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Stakeholder Analysis

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Stakeholder Analysis
Brittany Collins
Dr. Richardson

Public Policy Analysis and Plan

11.7.13

Introduction
This paper provides a comprehensive stakeholder analysis of the affordable medical care policy change. The policy change has triggered multiple debates across the United States of America earning the name ObamaCare due to the president’s commitment to see the policy implemented. An argumentation analysis is provided identifying the different contending positions as well as assumptions. Moreover, an argument map of the issue is also developed. It is pertinent to note that the policy issue affects stakeholders across different industries of the economy in a multidimensional approach.
Medical care policy
The Obama care health care policy has had wide opinions among various stakeholders in the US. While there are those who support the policy, there are also those who feel that the policy will be difficult to implement and will leave many people without the ability to access basic medical care. However, there is need to analyses the medical care policy and the different opinions that are given to analyses the suitability of the policy (Doolittle, 2013). The policy was laid down as an alternative to provision of cheaper healthcare to the people. Critics of the policy have argued that the citizens are the ultimate stakeholders in this policy; however, there are other key stakeholders involved. These stakeholders include key players in the insurance sector; pharmaceutical companies, physician and economic analysist (Dunn, 2012). The analysis gives different opinions concerning the health policy. The best approach that can be used in such a case is policy argumentation. Policy argumentation is a technique that is used in analyzing policies. It determines whether implementation of policies will be productive and have any progress (Dunn, 2012). After policy argumentation is carried out, the policy implementers determine whether it is applicable or not. Through use of various analysis models, it is possible to analyses the opinions of different stakeholders concerning a given policy. Analysis is also suitable in determining the proper use or misuse of a government policy. Analysis ensures that a policy is able to be organized, structured, and evaluated properly (Jasper, 2010).
Various procedures are involved in policy analysis. The first procedure is the monitoring of the outcomes of the policies. The government claims that the policy will provide a breakthrough in offering quality health care to the US citizens. It offers the best solutions to protect its citizens against the high cost of accessing medical health care. This is different from what other stakeholders such as the insurance companies claim. Their claim is that the policy puts in place tough laws for the insurance companies (Jacobs, 2013). Many insurance companies argue that the policy is a new one and many has never been implemented anywhere in the world. If the policy is implemented it might to the crumbling of insurance companies. This claim seems valid because the policy is being introduced without having a prototype (Jacobs, 2013). Other stakeholders such as employers feel that the policy might have a negative effect on the economy and the employment sector. It might result to the employers being unable to pay for the insurance benefits.
In the process of analyzing the arguments, forecasting is done to ensure that the policies have been able to work effectively. However, for the medical care policy forecasting cannot be done with comparison with other countries since it is being implemented for the first time. Insurance cost is expected to rise with the implementation of the policy ,with many people lacking insurance policies due to their low per capita income, it is expected to be difficult for them to enroll for insurance policies (Dunn, 2012). The forecast is based on various assumptions from the different stakeholders. Analysis of these assumptions will give the clear picture and create a better approach of analyzing the situation.

Argument mapping
The key elements of the argument mapping approach include the significance and the plausibility of the different policy arguments (Dunn, 2012). Moreover, the warrants, objections, backings, and rebuttals are given numerical significance and indicated in the scale.

Distribution of warrant by plausible importance
Warrant: the opportunity cost of a limited medical insurance cover is a deterioration of the wellbeing standards in the country. It is apparent that the implementation of the policy is justified and the plausible options are complicated. Different stakeholders in the provision of healthcare services across the United States of America place different significances on the different elements of the policy. This is clearly reflected in the values assigned to the warrants, objections, backing and rebuttals as presented in the diagram above.
Criteria 4:
This provides an analytical stakeholder analysis of the patient protection and affordable care act implementation. The obamacare policy implementation involves a wide range of stakeholders who either are affected or affect its implementation (Dunn, 2012).
Stakeholders
1. The Department of health and human services 2. The national federation of independent business 3. The senate and 4. Insurance companies 5. Americans for prosperity a Conservative advocacy group 6. The republican state governments 7. Republican politicians
Stakeholders position statements 1. The Department of Health and Human Services: the department is the key pillar in the implementation of the policy at the federal level. The department has clearly outlined the operational functionalities that need to be implemented to support the policy.
New ideas: two 2. The national federation of independent business: the federation opposes the implementation of the act and has won a court case about the implementation of the policy.
New ideas: three 3. The senate: the senate has been significantly divided along political affiliations on the policy. However, 60 senators have supported the policy in the past through a vote against an opposition of 39.
New ideas: two 4. Insurance companies: they oppose some sections of the act.
New ideas: two 5. Americans for prosperity a Conservative advocacy group: it opposes the policy and has significantly contributed to the organization of anti implementation and enrollment campaigns
New ideas: four

6. The republican state governments: multiple state governments have legislated against the implementation of the act within their jurisdiction
New ideas: six 7. Republican politicians: they have consistently opposed the implementation of the policy
New ideas: five 8. Politicians in affiliated to the democrats: they have consistently supported the policy from the initial stages to the current state of affairs.
New ideas: six

Criteria 5:
This cumulative frequency distribution provides a quantitative representation of the influence and effects of different stakeholders as listed above (Doolittle, 2013). It is provided in a horizontal axis where the numerical values assigned indicate the number of ideas of the different stakeholders. It is pertinent to note that ideas can represent alternatives, objectives, as well as outcomes (Grier, 2013).

Criteria 6:
This provides a comprehensive analysis of the frequency distribution graphical representation created in the previous step. Key questions on the trends that arise from the graphs are answered.
Question one:
From the histogram provided above it is clear that the graph flattens out as we move to the last stakeholder.
Question two:
The flattening out happens after four stakeholders. This is a clear indication that from the four stakeholders we can be able to accumulate information regarding their interests and act on them to accommodate the interests of other stakeholders (Dunn, 2012). It is pertinent to note that from the stakeholder analysis a clear picture of the interest of the different stakeholders can be clearly defined.
Question three (Conclusion):
From the policy stakeholder analysis performed above, there are multiple conclusions that can be drawn. These conclusions outline the effects of the policy change as well as the probable outcomes of adopting some of the ideas proposed by the different stakeholders. First, the use of political influence is pertinent in the full implementation of the policy. This requires support of the policy across the democrats and the republicans (Grier, 2013). The government should have negotiated for a neutral ground with the republicans to ensure that there is a vast support for the program. Secondly viewing the policy change from a business perspective it can be implemented through full support from all the business affected by the policies, which include, employers, insurance companies, as well as healthcare providers. It is pertinent to note that incorporation of their ideas in the act would be instrumental in convincing all the players to play an active role in ensuring successes of the policy implementation (Jacobs, 2013). Conservative advocacy groups should not be oppressed because of their activities in criticizing the policy change. Their ideas should be embraced and a constructive dialogue established. This would be instrumental in reducing the animosity of the groups against the medical care policy. Citizens and residents of the United States of America stand to gain significantly from the implementation of the policy where discrimination is highly discouraged (Atlas, 2010).
References
Atlas, S. W. (2010). Reforming America's health care system: the flawed vision of ObamaCare. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press.
Doolittle, C. (2013, August 12). Accounting Implications of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Arkansas Business, 2, 14.
Dunn, W. N. (2012). Public policy analysis (5th, international Ed.). Boston [etc.: Pearson.
Grier, P. (2013, November 1). ObamaCare and You: Do I Have to Have ObamaCare?. The Christian Science Monitor, 3-2, 12.
Jacobs, C. (2013, October 1). Democrats Forced Government Shutdown. GOP Is Just Trying to Protect US from ObamaCare. The Christian Science Monitor, 6, 36.
Jarousse, L. A. (2011, May 1). Value-based purchasing and bundled payments.(Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ). H&HN Hospitals & Health Networks, 4, 24.
Jasper, W. F. (2010, May 10). Republican Hypocrisy on ObamaCare. The New American, 3, 28.
Sunshine Act Compliance: Often Elusive and Confusing. (2012, November 1). Medical Product Outsourcing, 2, 23.
Tennant, M. (2011, January 10). ObamaCare Repeal: Just What These Doctors Ordered: You Wouldn't Know It from Watching TV, but a Large Percentage of Doctors Are Adamant That ObamaCare Must Be Repealed. These Doctors Are Trying to Air Physicians' Views. The New American, 4, 26.

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