...Indian Accounting Standards: Scope, Procedure and Compliance by Puneet Accounting Advertisements: Formation of the Accounting Standards Board: The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, recognizing the need to harmonies the diverse accounting policies and practices at present in use in India, constituted an Accounting Standards Board (ASB) on 21st April, 1977. Scope and Functions of Accounting Standards Board: The main function of ASB is to formulate accounting standards so that such standards may be established by the Council of the Institute in India. While formulating the accounting standards, ASB will take into consideration the applicable laws, customs, usages and business environment. The Institute is one of the Members of the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) and has agreed to support the objectives of IASC. While formulating the Accounting Standards, ASB will give due consideration to International Accounting Standards, issued by IASC and try to integrate them, to the extent possible, in the light of the conditions and practices prevailing in India. The Accounting Standards will be issued under the authority of the Council. ASB has also been entrusted with the responsibility of propagating the Accounting Standards and of persuading the concerned parties to adopt them in the preparation and presentation of financial statements. ASB will issue guidance notes on the Accounting Standards and give clarifications on issues arising there from...
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...Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia Introduction Professional conduct refers to the manner in which a person behaves while acting in a professional capacity. It is generally accepted that when performing their duties and conducting their affairs professionals will uphold exemplary standards of conduct, commonly taken to mean standards not generally expected of lay people or the 1 ‘ordinary person in the street’. The Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia is supported by the Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia. This Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses sets the minimum standards for practice a professional person is expected to uphold both within and outside of professional domains in order to ensure the ‘good standing’ of the nursing profession. These two companion Codes, together with other published practice standards (e.g. competency standards, decisionmaking frameworks, guidelines and position statements), provide a framework for legally and professionally accountable and responsible nursing practice in all clinical, 2 management, education and research domains. The support and assistance of Royal College of Nursing (unified with The College of Nursing on 1 July 2012 to become Australian College of Nursing) and the Australian Nursing Federation in developing this edition of the Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia is acknowledged. In considering this Code and the Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia, it should be borne...
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...that is incorporated by Royal Charter, another professional accounting body named CPA Australia (was initially known as the Australian Society of Accountants, ASA then changed its name to the Australian Society of Certified Practicing Accountants, ASCPA and changed it name to CPA Australia in 2000) also issued accounting practices that deal with subjects related directly in preparation of financial statements. In 1966, ICAA and CPA were then jointed and work together to form Australian Accounting Research Foundation (AARF) to research and issue proposed accounting standards through its Accounting Standards Board (AcSB) and the Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (PSASB) to the private sector and public sector organizations. The process of how AARF issued accounting standards was pretty much the same as how The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Boards (IPSASB) did, identifying the issue area and research for the issue and followed by invite comments form the public to debate after the issue. In 1970s, even though AARF was formed to enforce to accounting standards, there were still many corporations involved in scandals regarding non-compliance of accounting practices. The government was then assigned Ministerial...
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...Human Resources Information Security Standards Human Resources Information Security Standards Standards August 2009 Project Name Product Title Version Number Human Resources Information Security Standards Standards 1.2 Final V1.2 Final Page 1 of 10 Human Resources Information Security Standards Document Control Organisation Title Author Filename Owner Subject Protective Marking Review date Wokingham Borough Council Human Resources Information Security Standards Steve Adamek, Head of Business Systems G\Government Connect\WBC Policies Head of Business Systems IT Policy Internal Public April 2010 Revision History Revision Date Revisor Previous Version Description of Revision V2.1 V2.2 V2.3 V2.4 V1.0 V1.1 V1.2 Laura Howse Laura Howse Steve Adamek Laura Howse Laura Howse Laura Howse Laura Howse 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 1 1.1 Updated to include WBC references Updated to incorporate WBC changes Updated to incorporate Unison changes Updated to incorporate Unison changes Final Version Updated to include feedback from Human Resources Updated to include feedback from Human Resources Document Approvals This document requires the following approvals: Sponsor Approval Name Date Director of Transformation General Manager for Business Services & Section 151 Officer Head of Business Systems Deputy Head of Human Resources Computacenter Service Manager (Outsourced IT Provider) Document Distribution Andrew Moulton Graham Ebers Steve Adamek Maureen Vaughan-Dixon...
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...Contents Introduction: 3 Purpose of ICAB: 5 ICAB's Vision: 5 ICAB's Mission Statement 6 ICAB's Aims and Objectives 6 Methodology 7 Affiliation 8 Methodology of ICAB 8 various methods of ICAB in trade, commerce, industry, Finance, etc.: 9 Literature review: 10 ICAB's publications: 10 functions of Charterd accountants engaged in public practises: 11 The role of ICAB 12 Conclusion: 16 References 17 ABSTRACT To meet the ever-changing global economic demands dominated by WTO regime, the ICAB is fast becoming a body of professionals whose have ability. The main research objective is to determine "the development of financial accounting and the role of ICAB". Their literature review describes the main viewpoints in the literature, strategies of various viewpoints and so on. The development of accounting not very easy project or analysis subject in accounting policy. So many companies are trying to do their best to develop their accounting in finance. Which prompt us to formulate some hypotheses; this methodology helps us to see the development of financial accounting as a spot shoot. This methodology also enables us to explain the academic value of our research on this topic; and enable us to define the method and technique of financial accounting. The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Bangladesh (ICAB) has been constantly pursuing that noble duty in the CA professionals. ICAB is the sole apex body responsible for regulating the profession of accountants and the...
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...Testbank to accompany Company Accounting 10e by Ken Leo, Jeffrey Knapp, Sue McGowan & John Sweeting Prepared by Peter Baxter [pic] © John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 2015 Chapter 1: Nature and regulation of companies Multiple-choice questions 1. The advantages of a company over a partnership and sole trader do not include which of the following? a. Members are able to sell their shares at any time to another person without having to obtain permission from the other members. b. Members are liable for only a limited amount of the company’s debts. c. A company has a legal existence distinct from its owners. *d. A company is only entitled to raise small amounts of cash by issuing shares. Correct answer: d Learning Objective 1.1 ~ summarise the nature and attributes of a company 2. In Australia, the Corporations Act 2001 is administered by the: a. Australian Securities Exchange. b. Australian Accounting Research Foundation. *c. Australian Securities and Investments Commission. d. Securities and Exchange Commission. Correct answer: c Learning Objective 1.1 ~ summarise the nature and attributes of a company 3. The two main types of companies permitted to be registered under the Corporations Act 2001 are a: a. private company, and a proprietary company. b. public company, and a trade union. *c. proprietary company, and a public company. d. proprietary company, and a partnership...
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...REPORT ON THE OBSERVANCE OF STANDARDS AND CODES (ROSC) Cambodia ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING May 15, 2007 Contents Executive Summary Preface Abbreviations and Acronyms I. Introduction II. Institutional Framework III. Accounting Standards as Designed and as Practiced IV. Auditing Standards as Designed and as Practiced V. Perception of the Quality of Financial Reporting VI. Policy Recommendations EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report provides an assessment of accounting and auditing practices within the corporate sector in Cambodia with reference to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and the International Standards on Auditing (ISA) issued by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC). This assessment is positioned within the broader context of the Cambodia’s institutional framework and capacity needed to ensure the quality of corporate financial reporting Cambodia is putting in place an institutional framework with regard to accounting, auditing, and financial reporting practices. However, institutional weaknesses in regulation, compliance, and enforcement of standards and rules still exist. The accounting and auditing statutory framework suffers from inconsistencies among different laws. Although the national accounting standards and auditing standards are based on IFRS, and ISA, respectively, they appear outmoded and have gaps in comparison with the international equivalents. There are varying...
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...Auditing and Assurance Standards Council Philippine Auditing Practice Statement 1001Ph GUIDANCE IN DEALING WITH “TENTATIVE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS” PHILIPPINE AUDITING PRACTICE STATEMENT 1001Ph GUIDANCE IN DEALING WITH “TENTATIVE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS” CONTENTS Paragraphs Introduction…………………………………………………………………. BIR Requirements for Filing of Audited Financial Statements…………….. Incomplete or Unaudited Financial Statements……………………………. Responsibility over Financial Statements………………………………….. Handling of Incomplete or Unaudited Financial Statements………………. Other Considerations……………………………………………………….. Effective Date………………………………………………………………. 1-3 4-5 6-8 9-11 12-18 19 20 Philippine Auditing Practice Statements (PAPS or Statements) are issued by the Auditing Standards and Assurance Council (AASC) to provide practical assistance to auditors in implementing the Philippine Standards on Auditing (PSAs) or to promote good practice. Statements do not have the authority of PSAs. This Statement does not establish any new basic principles or essential procedures; its purpose is to assist auditors, and to develop good practice, by providing guidance on the application of the PSAs when conducting an audit of financial statements. The auditor exercises professional judgment to determine the extent to which any of the audit procedures described in this Statement may be appropriate in the light of the requirements of the PSAs and the entity’s particular circumstances. -2- PAPS 1001Ph ...
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...Buffet In the current knowledge based economy, there is a transition from matter based economy to one based on ideas. The emphasis is shifting from natural resources to new thoughts and designs. With the shift from monetary economy to knowledge based economy, the wealth can be added by increasing the intangibles. The intangibles are the growth drivers for the Indian Economy. The high productive sector is the service sector whose contribution to GDP of the nation has displaced the contribution of Agriculture and Industry and the contribution is rising. In service sector nearly 22% of the population of the nation is contributing around 55% of GDP. The reason for high productivity can be attributed to only intangibility. The financial statements of the service sector enterprises do not depict the intangibles – because of difficulty in identification, measurement and valuation. The growth of the Service Sector may be slowed down if the service firms which are mostly knowledge driven are not growing and the two major obstacles in the growth of knowledge driven firms are (a) Finance and (b) Coverage of risk. Since the methodologies have not been developed for valuation of the intellectual properties, there are no reported resources on the basis of which sources for raising the resources can be approached and also the assets can be insured. While addressing a gathering of students, an eminent speaker has said “Help the country by investing in yourself.” He emphasised that by...
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...Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia Developed under the auspices of Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council, Australian College of Nursing, Australian Nursing Federation Introduction This Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia has been developed for the nursing profession in Australia. It is relevant to all nurses at all levels and areas of practice including those encompassing clinical, management,education and research 1 domains. This Code is framed by the principles and standards set forth in the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; the World Health Organization’s Constitution and publication series entitled Health and Human Rights; and the United Nations Development Programme Human Development Report 2 2004: Cultural liberty in today’s diverse world. In considering this Code and its companion, the Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia, it should be borne in mind that they are designed for multiple audiences: nurses; nursing students; people requiring or receiving nursing care; the community generally; employers of nurses; nursing regulatory authorities; and consumer protection agencies. It is also noteworthy that the concepts of ‘ethics’ and ‘morality’ are substantially the same and have been used interchangeably throughout this Code. This Code outlines the nursing profession’s commitment to respect, promote, protect...
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...Control Policy Document Remote Access Control Policy Document 01/14/14 01/14/14 Contents 1 Policy Statement 4 2 Purpose 4 3 Scope 4 4 Definition 4 5 Risks 4 6 Applying the Policy - Passwords 5 6.1 Choosing Passwords 5 6.1.1 Weak and strong passwords 5 6.2 Protecting Passwords 5 6.3 Changing Passwords 5 6.4 System Administration Standards 6 7 Applying the Policy – Employee Access 6 7.1 User Access Management 6 7.2 User Registration 6 7.3 User Responsibilities 6 7.4 Network Access Control 7 7.5 User Authentication for External Connections 7 7.6 Supplier’s Remote Access to the Council Network 7 7.7 Operating System Access Control 7 7.8 Application and Information Access 8 8 Policy Compliance 8 9 Policy Governance 8 10 Review and Revision 9 11 References 9 12 Key Messages 9 13 Appendix 1 10 Policy Statement Richman Investments will establish specific requirements for protecting information and information systems against unauthorised access. Richman Investments will effectively communicate the need for information and information system access control. Purpose Information security is the protection of information against accidental or malicious disclosure, modification or destruction. Information is an important, valuable asset of Richman Investments which must be managed with care. All information has a value to the Council. However, not all of this information has an equal value or requires the same level of protection. Access...
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...Accounting Standards Boards Paper Kristi Crow ACC/541 Accounting Theory and Research September 30, 2015 Valerie Turnbow The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is the accounting board used in the United States. The FASB is tasked with improving and establishing the standards of financial accounting and reports for education of the public (Schroeder, Clarke, Cathey, 2011). The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) is the accounting board used to simplify the process for those seeking capital or investment opportunities across national boundaries. In this paper we will discuss the history and relationship of both the FASB and the IASB. Additionally we will discuss how the Masters of Science in Accountancy (MSA) will prepare students for a career in the vocation of accounting. FASB and IASB history The FASB was created in 1973 after the Wheat Committee, chaired by Francis Wheat suggested that the Accounting Principles Board be abolished and a new board created. The FASB was to be comprised of representatives from a variety of organizations and be full-time paid employees. The FASB has an advisory council that will keep them updated on major policy issues, as well as the selection of task forces. This council is known as the Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Council (FASAC). The IASB was also created in 1973. The IASB is an independent private sector body. The IASB has two main objectives. The first being to formulate and publish in...
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...PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND CODE OF CONDUCT The Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Bangladesh ICMA Bhaban, Nilkhet, Dhaka-1205. C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\Code-of-ethics-Rashid.doc Page 1 of 22 Foreword The Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Bangladesh (ICMAB) is pleased to publish the Professional Ethics and Code of Conduct in a book-let form. For continued growth and development of the profession, professional ethics and code of conduct is a pre-requisite. No profession can develop and can enhance its acceptability in the society without having its ethics and code of conduct. We hope that this will definitely enhance the importance and image of the profession and member of the Institute shall be bound to follow this ethics & code of conduct. Despite many twists and turns in the global economic scenario we have tried our best to keep up with the ever –changing economic events taking place within and outside our country particularly in the social, economic, financial and corporate environment. Our role and responsibility as Cost and Management Accountants and also as Cost Auditor has increased manifold requiring enhancement of our knowledge, skill and efficiency to face the challenges of dynamic business environment, where ethics & code of conduct can help perform our duties with more perfection and satisfaction. Md. Abdul Aziz, FCMA President ICMAB C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\Code-of-ethics-Rashid...
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... Financial Accounting Standards Board History The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is a private sector organization that was established in 1973. The FASB is governed by the Financial Accounting Foundation (FAF). The FAF appoints the members of the Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Council (FASAC), the council is the entity that informs the FASB of pressing issues or topics to be reviewed (2003, Webster’s). The goal of the FASB is to set standards for financial accounting practices and the production of financial reports. The FASB works to ensure that financial reporting is; transparent, reliable, relevant, comparable, and consistent. It is the responsibility of the FASB to regularly review standards, to check for deficiencies within the current standards, and to also look for methods to improve reporting based on current day needs. As set by Section 108 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act any standard set by the FASB is recognized to be “generally accepted” for the purpose of the federal securities laws (Schroeder, 2011). The FASB initially issued standards through two different types of pronouncements, these are more commonly known as Statements of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS’s) and Interpretations. Today the pronouncements are issued as Statements of Financial Accounting Concepts (SAFC’s), which disclose the objective and concepts the FASB uses to determine standards for financial accounting and reporting. Technical...
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...“Accounting – the process of identifying, measuring, and communicating economic information to permit informed judgements and decisions by users of the information.” (Warren, Reeve, & Fess, 1999, p. 5). Accounting, as so many other occupations has a rich history behind it, as well as it’s own language. Throughout this rich history it is clear to see that certain organizations relating to the accounting profession have made significant strives to improve the reliability and accuracy of what is reported. These organizations ensure that there is a framework for standards which accountants use in today’s world to speak this common language of business. The organizations, which have provided this framework, are the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, Securities and Exchange Commission, Federal Accounting Standards Board, Government Accounting Standards Board, and International Accounting Standards Committee. Each organization plays a major role in defining rules and guidelines to ensure uniformity throughout the profession. One such organization is the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). The history of this organization dates back to 1887, when the American Association of Public Accountants was formed. In 1916, the American Association was succeeded by the Institute of Public Accountants. In 1957, the name was finally changed to what we now know it as today, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. “The American...
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