’s primary language. It must be given by a qualified person and molded to fit the specific needs of the child. Therefore, it cannot just be an IQ test. Individualized Education Program An IEP should be written for every student with an identified disability....
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...Jennifer Kerns SPE-350 Special Education Litigation and Law Discovering the Relationship Between the Law and Your School (Benchmark Assessment August 5, 2014 Nancy Hooper Discovering the Relationship Between the Law and Your School (Benchmark Assessment) For this Benchmark I had to research the law and how it is applied to special education issues that were covered in this class.. I looked at my state departments of educations website to view the laws of my state of Oklahoma and Texas and Arkansas to see how they cover special education issues. I had also had to interview a lawyer who is well-versed in school law. I interviewed Ms. Andrea Kunkel, she was a wealth of information. She is well-versed in Special Education law, she was an attorney at Rosenstein, Fist and Ringold, where she represented Oklahoma Public Schools. She handled many Due Process Cases, she advised school staff on their legal responsibilities under the Section 504, Title II of the ADA and IDEA. She also was the legal advisor of the Oklahoma Directors of Special Services and is now the staff attorney of CCOSA (Cooperative Council of Oklahoma School, where she is currently training school administrators on special education law and issues and is the liaison to ODSS group. The first topic we discussed was how has the legal system evolved, as it applies to special education, over the past 20 years, and how has that affected the legal framework for special education today? Ms. Kunkel said that...
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...| | Individual with Disabilities Education Act Litigation Every person is different and every person learns in a different way or style and every person deserves the opportunity to an education. This could justify need for differentiation but could it also justify a need for a special education program? To answer the question pose, first we have to answer why there is a need for a special education program? Horace Mann explains it more eloquently; he says “education, then, beyond all other devices of human origin, is the great equalizer of the conditions of men, the balance wheel of the social machinery”. Personally, I feel this quote explains the need for special education. Educating students with disabilities levels the playing field with their peers and enhancing the studies of those children with special gifts and talents advances their learning. Students with learning disabilities should be educated in the least restrictive environment, those gifted should be among peers with similar strengths and all their abilities and inabilities should be accommodated. Special education is the legal definition of programs that provide greater support for certain students and is sometimes referred to as (EC). Exceptional students does not refer to a specific location or fixed concept, however, to include a broader range of services from a smaller individualized learning environments, to assistive technology, and/or a modified curriculum that capitalizes on student’s...
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...Introduction During the past three decades, federal mandates regarding services for children with disabilities experienced many iterations as the population and identification practices increased each year (Parrish, 2011). With the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Griffith (2015) explained that the federal government placed additional educational requirements on school districts regarding students with disabilities. Although the federal government provides some funding for these mandated services, McCann (2014) noted that state and local taxpayers cover the remaining cost to educate students with disabilities. McCann (2014) explained that communities and local districts must provide a free and appropriate public education...
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