... Gasoline-Powered Vehicles vs. Hybrid-Electric Vehicles In today's fast paced modern world it would seem the only economical decision is to choose a hybrid. Gasoline is becoming twice as expensive, while electric power remains the same. Although standard gasoline vehicles do not get as many Miles per Gallon (MPG) as a hybrid does, there are a variety of ways to increase the miles per gallon. Using electrical resources may simply be the best solution to our gas problem. Hybrid vehicles have made much of a progress from the time they were invented. No longer do they need to be plugged in every night to charge their batteries. Hybrid vehicles have Intergraded Motor Assist Systems that pair electric motors with the gasoline engine. While gasoline vehicles are still more convenient to repair, hybrid vehicles are becoming just as reliable. Hybrid vehicles are still more expensive to purchase but the long term investment will pay for itself. Both gas and electrical powered vehicles have benefits and troubles. The choice comes down to personal preference. Gasoline-Powered Vehicles The history of the automobile dates back to the 15th century when Leonardo Da Vinci was creating designs and models for transport vehicles. In 1885-1886, an inventor named Karl Friedrich Benz a German engineer who invented the first automobile (car) called (DRP 37435), this vehicle came with petroleum driven and internal combustion engine. The engine of that automobile was water-cooled and...
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...vehicles and fuel sources becoming available, it is now possible to add alternative fuel vehicles to our rental car fleet. Through this presentation, I will fully outline gasoline and alternative fuel vehicles; the history, the sources of fuel, and consumer incentives will all also be explained. Gasoline vehicles Gasoline powered vehicles are the types of vehicles that are commonly used around the world. Gasoline powered vehicles utilize an internal combustion power train. Power train refers to the group of components within the vehicle that generates power. Internal combustion engines are typically associated with gasoline even though variations of the internal combustion engine can be fueled by other sources. The mainstream alternative to gasoline is diesel fuel. History of gasoline vehicles Self-propelled vehicles have been around since 1672 but were not introduced to mainstream America until 1902. Older vehicles were powered by steam engines, which gave way to the internal combustion engines that are powered by either gasoline or diesel fuel. Diesel fuel and gasoline both cause air pollution and play a role in global warming. The ever increasing cost of oil along with the restrictions on greenhouse gases and environmental laws is now pressing the world to create safe alternatives to gasoline and diesel fuel. Green vehicles A green vehicle is any car, bus, or mode of transportation that uses alternative fuel sources. Fossil fuels were once thought to be a convenient...
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...Hybrid vs. Gasoline In today's fast paced modern world it would seem the only economical decision is to choose a hybrid. Gasoline is becoming twice as expensive, while electric power remains the same. Although standard gasoline vehicles do not get as many Miles Per Gallon (MPG) as a hybrid does, there are ways increase miles per gallon. Using electrical resources may simply be the best solution to our gas problem. Hybrid vehicle's have made much progress from were they started. No longer do they need to be plugged in every night to charge their batteries. Hybrid vehicles have Intergraded Motor Assist Systems that pair electric motors with the gasoline engine. While gasoline vehicles are still more convenient to repair, hybrid vehicles are becoming just as reliable. Hybrid vehicles are still more expensive to purchase but the long term investment will pay for itself. Both gas and electrical powered vehicles have benefits and troubles. The choice comes down to personal preference. Hybrid cars can get anywhere between 45 to 60 MPG, whereas gas powered cars get on average 28 MPG. Hybrid vehicles have special options that allow for better fuel efficiency. One of those options is an idle stop. This option allows the gasoline engine to turn off when the vehicle stops yet still charge the battery packs. Meanwhile gas powered vehicles run the entire trip using only gasoline. The advantage to the gas powered vehicle is horsepower. The disadvantage...
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...Volt is a plug in hybrid vehicle that is manufactured by the GM (General Motors). It uses electric batteries and the motors to power the wheels and it’s combined with a gas engine that gives off power when the battery is low. The gas power allows you to travel hundreds of additional miles. The Volt makes driving smooth, quiet and easy to use. Some features in this vehicle is, it comes with a 120-volt portable charge cord, has 17̎ 5-spoke painted aluminum wheels and, a remote vehicle started system. The Chevrolet Volt has won numerous awards such as the 2009 Green Car Vision Award, 2011 Green Car of the Year, 2011 North American Car of the Year, 2011 World Green Car and 2012 European Car of the Year. The Volt is still the best eco-vehicle in the world. Features Compared to other vehicles, the volt has better features, safety systems and many more. This chart shows the comparison between the features of 2013 Chevrolet Volt and 2013 Ford C-Max Energi 5dr HB SEL. 2013 Chevrolet Volt vs. 2013 Ford C-Max Energi 5dr HB SEL. | Features | 2013 Chevrolet Volt | 2013 Ford C-Max Energi 5dr HB SEL. | Standard Engine | Gas/Electric I4 | Gas/Electric I4 | Drivetrain | Front wheel drive | Front Wheel Drive | Fuel Injection | Electronic Fuel Injection | Electronic Fuel Injection | 4-Wheel ABS | Standard | Standard | 4- wheel Disc Brakes | Standard | Standard | Cloth Seats | Standard | Not Available | Leather Wrapped Steering Wheel | Available | Standard | Post-Collision...
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...Tecnologia/Technology THE USE OF HYBRID VEHICLES AS A PROPOSAL FOR REDUCING CO2 EMISSIONS AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS C. A. R. de Carvalho, and W. Q. Lamas University of Taubate Postgraduate Programme in Mechanical Engineering Rua Daniel Danelli, s/n – Jd. Morumbi 12060-440, Taubate, SP, Brazil carlosalfredo.carvalho@hotmail.com, wendell@unitau.br ABSTRACT The problems related to energy consumption and pollutant emissions for the transport sector represent a major global concern regarding climate changes caused by greenhouse gases, directly related to the increased level of gas emissions from fossil fuels , the main one being carbon dioxide. One way to minimize this problem is through the introduction of new technologies. Hybrid cars are one of the new technology options that has the main advantage of reducing fuel consumption and therefore reducing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. This paper gives an introduction to hybrid vehicles, with the aim of presenting their main advantages and evaluate their impact on emissions of CO2 in the Brazilian fleet, compared to conventional vehicles. Keywords: CO2 emissions, fuel consumption, hybrid vehicles. NOMENCLATURE AR ER PEF N average round by a vehicle, km/year emission rate of CO2 per vehicle, t/year pollutant emission factor, g/km number of vehicles in the year INTRODUCTION Climate change and the increase in greenhouse gases are the main topics of discussion today in global discussions...
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...concrete case study of this truth. While the biggest product differentiation of the Prius is a fuel efficient, hybrid engine, most people do not buy it because it is eco-friendly. We assert that Toyota succeeded by marketing the Prius on multiple factors including the potential for gas savings, appeal to those who desire the latest technology, crossing into multiple market segments, and keeping the car practical, attractive, and functional. If they had appealed solely on impact to the environment, they would have failed to generate significant market penetration. Toyota did not set out to create a hybrid car. Rather, the Chairman Eiji Toyoda was concerned about the increasing popularity of larger cars and of the effect it would have on pollution levels in increasingly congested cities. He was concerned about the threat of peak oil looming and believed that the traditional internal combustion engine would not successfully carry Toyota into the next century. It was a year into that effort that Toyota decided to adapt a hybrid approach to creating a car with a lower impact on the environment. Toyota was cautious in entering the American market (Itazaki, 1999). Toyota's first step was to ship the original Prius that had been sold in the Japanese market beginning in 1997 to the U.S. These Prius' were right hand driving models as no left hand models had yet been produced. The car was shown to potential customers in Southern California who complained that the interior seemed cheap, the...
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...Natalie S. Jeffery Professor Jarrett Composition 1 8 October 2015 Human vs. Environment It is my belief that we as humans do have a lot of control over our environment. Every decision that we make affects it some way. The cars that we choose to drive is just one of the many ways that humans affect our environment on a daily basis. Even the simplest choices that we can make in life, like recycling, can make a huge impact in the future of our environment. Until you really stop and think about just how big our environment actually is, then you probably would not ever realize just how important it is to us as humans and just how much we do affect it. The Philosophy of environmental protection analysis issues should involve examination of four topics: limits of the environment to absorb human impact without deleterious change; need for change in human behavior to reduce or avoid adverse environmental impact; limits on the authority and jurisdiction of civil government; and need for civil governmental action toward environmental preservation (Staff Writers 2015). The Civil Government is used to protect our environment from humans as well as our property from the actions of others that may be trying to cause harm or destruction to it, but they are not authorized to do anything about the misuse of the environment. I personally think this is hogwash and we as Americans deserve a government that should be able to protect our environment from the people who are intentionally destroying...
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...and construction of a unique electric vehicle in a form that is easily understood. Unique characteristics include dual, independently controlled A/C drive motors, elimination of traditional mechanical power transmission devices, and traction control software with the ability to make changes several thousand times per second. These original ideas make for an environmentally responsible vehicle with few moving parts. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Brocton Barras – Wrote a brief recap of the history of electric vehicles. Joshua Day – Responsible for originality/acknowledgments page, as well as abstract and conclusions. Matthew Griffin – Provided research for innovative control methods section of paper. Andrew Phegley – Wrote a brief description of A/C vs. D/C motors. Nathan Smith – Provided research for the construction of battery packs. Alex Turek – Responsible for introduction, section on the CAN bus, and editorial duties. ABSTRACT The objective of this project is to design and build an electric vehicle that exhibits unique qualities not found in any production vehicle in its class. The vehicle will operate in a similar capacity to the average automobile so as to maintain familiarity to consumers. The vehicle will be powered by independently controlled A/C motors that forgo typical mechanical power transmission devices. Highly intelligent programming techniques will be employed to vary the torque and speed several thousand times per second. Through the research conducted, our team has...
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...Hybrid Cars IQP A Study on Hybrid Cars: Environmental Effects and Consumer Habits An Interactive Qualifying Project to be submitted to the faculty of Worcester Polytechnic Institute in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science. Submitted By: Michael Beliveau James Rehberger Jonathan Rowell Alyssa Xarras Submitted to: Submitted: 28 April 2010 Project Advisor: Prof. Chickery Kasouf 1 Hybrid Cars IQP Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................ 4 Abstract ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 1. Chapter 2. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 9 Literature Review ................................................................................................................ 12 2.1 Environmental Effects ....................................................................................................................... 12 2.2 Emissions ............................................
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...Program Developing Cleaner and More Efficient Vehicles and Engines for Tomorrow 2006 Progress Report Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 What Is the Clean Automotive Technology Program? . . . . . . 3 Summary of Recent Key Accomplishments . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Program Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Advancing Promising Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Pursuing the Next Generation of Clean Engines . . . . . . . . 13 HCCI—Diesel Fuel Efficiency with Gasoline Emissions . . . 13 FPE—A Simpler, More Efficient Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Looking Ahead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Introduction Background ransportation and mobility are central to the American economy and way of life. While the world’s desire for personal mobility and commer cial transportation has evolved, so have the geopolitical and environmental landscapes. Global demand for oil is at an all-time high, driving up the price of gasoline and diesel fuel, and the environmental consequences of mobile source emissions have become more and more apparent. More than 100 million Americans live in coun ties that do not attain federal clean air standards for ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter...
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...ENG207: English for Engineering Multidisciplinary Project Final Report The Green Cars By Name Major ID Aliyu Tukur Chemical Engineer 42426 Mohamed El-Lakkis Mechanical Engineering 36522 Muhammad Fawad Mechanical Engineering 42195 Sheikh Salman Kabir Electrical Engineering 39907 Date of Submittal: 21/5/2013 Submitted to Dr. Tharwat M. EL-Sakran Table of Contents Cover Page 1 List of Tables 4 List of Figures 5 Abstract 6 1. Introduction 8 2. The Automotive engine 10 2.1 Introduction to the Four-Stroke Engine 10 2.1.1 Intake Stroke: 11 2.1.2Compression stroke 11 2.1.3 Power stroke: 11 2.1.4 Exhaust stroke: 12 2.2 Types of engines: 14 3. The Hybrid Car Concept 15 3.1 Why Hybrid cars? 15 3.2 The Cost of transportation: 16 3.3 The rate of fossil fuel depletion: 17 3.4 Reduction of pollutants, greenhouse gases: 17 3.5 Regenerative Breaking: 18 3.6 Engine size reduction: 19 3.7 Constant loading in acceleration and deceleration: 19 3.8 Benefits in urban area (even lesser fuel consumption) 21 4. Emissions 21 4.1 Oxides of Nitrogen 22 4.2 Carbon Monoxide 23 4.3 Carbon Dioxide 24 4.4 Unburned Hydrocarbon & Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) 25 5. Alternatives 26 5.1 HYBRID CARS 26 5.2 HYDROGEN FUEL CELL CARS 27 6. Battery Technology 28 6.1 Batteries used in Hybrid Cars 28 6.1.1 Lead-acid battery 29 6.1.2 Nickel-metal hydride 30 6.1.3 Lithium-ion...
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...features. Out of college, graduates are usually dirt poor because of the vast amount of student loans. Some also even struggle to find jobs, but its important to be able to have self-transportation whenever possible. So, because of the financial status college graduates are in, its important to note that this report was based on lower costing cars like the Civic and Corolla, while also maintaining a standard of safety and professionalism. By aggregating information from various automobile evaluation outlets and also information directly from the manufacturers’ websites, I was able to observe accurate depictions of what each car has to offer. In the report I reviewed gas efficiency, safety, and lastly overall cost. Each of the media outlets I looked at, even the cars websites themselves offered a fair amount of information that added up and was consistent. After reading through them all, I was able to make accurate observations based on the facts presented. Although the findings were quite close, the Honda Civic ended up having the slight edge over the Toyota Corolla. The Civic had relatively more to offer in fuel economy and options, as it had a hybrid edition whereas the Corolla did not. However, if the two base gas-powered models were to be compared, the two...
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...the years to come? What will drive the success of future winners? We quickly realized that our project scope needed to be broader to cover all of the megatrends we indentified and address them as it pertains to specific geographic regions of the world. Cars being mass produced on the assembly line will be a thing of the past. The commercials today for Buick of not ‘driving your father’s Buick’ will even be more pronounced in 2025. In fact, my father would have thought he was living in a science fiction movie! The mantra of ‘have it your way’ will become the mission statement of the automobile industry – both from a consumer and an employee perspective…if they want to remain successful in the industry. Our results? The automobile industry will remain a capital-intensive business model and thus limited in terms of its margin growth. However, over the next fifteen years the automobile industry will remain an exciting place. The industry’s center of gravity will change, core technologies will change, new forms of organizational setup will emerge, employees will have to meet new requirements and new business models will develop. Fasten your seatbelts for an exhilarating ride as we fast forward you to the year 2025! Global vs. Local Scope This report will look at the automobile industry from a global perspective. Although in 2025 the...
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...Marketing Plan Group Assignment (Phase Three) 10% MRK 200 XX [pic] Ford Motor Company Hybrid Ford Escape Group Memebers: Yasmine Kustec Ramon Pinto Bowang Zhou Zang Yue Brett O'connell Yoon Joon Table of Content Cover Page Table of Content 1 The Executive Summary 2 Company Backgrounder 3 Company Mission Statement 3 ➢ Vision 4 ➢ Values 4 Situational Analysis ➢ Internal Environment 5 ➢ Competition Environment 6 ➢ Economic Environment 6 ➢ Cultural/ Social Environment 7 ➢ Government Environment 8 ➢ Technology Environment 9 Company Objectives 9 Target Segment(s) Profile 11 Market Strategies 13 ➢ Figure 1.1 21 Resources 25 Marketing Plan Group Assignment The Executive Summary Ford Motors, through the past five years or so, have been experiencing difficulties with their significantly present decline market share. Being a dominate player in the auto business for over a century, Ford Motors have been reluctant to keep up with current trends and evolving competitors from growing economies. Considering the company’s external and internal opportunities, and directing their resources towards a more skillfully R& D (research and development)...
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...lean was coined by Toyota to create flow in the workplace and the work environment (Wikipedia-Lean Manufacturing, 2013).Toyota is focused on making a product that will help the natural environment and cut down on waste. Our new line of Hybrids shows our corporate commitment to innovation and environmental sustainability. The following marketing programs outlines the ways in which Toyota will evaluate the macro-environment, determine a target market for the Hybrid line, as well as our plans for the product its self, a pricing strategy, our placement of the product as well as promotion efforts. One of the big questions is why? Why did we create this product; well it is simply because there was a massive demand for it. Oil prices are through the roof, and consumers do not want to spend their paychecks at the pumps. In 2008, there was a huge spike in the oil prices. This spike has temporarily decreased but oil prices are predicted to rise again soon. Both consumer households and government are demanding us to create a new product that is affordable and sustainable. Consumers are not only demanding this product from us, they are also demanding a change in the market; a change in the way companies are manufacturing their inventory. With the hybrid Prius, Toyota has stepped up to the challenge. Because we are able to control our large scale manufacturing with ease, and have strong knowledge of the market, we have been...
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