...3 Comparison of his Speeches 4 Conclusion 5 References 6 Introduction Steve Jobs was an American inventor and cofounder of Apple Incorporation. He is widely regarded as one of the most successful communicator in business world. Analysis of his speeches would be a wonderful opportunity to learn about public speaking and skills required to be an effective communicator. Simplicity was a key feature of his speeches. If some part of speech had too much information, he used to divide it into smaller points so that audience can fully understand application of his ideas. His 2005’ commencement speech at Stanford University is cited as one of the most effective speeches and it is a good example to analyze communication style and skills employed in public speaking. The second speech analyzed in this critical analysis report is his iPhone introduction speech of 2007. This speech is quite long but it revolutionized smartphone industry of the world. Its impact was much larger than other speeches given by business leaders. To discuss communication style, skills and effectiveness, many of Mr. Job’s skills were researched for this report. But his commencement speech and iPhone introduction speeches are the primary source of this report. Commencement speech has more than 21 million views on YouTube. Same is true for his iPhone introduction speech so it would be fair to say that Steve Job has lot more audience (in millions) rather than only those present in his speeches. Communication Style...
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...Speakers envision a positive or changed outcome of an event, one that may not eventuate into reality, however imbue a message into realms of inspiration provides, hope and understanding for those engaged. Political democrats Aung San Suu Kyi and Anwar Sadat both explore the prospect for peace, equality and tolerance within the conflicts that were current to the time of their delivery. The speech ‘Keynote Address at the Beijing World Conference on Women’ 1995, and ‘Statement to the Knesset’ 1977, reveal to responders the power of speeches to correlate the actual and the possible through a promotion of ethical values, unity and hope. Aung San Suu Kyi, the leader of the National League for Democracy conveys the impact of barriers between tolerance, and conflict. Her speech addresses not only those at the Beijing conference, but the international community to urge for gender equality and tolerance. Aung San Suu Kyi informs that 1995 is the “International year for Tolerance" to directly engage her audience. With her appeal Kyi’s political passions are highlighted in her critical assertion, “insecure people tend to be intolerant…where there is no security there can be no lasting peace.” This contrast confronts the impediment of political tensions, claiming through the anaphora of “it is want”, “it is fear” that liberation from political desires can achieve peace. Thus her speech is integral to not only the Burmese democratic issue in 1995, but upon reflection of the ongoing obstacles...
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...RECOMMENDATIONS 5. SPEECH 6. CONCLUSION 7. REFERENCES 1. INTRODUCTION During the course of Leadership Development, it has often been mentioned that to lead people, the leader must motivate his followers, and one of the likely methods is to give the people a speech. To give a speech requires certain skills. Some people have these skills naturally, think of some of the great leaders in history, like Churchill and Hitler, and the way that they spoke to the people and motivated them. These skills can also be learned and every person can give a good speech if he or she follows a few simple guidelines. In the following few chapters I will attempt to discuss these guidelines. I will cover the three different steps in speeches, the planning, the writing and the delivery. Discipline in following these steps, and confidence will make it possible for the novice to give a successful speech. 2. PREPERATION 2.1. Foundations. Often, when one starts to prepare there is the urge to take a pen and paper and to start writing the speech. This is very often the wrong way to start a speech. Planning the speech forms an important step in the preparation of the speech. To not plan a speech could lead to re-writing the speech and will waste time. Through careful planning and preparation, you will answer all the questions and doubts about your speech before they arise. The contents of your speech, and how you deliver it, are based on three important factors:...
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...Pre-oxygenation in the obese patient: effects of position on tolerance to apnoea ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Abstract Background. In obese patients, reduced functional residual capacity exacerbated by supine position might decrease the effectiveness of pre-oxygenation and the tolerance to apnoea. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of body posture during pre-oxygenation, sitting or supine, on its effectiveness in obese patients. Methods. Forty obese patients (BMI ≥35 kg m−2) undergoing surgery with general anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group 1 (sitting, n=20) or Group 2 (supine, n=20). In the predetermined body position, pre-oxygenation was achieved with eight deep breaths within 60 s and an oxygen flow of 10 litre min−1. After rapid sequence induction of anesthesia in decubitus position, the trachea was intubated and the patient was left apneic and disconnected from the anesthesia circuit until SpO2 decreased to 90%. The time taken for desaturation to 90% from the end of induction of anesthesia was recorded. Arterial blood oxygen tension was measured before (baseline) and after pre-oxygenation. Values were compared with two-way ANOVA and unpaired Student's t-test. Results. Oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions were similar between groups, both at baseline and after pre-oxygenation. However, the mean time to desaturation to 90% was significantly longer in the sitting group...
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...The Comparison in Speeches The arrangement and use of words have a huge role in how the reader or listener will react. Words can influence ones feelings both favorably and unfavorably. During the heart ache and confusion such as December 7, 1941, with the bombing of Pearl Harbor and the attacks of September 11, 2001, two of the nation’s presidents sent out words of sympathy and encouragement in their speeches, in reassurance that the horrible acts that took place would not be tolerated. The famous “Infamy” speech was given by Franklin Delano Roosevelt a day after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. The speech is known by the popular line, “a date which will live in infamy” (Roosevelt). Roosevelt wanted to get an up rise out of the American people, he done this through Charged Language. The Speech was a persuasive piece that’s purpose was to gain a war declaration. Roosevelt combined facts with rhetorical technique to produce a strong argument to convince congressional representatives and the American people that military action should be taken in response to Japans attack. Connotation was also used throughout his speech. For example, “But always will our whole nation remember the character of the onslaught against us” (Roosevelt). Through out the speech, Roosevelt made clear Japan had deceived the untied stated and could not be trusted. “ Yesterday, December 7, 19941, a date which will live in infamy, the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked...
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...dimensions of speech such as sounds, gestures, syntax, rhetoric, meanings, speech acts, moves, strategies and turns. In this paper our main focus is on the rhetoric of a speech. As we know where rhetoric is concerned we should inevitably deal with literature. In other words rhetoric is like a joint which connect literature with politics and establish a method of analyzing political speeches called polio-linguistic approach. Thus we can consider political discourses as pieces of literature. Literary techniques especially rhetorical devices serve as one of the most distinctive features of the greatest and most influential speeches of all time. There is no shortage of rhetorical devices used in these speeches, but we can prioritize them by count of repetitions in political discourses. In this study first I have represented the necessity of using these types of persuasive skills in political discourses, the methods within which politicians take advantages of these skills and the different sides of a successful speech. Then after a glance through different rhetorical devices, excerpts from four of the greatest speeches in history are provided with the rhetorical devices indicated in them. Finally a quite deep examination of the most important of these rhetorical devices is presented and the conclusion is made through comparing these samples. The primary purpose of every presenter or rhetorician is to grab people`s attention. After that he/ she needs to convey people`s thoughts and beliefs...
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...Impromptu Speeches Colorado Christian University July 9, 2011 Impromptu Speeches When it comes to public speaking, there are several topics I could speak to with little or no preparation. These topics would be related to things I am very familiar with and have a great depth of knowledge. These topics would be related to my work, as it is a subject I am extremely familiar with. Planning, accountability, and effective delegation are just some of the topics that I would be very comfortable speaking about with no preparation. I have reached the current state of familiarity with these topics based of years of experience and getting to practice these subjects on a daily basis over an extended amount of time. These are topics which would be easy to speak about, from and informative and persuasive perspective. There is a lot of factual information that can be delivered with these topics about how to use a planner, how tasks should be prioritized based on urgency, the ability to lead others… things of that nature. This can also be approached from a persuasive standpoint by explaining how these tactics can help the audience. By relating personal experiences on success and how these topics have helped me succeed, will persuade the audience. The best way I can replicate this for future speeches, is to ensure my depth of knowledge on the given subject is at a level to which would allow me to feel comfortable when speaking about it. I would also need to feel comfortable...
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...Solvakia Lemon Public Speaking 210-50 Informative Speech September 7, 2011 Chapter 5: Listening to Speeches Listening is an important part of the communication process. It is stated as being the active processing of the information we receive. How well you listen has a major impact on the quality of your relationships with others. Listening is a skill which everyone can benefit from improvement. A great deal of our communication process is devoted to listening. Chapter five focuses on improving your listening skills with suggestions and principles and also identifies barriers that keep people from listening at peak efficiency. In this essay, we will go over all key points and terms that will help you become an effective listener. To become an effective listener we first need to develop certain skills that can be used in stages to guide us through the process. Effective listening involves selecting, attending to, understanding, and remembering the meaning behind the message. The goal as a public speaker is to develop and deliver a speech that audience members will listen and respond to. (62) Although it seems easy, there are barriers that can hinder a speech from being received by the listener. These barriers are referred to as listening barriers. Listening barriers are created when we fail to select, attend to, or understand a message or remember what was said. (62) There are many listening barriers that can vary depending on the individual; however...
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...Chapter 4- Listening to Speeches I. Barriers to Effective Listening A. Listening Barriers 1. Select- To single out a message from several competing messages 2. Attend- To focus on or select incoming information for further processing. 3. Understand- To assign meaning to the stimuli to which you attend. 4. Remember- To recall ideas and information B. Information Overload 1. We all spend a large part of each day listening. 2. As a public speaker, you can keep your audience from tuning you out by making sure your speech has a good balance between new information and supporting material, such as stories and examples. C. Prejudice 1. The process of forming preconceived opinions, attitudes, and beliefs about a person, place, thing, or message. 2. Such positive prejudices can also inhibit your ability to listen accurately to a message. D. Receiver Apprehension 1. Receiver Apprehension- The fear of misunderstanding or misinterpreting the spoken messages of others. 2. If you experience receiver apprehension, you will have to work harder to comprehend the information presented by others. II. Becoming a Better Listener A. Understanding Your Listening Style 1. Listening styles- Preferred ways of making sense out of spoken messages. 2. People Oriented Listener-Someone who is comfortable listening to others express feelings and emotions. 3. Action Oriented Listener- Someone who prefers information that is well...
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...1) There are a variety of speeches that are not protected under the first amendment, although the United States Constitution protects the freedom of speech , the First amendment was not intended to protect every utterance. Many United States Supreme Court cases have consistently held that there are narrow categories of speech that are not protected which include but are not limited to, obscenity, child pornography, inciting to riot, libel, false advertising, perjury, threats, harassment, and invasion of privacy. Although the definition of obscenity is not sufficiently clear, the United States Supreme Court provided a workable attempt in defining what is obscene. In 1973 in the case of Miller vs. California, the court held that before any material can be determined obscene they must determine whether the average person would find the work taken as a whole appealing to prurient interest, whether the work describes in a patently offensive way, and whether the work taken as a whole lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value. Obscenity can be in many forms such as conduct, pictorial representation of conduct and in the written and oral description of conduct with each method of expression presenting its own problems. Laws that prohibit indecent or obscene language will be struck down as unconstitutional where they do not articulate a boundary between those expressions that are protected by the constitution and this particular one is not. Racist speech cannot...
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...Senator Daniel Webster of Massachusetts addressed the President regarding the Compromise of 1850. He began his speech by identifying himself not as a person from the North, or from Massachusetts, but as an American, and as a member of the United States Senate who was in favor of the Compromise of 1850. He stressed that the focus of Americans needed to be for the good of the collective people of the United States as a whole, and for the preservation of all Americans. He wished to preserve the Union. He mentioned that slavery was a topic of conflict that needed to be dealt with, not something that should continue. He spoke of the fact that when the Constitution was adopted there was “no diversity of opinion between the North and South” regarding the subject of slavery. He stated that “there were few who were against slavery being held as inhuman and cruel, but not many.” The main concern for the states was a political objection, wherein many felt if they released all the slaves, it would weaken the social fabric. Webster stressed that regardless of the personal opinions, everyone must remember that the most important cause was to preserve the Constitution and the harmony and peace of all who were destined to live under it. He reminded the President that our country was founded on the principles of equality, and they had to come together to make sure it remained that way. John C. Calhoun gave his Proposal to Preserve the Union. He began his speech by saying “I have believed...
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...Rachel C. Ancheta BS IT 2C Headgear Speech of Entertain Headgear may be the most important article in the army's uniform. You wear headgear to protect yourself from the rain and hot rays of sunshine, as well as for others to admire your military status. Military designers are tempted again and again to make headgear exclusive, namely, more stylish, trendy, and fashionable. My old patrol cap, the one I am holding in my hand, is my friend's present. It has neither double thick bill nor internal pocket, neither chinstraps nor breathtaking camouflage color by which any desert sniper would figure me out in no time. Well, how comfortable it feels - even with that strong smell of military service! What a feeling! In the army, the patrol cap is one of the three headgear options, together with the beret and the military visor dress hat. When I tried to find secrets of a new ACU patrol cap, it occurred to me that the military value moisture-wicking boots more than headgear. A new patrol cap is described as "an upgraded soft cap with double thick bill, no earflaps and a lower profile." Well, my old patrol cap is soft, too. No wonders, it has known so many laundries. It has no earflaps, either. What about a lower profile or a higher profile? No sweat, if I change it like this and like that . Where's the rub? You may ask me why I argue against a new patrol cap. Because I care for its history and I hate being cheated. My patrol...
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...Comparison between speeches You have heard of the speeches that Mitt Romney and Barrack Obama made right? The concession speech from Mitt Romney, and the victory speech from Barrack Obama. Well I am here to tell you about HOW both speeches compare. What were the differences? What were the similarities? Read on and you will find out. How was Barrack Obama’s speech like? Barrack Obama’s speech was very long; maybe because it was his victory speech, after all he did win the place as president. What I also saw was that Obama did not talk only about him, he talked about us. He didn’t boast in Romney’s face, he said that he hopes that they could work together. What was the surroundings like? Well I know for sure that it was huge, the headquarters in Chicago was humongous. There were also a lot of people in the headquarters listening to Obama’s speech. How was Romney’s speech like? Well Romney’s speech was not too long. The speech was technically all about how he would make a better president if he won; I think that is why it is called a concession speech, because concession means to accept that something is true, or acknowledging defeat, and it is a speech. In all his speech he only talked about how he would make a great president, and how his wife would make a great first lady. I also realized that there were barely any people. How do both speeches compare? Well let’s tell the differences first. First, Obama’s headquarters in Chicago held more people than Romney’s did. Second...
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...Jada Rameriz Putnam Frosh Writing F Block ELA Great speakers have a way with words. Subtle patterns flow throughout their speeches in ways that even they might not realize. It can be clearly seen with some of the greatest speakers seen; Martin Luther King Jr., Robert F. Kennedy, Jimmy Valvano, and Steve Jobs. All of them share common threads throughout their speeches, and that’s what makes them great. Their unique tones and methods of conveying their message shows their excellence. By use of tone and sharing personal stories or alluding to other texts, great speakers convey their messages in many ways. In his speech, Martin Luther King Jr. creates a distinct and professional style by use of literary devices to convey his message. MLK’s use of literary devices provides emphasis and strengthens his hopeful, unified, and well-prepared speech. MLK often uses allusions to different texts within his speech in order to get a point across, such as referencing historical texts to bring out feelings of patriotism in the audience. MLK’s message is one of unity and equality, which is eloquently proposed to the audience through his well-usage of literary devices. By unifying his speech in this manner and showing different texts as equal in value, MLK also approaches the audience with the idea that they are all equally as important as well. RFK’s speech on the death of MLK has a very somber and mourning tone, but still proves it’s greatness despite the speaker’s unpreparedness...
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... America is one of the most cultured places in the world but it is also one of the most vile places to live. Everyday, people in America do actions that no one should do but there are also people who make America one of the best places to live. Culture from tons of different people can be seen as if you are in a land that connects all others. I love this cultured hell that tests my youth. To make America better than it has ever been and stopping the cries of trillions is to make me, Kevin H. Nguyen, your President of the United States of America. I will fascinate you all with the ways I will be able to stop America’s economy from becoming a rotten system. I am the leading Democratic candidate and with your votes, I will slowly become the best President, America has ever acquired in history. If you have any reason to even doubt me in the slightest, I will give you even more reasons to vote for me, Kevin H. Nguyen. There are not many people in the world who will be able to improve the US as much as I will. I hope to have your trust because I will not collapse like our 247th President because of the overwhelming stress of dealing with a trillion citizens! I eat stress for breakfast, I will keep on working for the people of the United States to improve us no matter what it takes. Past presidents have either broken their promises completely or did what they wanted like the 397th President who made secret deals with Congress and the dark side to do what he wanted and to benefit...
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