...Introduction The profound importance for microorganisms to operate at a maximum efficiency has lead to adaptations allowing for groups of processes to be functional when resources are available, while on the contrary remaining “dormant” when not in need. This has been accomplished at the molecular level by configuring clusters of genes together on the genome into operons that elicit a processive response in the presence of a specific metabolite. The Lac operon is responsible for the cleaving of the disaccharide lactose into two products. A myriad of components control the expression of the Lac operon when two conditions are met. First, the substrate, lactose, must be present. Second, no better substrate for example, glucose, is present (2). The three structural genes in the Lac operon are lacZ, lacY, and lacA. The gene lacZ encodes the tetramer, ß-galactosidase, which is responsible for hydrolyzing the ß-1,4 glycosidic linkage between galactose and glucose in lactose. The transport of lactose into the cell via the enzyme lactose permease is encoded by the gene lacY. The lacA gene encodes the enzyme, galactoside transacetylase, a trimer that transfers an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to galactosides. Activation of these genes is dependent on the activity of a promoter and three operators based on the nutritional and environmental conditions available to the cell. The lac operon is a negatively controlled inducible operon that utilizes the product of the regulator gene lacI, to...
Words: 10690 - Pages: 43
...A ABA: abscisic acid AIDS: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AM: annealing mix ampr: ampicillin-resistance gene amu: atomic mass unit AP: alkaline phosphatase ARS: Agricultural Research Service ATP: adenosine 5’-triphosphate au: absorbance units B BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, a computer program that allows researchers to compare biological sequences bp: base pair BS: Bachelor of Science Bt: Bacillus thuringiensis (B. thuringiensis) C CaCl2: calcium chloride cDNA: copy DNA CD4 cells: referring to human white blood cells, which contain the cell surface recognition protein CD4 cm: centimeter CF: cystic fibrosis CD: compact disc CDC: Center for Disease Control and Prevention cGMPs: good manufacturing practices CHO: Chinese hamster ovary cm: centimeter CPDP: Comprehensive Product Development Plan CO2: carbon dioxide COOH: carboxyl [group] CT [scan]: computed tomography CuSO4: cupric sulfate (anhydrous) D dATP: deoxyadenosine triphosphate, the cell’s source of cytosine (C) for DNA molecules D: diopter DEAE: diethylaminoethyl DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid dH20: distilled water ddNTP: dideoxynucleotide dNTP: deoxynucleotide triphosphates (the dATP, dCTP, dGTP, and dTTPs) DMV: Department of Motor Vehicles DPA: diphenylamine [solution] DTT: dithiothreitol DVM: Doctor of Veterinary Medicine E EDTA: ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay EPA: Environmental Protection Agency EtBr: ethidium bromide EtOH: ethanol ...
Words: 685 - Pages: 3
...prepared from ethyl methyl ketone and ethyl cyano acetate, followed by the treatment of the product with acetic anhydride and hydrazine hydrate. RJ-1 was then treated with various substituted aryl aldehydes to get a new series of Schiff base analogs [RJ-1 a-m] as title compounds. The new compounds were characterized by MP, TLC and representative compounds by 1HNMR, IR, and Mass spectral data. The new title compounds were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity by using Ampicillin and Miconazole nitrate as standards respectively. It was observed that compounds titled RJ-1d, RJ-1j, RJ-1f and RJ-1l showed good activity. Compounds...
Words: 2576 - Pages: 11
...Maria Vasilenko 223901 Feasibility of using biosensors for heavy metal detection in complex matrices such as bio-slurries. Master of Science Thesis Examiners: Professor Matti Karp Professor Raghida Lepistö Examiner and topic approved in The Science and Bioengineering Department Council meeting on 7.11.2012 Abstract TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Master‟s Degree Programme in Science and Bioengineering Vasilenko Maria: Feasibility of using biosensors for heavy metal detection in complex matrices such as bio-slurries. Seminar paper, 97 pages November 2012 Major: Biotechnology Examiners: Matti Karp, Raghida Lepisto Keywords: environmental pollution, heavy metals, biosensors, slurries The quality of bioslurries that are used in industrial production and agriculture need to be watched very closely to avoid spreading of contaminants on area and poisoning of humans and animals. Because heavy metals are very stable and toxic in many chemical compositions, their amount should be estimated very thoroughly. A new approach that involved biosensors was tested in this study. Because the slurries are complex non-unified matrices which composed of two phases – solid and liquid, the cell behavior can varies a lot from the one that explained in water and so the estimation of ion concentration can be not reliable. It was shown that the cell actually behave different in the slurries. Normally the dissolved compounds suppress the biosensor activity and, in the same time, the ions in the...
Words: 17229 - Pages: 69
...Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Sistema de Información Científica Duangporn Kantachote, Pakorn Prachyakij, Wilawan Charernjiratrakul, Metta Ongsakul, Yodsawee Duangjitcharoen, Chaiyavat Chaiyasut, Teruhiko Nitoda, Hiroshi Kanzaki Characterization of the antiyeast compound and probiotic properties of a starter Lactobacillus plantarum DW3 for possible use in fermented plant beverages Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 13, núm. 5, 2010, pp. 1-15, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Chile Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=173318799002 Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, ISSN (Electronic Version): 0717-3458 edbiotec@ucv.cl Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Chile How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage www.redalyc.org Non-Profit Academic Project, developed under the Open Acces Initiative Electronic Journal of Biotechnology ISSN: 0717-3458 http://www.ejbiotechnology.info DOI: 10.2225/vol13-issue5-fulltext-1 Characterization of the antiyeast compound and probiotic properties of a starter Lactobacillus plantarum DW3 for possible use in fermented plant beverages Duangporn Kantachote1 1 · Pakorn Prachyakij1 · Wilawan Charernjiratrakul1 Metta Ongsakul · Yodsawee Duangjitcharoen2 · Chaiyavat Chaiyasut2 Teruhiko Nitoda3 · Hiroshi Kanzaki3 1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University,...
Words: 7395 - Pages: 30
...1. Congenital rubella: a) Has an incubation period of 7-10 days. b) May be complicated by polyarthralgia. c) Rarely causes deafness. d) Is an indication for termination if it occurs in the first two months of pregnancy. e) May cause prolonged jaundice. 2. Recognised causes of delayed bone age include: a) Hypopiturtarism b) Primary hypothyroidism c) Congenital adrenal hypoplasia d) Prolonged corticosteroid therapy e) Tuberculosis 3. Kwashiorkor: a) Hypothermia is a recognized complication T b) Edema is mainly due to protein losing enteropathy. T c) Measles is a recognized precipitant F d) The incidence is highest in the first two month of life F e) The birth of a second child to the mother may be a contributory factor F 4. At the age of eight months a baby can be expected to: a) Roll over from front to back T b) Sit up with a straight back T c) Pick a small bead between thumb and finger T d) Say up to five word clearly F e) Feed himself with a spoon F 5. if a child in the ward's develops measles, the following action are appropriate a) Close the wards to all admissions for one week F b) Actively immunized all the other patients against measles T c) Give gamma globulin to all patients who have not been immunized or had measles T d) Forbid visiting by the parents until the rash has gone F e) Give prophylactic antibiotics to all contacts at home T 6. Convulsion in the first week of life is characteristic of a) Hypocalcaemia T b) Post maturity...
Words: 12009 - Pages: 49
...Clinical guidelines Diagnosis and treatment manual for curative programmes in hospitals and dispensaries guidance for prescribing 2010 EDITION © Médecins Sans Frontières – January 2010 All rights reserved for all countries. No reproduction, translation and adaptation may be done without the prior permission of the Copyright owner. ISBN 2-906498-81-5 Clinical guidelines Diagnosis and treatment manual Editorial Committee: I. Broek (MD), N. Harris (MD), M. Henkens (MD), H. Mekaoui (MD), P.P. Palma (MD), E. Szumilin (MD) and V. Grouzard (N, general editor) Contributors: P. Albajar (MD), S. Balkan (MD), P. Barel (MD), E. Baron (MD), M. Biot (MD), F. Boillot (S), L. Bonte (L), M.C. Bottineau (MD), M.E. Burny (N), M. Cereceda (MD), F. Charles (MD), M.J de Chazelles (MD), D. Chédorge (N), A.S. Coutin (MD), C. Danet (MD), B. Dehaye (S), K. Dilworth (MD), F. Fermon (N), B. Graz (MD), B. Guyard-Boileau (MD), G. Hanquet (MD), G. Harczi (N), M. van Herp (MD), C. Hook (MD), K. de Jong (P), S. Lagrange (MD), X. Lassalle (AA), D. Laureillard (MD), M. Lekkerkerker (MD), J. Maritoux (Ph), J. Menschik (MD), D. Mesia (MD), A. Minetti (MD), R. Murphy (MD), J. Pinel (Ph), J. Rigal (MD), M. de Smet (MD), S. Seyfert (MD), F. Varaine (MD), B. Vasset (MD) (S) Surgeon, (L) Laboratory technician, (MD) Medical Doctor, (N) Nurse, (AA) Anaesthetist-assistant, (Ph) Pharmacist, (P) Psychologist We would like to thank the following doctors for their invaluable help:...
Words: 86687 - Pages: 347
...Aacknowledgement First of all I like to thank God almighty who authorise me to research on this topic. I submit my sincere thanks to my supervisor Medhat Khattar for his valuable presence, time, effort, guidance and help to complete this dissertation. My dissertation would not have been completed without the help of lab technicians Nick and Suzy, I am extremely grateful for their help, suggestions and encouragement. I might want to thank my family for impacting in me a comprehension for the significance of education and an appreciation for diligent work. I extraordinarily value the majority of the penances that were made so as to realize the open doors that I have gotten, and it is my trusts that this proposition embodies what I have realized. Much obliged to you for your dedication, bolster, and affection. I might likewise want to thank my grandparents for the numerous hours of math mentoring as a youngster. In spite of the fact that it may have appeared to be inconsequential, it was the premise for my prosperity and the establishment of my hobbies in Designing. I might want to devote this proposition to my family, without whom I would not be seeking after a profession with an instruction from my university undergraduate days. I also thank my supervisor’s effort and good work channelled towards making me a better microbiologist in the world. I sincerely extend my thanks all concerned people who together with me in this regard. Table of Contents I Declaration......
Words: 14532 - Pages: 59
...Introduction: Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Since its inception in 1979 has continued with its relentless strive to maintain leadership position in the Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Industry even in the new millennium. The healthcare welfare of the society remains to be their uncompromising objective. They provide the highest quality medicines at an affordable price to cater to the needs of the millions of people of the country. Regular introduction of innovative products in line with the needs of their customers have been the key to the company’s success over the years. Ever since the start of our journey in late seventies they have successfully maintained the quality of their products throughout, thereby earning the trust and faith of the society. Ingenious approaches on manufacturing, R&d and marketing remain the strategic objective during 2010 and beyond. Origin of The Study: This report will be prepared as a part of the internship program which is an integral part of the BBA program under the Dept. of Accounting & Information Systems in the Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka. The organization attachment was started on 18th July, 2010. This report on “Financial Performance Analysis of Beximco pharmaceuticals Ltd(BPL)” was assigned by academic supervisor Mohammad Moniruzzaman,ACA, Lecturer of Dept of Accounting & Information Systems, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka. Purpose of The Study: The purpose of the study is to make an...
Words: 11192 - Pages: 45
...Article pubs.acs.org/jcim Carboxyl−Peptide Plane Stacking Is Important for Stabilization of Buried E305 of Trichoderma reesei Cel5A Chunyan He, Jingfei Chen, Liaoyuan An, Yefei Wang, Zhiyu Shu, and Lishan Yao* Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266061, China S * Supporting Information ABSTRACT: Hydrogen bonds or salt bridges are usually formed to stabilize the buried ionizable residues. However, such interactions do not exist for two buried residues D271 and E305 of Trichoderma reesei Cel5A, an endoglucanase. Mutating D271 to alanine or leucine improves the enzyme thermostability quantified by the temperature T50 due to the elimination of the desolvation penalty of the aspartic acid. However, the same mutations for E305 decrease the enzyme thermostability. Free energy calculations based on the molecular dynamics simulation predict the thermostability of D271A, D271L, and E305A (compared to WT) in line with the experimental observation but overestimate the thermostability of E305L. Quantum mechanical calculations suggest that the carboxyl−peptide plane stacking interactions occurring to E305 but not D271 are important for the carboxyl group stabilization. For the protonated carboxyl group, the interaction energy can be as much as about −4 kcal/mol for parallel stacking and about −7 kcal/mol for T-shaped stacking. For the deprotonated carboxyl group, the largest interaction energies for parallel...
Words: 8791 - Pages: 36
...Prevalence, outcome and prognostic factors of sepsis in Jimma Specialized Hospital. By Dr Tadiwos Hailu (M.D) A Proposal Submitted to the Department of Internal Medicine, Jimma University, in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirement for a Specialty Certificate in Internal Medicine. September, 2012 Jimma, Ethiopia Prevalence, outcome and prognostic factors of sepsis in Jimma specialized hospital. Dr Tadiwos Hailu By Advisors: 1-Dr.Daniel yilma [M.D] 2-Birtukan Tsehayneh [Bsc. Msc.] September, 2012 Jimma Ethiopia i Abstract summary Background: Sepsis is a final pathway of infectious disease in critically ill patients. It is highly fatal condition. Though many researches are undertake in pathophysiology, epidemiology and management of sepsis in developed nation ,very limited information is available in low incomes countries where infections are prevalent. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and outcome of sepsis and its prognostic factors in patients admitted to Jimma University Specialized Hospital. Method: Patients with systemic inflammatory response due to infections were studied using prospective cohort study design for four month period in Jimma University hospital. A structured questioner was used to collect data on socio demographic feature of the patient and clinical feature, outcome and prognostic factors . Data was cleaned, edited and entered to SPSS window for analysis. The survival analysis and determination...
Words: 10476 - Pages: 42
...PERCENTAGES: THE MOST USEFUL STATISTICS EVER INVENTED Thomas R. Knapp © 2010 "Eighty percent of success is showing up." - Woody Allen “Baseball is ninety percent mental and the other half is physical.” - Yogi Berra "Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration." - Thomas Edison Preface You know what a percentage is. 2 out of 4 is 50%. 3 is 25% of 12. Etc. But do you know enough about percentages? Is a percentage the same thing as a fraction or a proportion? Should we take the difference between two percentages or their ratio? If their ratio, which percentage goes in the numerator and which goes in the denominator? Does it matter? What do we mean by something being statistically significant at the 5% level? What is a 95% confidence interval? Those questions, and much more, are what this book is all about. In his fine article regarding nominal and ordinal bivariate statistics, Buchanan (1974) provided several criteria for a good statistic, and concluded: “The percentage is the most useful statistic ever invented…” (p. 629). I agree, and thus my choice for the title of this book. In the ten chapters that follow, I hope to convince you of the defensibility of that claim. The first chapter is on basic concepts (what a percentage is, how it differs from a fraction and a proportion, what sorts of percentage calculations are useful in statistics...
Words: 24786 - Pages: 100
...Name: Your student Number: Faculty of Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Practical Skills Practical Skills 4AB012/4BM005/4BM013/4PY008 Practical Session Laboratory Hand Book Basic Microbiology 2013-2014 Practical Sessions 1 – 5 Welcome and Some notes about this Hand book This booklet is your guide to the next 5 practical sessions. It contains all the methods that you need to complete each of the experiments you will carry out step by step. You must refer to these methods during the sessions as the ability to follow a standard method carefully and accurately is an essential skill that any scientist must learn. Other than the various methods the booklet also contains space to record the data you will gather during each of the sessions. This will be used later to share with the group so it is essential that you accurately and neatly complete the tables or write in the spaces provided without doodling or scribbling on the pages. You will also notice there may be a series of formative questions following each section. These will help you consolidate your knowledge and some preparation towards your final course work submission and exam. Finally, keep this book clean and tidy and it will be an invaluable source of information for the next few years on your degree course. We hope you enjoy the practical sessions after all it’s what science is all about. All the best The Module team xxx ...
Words: 13031 - Pages: 53
...Giraffid Newsletter of the Giraffe & Okapi Specialist Group Note from the Co-‐Chairs Volume 7(2), December 2013 Wow – what a bumper issue and, of course, only befitting for the renamed Giraffid newsletter of the IUCN SSC Giraffe and Okapi Specialist Group (GOSG)! Inside this issue: It has been an exciting last six months and this issue brings you lots of stories and tall tales from across the African continent and beyond. From species conservation strategies and Red List updates, interesting wild and captive behaviours to translocations, hooves and DNA, this is truly a fully loaded newsletter. An inspiring read to keep us all going over the imminent festive season and a relaxing winter or summer break. Unusual sightings of wild giraffe behaviour 4 GOSG together with the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), the Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature...
Words: 32485 - Pages: 130
...A kid with Hepatitis A can return to school 1 week within the onset of jaundice. 2. After a patient has dialysis they may have a slight fever...this is normal due to the fact that the dialysis solution is warmed by the machine. 3. Hyperkalemia presents on an EKG as tall peaked T-waves 4. The antidote for Mag Sulfate toxicity is ---Calcium Gluconate 5. Impetigo is a CONTAGEOUS skin disorder and the person needs to wash ALL linens and dishes seperate from the family. They also need to wash their hands frequently and avoid contact. positive sweat test. indicative of cystic fibrosis 1. Herbs: Black Cohosh is used to treat menopausal symptoms. When taken with an antihypertensive, it may cause hypotension. Licorice can increase potassium loss and may cause dig toxicity. 2. With acute appendicitis, expect to see pain first then nausea and vomiting. With gastroenitis, you will see nausea and vomiting first then pain. 3. If a patient is allergic to latex, they should avoid apricots, cherries, grapes, kiwi, passion fruit, bananas, avocados, chestnuts, tomatoes and peaches. 4. Do not elevate the stump after an AKA after the first 24 hours, as this may cause flexion contracture. 5. Beta Blockers and ACEI are less effective in African Americans than Caucasians. 1. for the myelogram postop positions. water based dye (lighter) bed elevated. oil based dye heavier bed flat. 2.autonomic dysreflexia- elevated bed first....then check foley...
Words: 72133 - Pages: 289
