...Retail Case Study: Anatomy of A Tesco Fresh & Easy Neighborhood | | BackgroundA lot of PR has been built around the much debated debut of Tesco in the US. Several sources suggest a $2 Billion commitment over the next 5 years, and stores are supposed to be opened up at the rate of 3 week per week. The company is aggressive about its strategy and is gambling big bucks on their assumptions and understanding of the US food retail market. Success will result in returns of hedge-fund proportions, given the high margins that exist in the fresh and prepared foods and the organic growth that will result from developing a consumer niche of their own. A lot of players in the grocery retail industry including big names like Whole Foods and Trader Joe’s as well as smaller convenience store chains are watching Tesco’s actions closely. Since Tesco is developing an original format that doesn’t directly align with anything else anyone is currently doing on this scale, no one is certain how much of a market-share threat this is. I don’t believe any single channel will get the brunt of market-share loss from Tesco’s success in the US, more likely it will carve a little out of all channels. There are some industry experts that call Tesco’s strategy unwise given the maturity of this industry and there are those experts that acknowledge the respectable track record this company has racked up and the business acumen of its leaders. ‘No guts no glory’ seems to be the motto at Tesco, given their...
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...2010 Census Demographic Profile Summary File 2010 Census of Population and Housing Technical Documentation Issued August 2011 DPSF/10-4 (RV) U.S. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. CENSUS BUREAU For additional information concerning the files, contact the Customer Liaison and Marketing Services Office, Customer Services Center, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC 20233, or phone 301-763-INFO (4636). For additional information concerning the technical documentation, contact the Administrative and Customer Services Division, Electronic Products Development Branch, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC 20233, or phone 301-763-8004. 2010 Census Demographic Profile Summary File 2010 Census of Population and Housing Issued August 2011 DPSF/10-4 (RV) Technical Documentation U.S. Department of Commerce Rebecca M. Blank, Acting Secretary Vacant, Deputy Secretary Economics and Statistics Administration Rebecca M. Blank, Under Secretary for Economic Affairs U.S. CENSUS BUREAU Robert M. Groves, Director SUGGESTED CITATION FILES: 2010 Census Demographic Profile Summary File— [machine-readable data files]/ prepared by the U.S. Census Bureau, 2011. TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION: 2010 Census Demographic Profile Summary File— Technical Documentation/ prepared by the U.S. Census Bureau, 2011. ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS ADMINISTRATION Economics and Statistics Administration Rebecca M. Blank, Under...
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...Head Start 1 Running Head: HEAD START Social Policy Study Improving Head Start Act of 2007 Kristin Sancken University of Minnesota Head Start 2 I. Introduction Head Start is a beloved program and one of the few social welfare programs that continues to garner strong support from both sides of the aisle. It has seen very little shift in public perception over the last 44 years since it’s creation as part of President Johnson’s Office of Economic Opportunity, and politicians have framed it essentially the same way during that time, namely, a way to provide the least fortunate with a chance at educational opportunity. Every few years, the Head Start Act must be reauthorized by the U.S. House and Senate in order to continue receiving federal funding. The Head Start Act itself states that its purpose is to, “promote the school readiness of low-income children by enhancing their cognitive, social, and emotional development”(U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). Head Start focuses on growth in a variety of areas such as acquisition of language, literacy, math, science, social and emotional functioning, creative arts, and physical education (Kildee, 2007; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). To reach these lofty goals, Head Start provides a holistic blend of services to low-income children and their families, based on family needs (Kildee, 2007; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). The latest reauthorization...
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...Western Expansion: Topics • The Native Americans • Settlement of the West • The Bonanza West • Conclusion: The Meaning of the West The Native Americans: • Life of the Plains Indians • Indian Policy • Finial Battles on the Plains • The end of tribal life • “saving” The Indians • Hellan Hunt Jackson • NA Contributions 1877 is the beginning of “modern” American history. Hayes was president and some feel he is a fraud Most people live on Eastern Seaboard. Many overcrowding. Manufacturing and limited land space. People want to live west but the Indians were there…. In 1867 Horace Greeley urged people in NYC to move west “if you move west you will crowd nobody and not starve” because nobody was there but there were over QMil Natives living in the West. The gold rush started and disturbed the native western population. 1: Life on the plains for NA. 2/3 of them lived on the great plains. It’s one of the most hazardous at the time. They knew how to survive. The plains Indians depended buffalo. They can kill and take only what they need and use the entire kill. The Whites left the carcass. It was used by them for clothes, tools, food, shelter, ect. Before the horse the NA would hunt them by running them over a cliff or scaring them into a trap. The Spanish introduces the horse to them. They discovered that it was a great work and hunting animal. They were migratory and would travel with the food source. Some tribes would be sever thousand people...
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...Necessity knows no law. Bần cùng sinh đạo tặc. In December 2008, just a few months after the U.S. financial system imploded, New York City was hit by a flurry of bank robberies. On the Monday before New Year’s, four banks were attacked in an hour-and-a-half; one daytime raid took place just steps from the Lincoln Center in downtown Manhattan. The week before, San Diego had seen four bank holdups in a single day. Criminologists wondered if the holiday spree was the first sign of a looming crime wave in recession-battered America. Take an uptick in poverty and economic misery, toss in budget cuts to police departments across the country, and that should be a blueprint for chaos—right? Except, as it turns out, the exact opposite occurred. According to FBI statistics, crime rates went down across the board in 2009. Way down. Murder, rape, robbery, assault, auto theft—plummeted, one and all. Then, this week, the FBI released preliminary data for the first six months of 2010, and again the same pattern emerged. Violent crimes and property crimes alike have been falling in every region of the country. What gives? Have experts just completely misunderstood what causes people to commit crimes? There's certainly no shortage of theories for why crime rates have gone down over the past two years. The simplest is that crime just isn’t closely related to economic conditions. Consider, after all, the two big crime epidemics in the twentieth century—the first took root in the late 1960s...
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...PROTECT CHILDREN NOT GUNS 2012 THIS REPORT IS DEDICATED TO THE MEMORY OF TRAYVON MARTIN AND THE THOUSANDS OF CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS KILLED BY GUNS EACH YEAR IN AMERICA. Children’s Defense Fund Mission Statement T he Children’s Defense Fund Leave No Child Behind® mission is to ensure every child a Healthy Start, a Head Start, a Fair Start, a Safe Start and a Moral Start in life and successful passage to adulthood with the help of caring families and communities. CDF provides a strong, effective and independent voice for all the children of America who cannot vote, lobby or speak for themselves. We pay particular attention to the needs of poor and minority children and those with disabilities. CDF educates the nation about the needs of children and encourages preventive investments before they get sick, drop out of school, get into trouble or suffer family breakdown. CDF began in 1973 and is a private, nonprofit public charity supported by foundation and corporate grants and individual donations. © 2012 Children’s Defense Fund. All rights reserved. Table of Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Stand Up and Take Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Child and Teen Gun Deaths . . . . . . . . . ....
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...Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Ontario Tobacco Research Unit November 2012 Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Suggested Citation: Ontario Tobacco Research Unit. Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report. Toronto: Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Special Report, November 2012. Ontario Tobacco Research Unit ii Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Acknowledgements Many people were involved in the preparation of this report. Key authors are Robert Schwartz, Shawn O’Connor, Alexey Babayan, Maritt Kirst, and Jolene Dubray. Marilyn Pope, David Ip, Pamela Kaufman, and Marian Smith provided editorial comments on an earlier draft and Sonja Johnston provided production assistance. The interpretation and opinions expressed in this report are the responsibility of the Principal Investigators of the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit (OTRU): Susan Bondy, University of Toronto K. Stephen Brown, University of Waterloo Joanna Cohen, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, University of Toronto Roberta Ferrence, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health John M. Garcia, University of Waterloo Paul McDonald, University of Waterloo Robert Schwartz, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Peter Selby, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto Ontario Tobacco Research Unit iii Smoke-Free Ontario Strategy Evaluation Report Table of Contents Acknowledgements...
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...Federal Trade Commission DEBORAH PLATT MAJORAS ORSON SWINDLE THOMAS B. LEARY PAMELA JONES HARBOUR JON LEIBOWITZ Maryanne Kane Charles H. Schneider Susan A. Creighton Lydia B. Parnes Luke Froeb William Blumenthal Anna H. Davis Nancy Ness Judy Maureen K. Ohlhausen Donald S. Clark Chairman Commissioner Commissioner Commissioner Commissioner Chief of Staff Executive Director Director, Bureau of Competition Director, Bureau of Consumer Protection Director, Bureau of Economics General Counsel Director, Office of Congressional Relations Director, Office of Public Affairs Director, Office of Policy Planning Secretary of the Commission Report Drafters and Contributors Louis Silvia, Assistant Director, Bureau of Economics David Meyer, Bureau of Economics Sarah M. Mathias, Office of General Counsel Policy Studies Michael S. Wroblewski, Assistant General Counsel Policy Studies Phillip L. Broyles, Assistant Director, Bureau of Competition J. Elizabeth Callison, Bureau of Economics Jeffrey Fischer , Bureau of Economics Nicolas J. Franczyk, Bureau of Competition Daniel E. Gaynor, Bureau of Economics Geary A. Gessler, Bureau of Economics James F. Mongoven, Bureau of Competition John H. Seesel, Associate General Counsel for Energy Christopher T. Taylor, Bureau of Economics Michael G. Vita, Assistant Director, Bureau of Economics Anthony G. Alcorn, Bureau of Economics Sarah Croake, Bureau of Competition Madeleine McChesney, Bureau of Economics Guru Raj, Bureau of Competition Natalie Shonka...
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...ch01 29. The set of activities that transforms raw resources into the goods and services of an organization is called: A. Value chain. B. Supply chain. C. Demand chain. D. Cost-benefit analysis. 30. Which of the following activities would not be considered a value-added activity? A. Production B. Marketing C. Accounting D. Distribution 31. Which of the following statements is false? A. In essence, the value chain and the supply chain are similar; each creates something for which the customer is willing to pay. B. Accounting systems are important because they provide all the information for decisions commonly made by managers. CThe supply or distribution chain is a linked set of organizations that exchange goods and services in . combination to provide a final product or service to the customer. D. Eliminating nonvalue-added activities always reduces costs without affecting the value of the product to customers. 32. Managers do not make decisions about future events based on: A. Perfect information. B. Estimated information. C. Actual information. D. Financial information. 33. Which of the following is a nonvalue-added activity? A. Product design B. Customer service C. Research and development D. Rework of defective items 34. (CMA adapted) An accounting system that collects financial and operating data on the basis of the underlying nature and extent of cost drivers is A. full-absorption costing. B. activity-based costing. C. variable costing...
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...APA 格式第六版 APA 格式第六版 林天祐 臺北市立教育大學 中華民國 99 年 8 月 30 日 1 APA 格式第六版 APA 格式第六版 所謂 APA 格式是指美國心理學會 (American Psychological Association) 所發行的出版手冊（Publication Manual）有關論文寫作的規定格式，APA 格式第六版在 2009 年 7 月發行，與第五版相比較，新版手冊文章結構、文 獻引用、參考文獻、圖表、統計數字等方面均有增修（請參閱本文中的對 照表） 。想要進一步瞭解其他相關內容的讀者，可直接閱讀﹕Publication manual of the American Psychological Association 一書。 本文依據第六版的最新格式，介紹撰寫研究論文最常用的規定，包括﹕ （1） 文章結構（2）文獻引用（3）參考文獻（4）圖表製作（5）數字與 統計符號，以及（6）其他常用格式等六大項。其中有關圖表製作方面，特 別提供必較詳細的實例供參考，另外中文的寫作格式，是本文作者依據 APA 格式自行訂定的，僅供參考之用，各學術單位可自行修定（如統一改用西 元年代） ，針對部分第六版未規定之格式，本文作者也建議讀者可以參考第 五版寫作。 壹、文章結構 依據 APA 的格式，文章的結構包括封面、摘要、本文、參考文獻、註 記、以及附錄與補充資料等部分（請參閱該手冊，第 23 至 40 頁） 。 封面部分依次包括報告題目、作者姓名、單位及頁首小標題（running head）四部份，首先呈現的是報告主題，題目要能確切反映研究的變項或主 要問題，避免不必要的贅詞；其次是作者的姓名（在作者姓名之後不加任 何職稱，如教授，以及學位名稱，如博士） ，及作者的服務單位及電子郵件 信箱，最後是頁首小標題，目的在方便讀者查閱，其長短英文以 50 個字母 為高限，中文長度則以足以辨識出文章題目為標準。 摘要部分依文章性質不同而異， （1）實證性文章之摘要內容包括：研 究問題、研究對象、研究方法、研究發現（含效果值、信賴區間及∕或顯 著水準） 、結論與建議； （2）文獻分析或後設分析文章之摘要內容包括：研 究問題、分析之規準、文獻選取之依據、研究結果（含主要效果值）與效 果值之主要調節變項、結論（含限制） 、建議； （3）理論性文章之摘要內容 2 APA 格式第六版 包括：理論的內涵及∕或原則、理論對實證結果的解釋程度、結論； （4） 方法論文章之摘要內容包括：相關方法之討論、本方法之特性分析、本方 法之應用範圍、本方法之統計特性（如強度、考驗力） （5）個案研究之摘 ； 內容包括：研究對象及背景特徵、個案之問題性質或解答。 英文摘要（abstract）的字數，視期刊而定以 150-250 字為上限，敘述 時依內容之重要性順序呈現，不分段落（起始行不縮排） ，有數字時，除字 首外全部採用阿拉伯數字。摘要的撰寫應力求忠實反映本文內容，用詞精 簡明確，且不添加作者本身的意見，採敘述方式而非條列方式撰寫。但學 位論文摘要，因內容較多可分段敘寫，本文作者建議以一頁為原則。 本文部分包括緒論、研究方法、研究結果、討論。緒論包括：研究問 題、研究的重要性、文獻分析、研究假設與設計；研究方法包括：研究對 象、抽樣程式、研究工具、實施程式、樣本大小、考驗力、精確值、研究變 項與與共變項、研究設計、實驗操作或介入。研究結果在忠實呈現資料分析 ...
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...***AFF*** ***1AC*** Inherency – 1AC Contention one: Inherency The new FAA bill cut funding for the AIP, which will cripple our airport infrastructure – rapid investment is critical PRINCIPATO ‘12 - president, Airports Council International-North America; M.A. in International Relations from University of Chicago; International Trade and Transportation specialist, Hunton & Williams (Greg, “Why we should invest today in 'Airports Inc.'”. March. http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/labor/218525-faa-why-we-should-invest-today-in-airports-inc) With the latest Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) forecast predicting a doubling of passengers and cargo by 2030, the current funding system is not up to the job of ensuring airports will have the infrastructure they need to handle such dramatic increases in traffic. This will have far-reaching consequences. Commercial airports are powerful economic engines, generating 10.5 million jobs and $1.2 trillion for the U.S. economy, according to a new Airports Council International-North America study. Across the country, workers and businesses count on local airports to attract investment and move people and goods around the world. Since 2001, the total number of jobs associated with airports has increased by more than 50 percent. Despite unprecedented growth and clear evidence of the economic benefits of infrastructure investments, airports expect to have $80 billion in unmet needs through 2015 because of the flawed system...
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...Grant Writing FOR DUMmIES 3RD ‰ EDITION by Dr. Beverly A. Browning, MPA, DBA Grant Writing For Dummies® 3rd Edition , Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 111 River St. Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2009 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should e addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201)748-6008, or online at http:// www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, Making Everything Easier, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/ or its affiliates in the United States and other countries, and...
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...CRIME, PROCEDURE AND EVIDENCE IN A COMPARATIVE AND INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT This book aims to honour the work of Professor Mirjan Damaška, Sterling Professor of Law at Yale Law School and a prominent authority for many years in the fields of comparative law, procedural law, evidence, international criminal law and Continental legal history. Professor Damaška’s work is renowned for providing new frameworks for understanding different legal traditions. To celebrate the depth and richness of his work and discuss its implications for the future, the editors have brought together an impressive range of leading scholars from different jurisdictions in the fields of comparative and international law, evidence and criminal law and procedure. Using Professor Damaška’s work as a backdrop, the essays make a substantial contribution to the development of comparative law, procedure and evidence. After an introduction by the editors and a tribute by Harold Koh, Dean of Yale Law School, the book is divided into four parts. The first part considers contemporary trends in national criminal procedure, examining cross-fertilisation and the extent to which these trends are resulting in converging practices across national jurisdictions. The second part explores the epistemological environment of rules of evidence and procedure. The third part analyses human rights standards and the phenomenon of hybridisation in transnational and international criminal law. The final part of the book assesses Professor...
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...NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND POLITICS GUIDE TO FOREIGN AND INTERNATIONAL LEGAL CITATIONS FIRST EDITION ● 2006 © Copyright 2006 by New York University Contents FORWARD AND GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS................................................................................................. xiii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................................................xv COUNTRY CITATION GUIDES ARGENTINA...............................................................................................................................................................1 I. COUNTRY PROFILE ..................................................................................................................................1 II. CITATION GUIDE.......................................................................................................................................2 1.0 CONSTITUTION...................................................................................................................................2 2.0 LEGISLATION......................................................................................................................................2 3.0 JURISPRUDENCE ................................................................................................................................3 4.0 BOOKS .....................................
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...Acknowledgments ix Acknowledgments This book owes a great deal to the mental energy of several generations of scholars. As an undergraduate at the University of Cape Town, Francis Wilson made me aware of the importance of migrant labour and Robin Hallett inspired me, and a generation of students, to study the African past. At the School of Oriental and African Studies in London I was fortunate enough to have David Birmingham as a thesis supervisor. I hope that some of his knowledge and understanding of Lusophone Africa has found its way into this book. I owe an equal debt to Shula Marks who, over the years, has provided me with criticism and inspiration. In the United States I learnt a great deal from ]eanne Penvenne, Marcia Wright and, especially, Leroy Vail. In Switzerland I benefitted from the friendship and assistance of Laurent Monier of the IUED in Geneva, Francois Iecquier of the University of Lausanne and Mariette Ouwerhand of the dépurtement évangélrlyue (the former Swiss Mission). In South Africa, Patricia Davison of the South African Museum introduced me to material culture and made me aware of the richness of difference; the late Monica Wilson taught me the fundamentals of anthropology and Andrew Spiegel and Robert Thornton struggled to keep me abreast of changes in the discipline; Sue Newton-King and Nigel Penn brought shafts of light from the eighteenthcentury to bear on early industrialism. Charles van Onselen laid a major part of the intellectual foundations on...
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