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Statistics Report

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Submitted By hasvini
Words 1386
Pages 6
PARTICIPANTS
A total of 50 undergraduate students from Faculty of Arts and Social (25 males, 25 females) in University Tunku Abdul Rahman Perak Campus agreed to take part in this research. They are ranging from 19 to 25 years old. Approvals were gained from all the participants before the participation. All participants were naive as to the nature of the questionnaires.

PROCEDURE
After done and printing out the questionnaires, we the researchers started to distribute the questionnaires randomly using a random sampling method which is a coin toss method at University Tunku Abdul Rahman Perak Campus. We explained the objective of this research to the participants and obtained informed consent from participants after the participants agreed to participate in this research. Participants were given 10-15 minutes to complete the questionnaires. Researchers collected back the questionnaires right after participants completed it. Participants are not allowed to change any of the answers after the submission of questionnaire. The process of this data collection took 2 days. It started from 17th January 2014 to 18th January 2014.

HOW TO GET SAMPLE
The population of this research is UTAR, Perak Campus students. While our sample is 50 undergraduate students from Faculty of Arts and Social (FAS). These 50 students were divided into 2 groups according to gender which is male and female. Therefore, our sample was 25 male students and 25 female students from FAS. We got this sampling method through random sampling method. Random sampling means every member of the population have an equal chance of being selected. Our sample is said to be an unbiased sample because the sample is chosen at random from the population. We used ‘coin toss’ method to randomly select our sample. The results are based on the coin side produced upon tossed. If the result is the head of the coin, subsequently the samples will be given the prepared questionnaire. On the reverse side, none of the sample will receive the questionnaire. This ‘coin toss’ method was repeated until 50 samples were obtained. This can be said as probability sampling as this ‘coin toss’ method is able to specify the probability that may particular sample will be selected. We successfully obtained more detailed information about how UTAR students use YouTube.

DESCRIBE THE QUESTIONNAIRE AND ITS CONTENT
Our research is about how UTAR students uses fictional social networking site called YouTube. The questionnaire consists of two sections, section A and section B. Section A contained demographic information which included name, age and gender of participants. The reason for asking this demographic information is to gain background information about participants. Whereas, section B consists of questions that we would like to ask regarding our research which is how UTAR students uses fictional networking site called YouTube. There are altogether 8 questions in our questionnaire. 6 of the questions are open ended questions while the rest of 2 questions are close ended. Close ended questions are usually easy to answer as the optional answers are provided or only basic information is required as answer. Therefore, long thinking is not needed. Whereas, in order to answer open ended questions, one need to think as the question may need opinion or point of view as the answer. Our first question is ‘how many years you accessed to YouTube’. This question is to understand or retrieve the periodic or familiarisation of a YouTube. Next question would be ‘how frequent do you access to YouTube in a day’. The reason we asking this question is to know the frequency of the user accessing to YouTube in a day so that it would be easy for us to interpret the data later on. Next, we also asked for the type of video that participants access the most in YouTube. This is to understand the preferred genre or category the user normally surfs. Another question will be whether participants login to YouTube with personal account or not. By asking this question, we will know whether the user chose to be known or unknown on the site. In order to understand the attitude of sharing among participant’s friends, we also asked how frequent they share the videos that they watched. Last close ended question will be how frequent they like the video that they watched so that we can know the retention rate of the user. Furthermore, we added two more open ended questions. Firstly, ‘how did YouTube benefit you’? Participants need to think about the advantages they gained from surfing YouTube so that they can answer this question. Lastly, we asked about the disadvantages of using YouTube. This question also requires the participants to give answer based on their bad experience while using YouTube.

INSTRUMENTS
One of the most important parts of a research is the research instrument. This is because they help us to collect data regarding the research. Without them, it would be impossible to put the data in hand. In this research, the instrument that we used is questionnaire. Questionnaire is the most common instrument or tool of research to obtain data beyond the physical reach of researcher. For example, we can send the questionnaire to people very far away or just around the corner. Basically, there are 2 types of questionnaire which are open ended and close ended. Close ended questionnaire has a number of questions and limited choice of answers. Participants need to choose of the option from the options of answers provided. Whereas, open ended questionnaire also has a number of questions. But the answer needs to be in short sentences of in the form of short essay. The content may vary according to the respondents. In our research, we do include both open ended and close ended questions. Furthermore, we followed some guidelines during the preparation of questionnaire. One of the guideline is clarity of language. We used simple and clear English so that participants will not have any difficulties in understanding the questions. Next, we make sure that the questions are relevant to the object of study in order to make the analysis part easier. We as researcher do not wish to confuse participants by giving unconnected questions of the topic. Moreover, there are some principles that we considered during construction of questionnaire. One of it is, avoiding terms that could easily be misinterpreted. Next, we aware of double negative questions. We also avoided double barrelled questions. Lastly, we designed questions that can give complete answers. By doing questionnaires, there are some advantages that we can gain. Firstly, questionnaires consume less time if compared to other instruments like interview or observation. Next, confidentiality of respondent’s reaction and answer is preserved. However, there are some disadvantages of questionnaire as well. One of the main disadvantages is mailing and printing is costly. Moreover, response rate might be slow and this varies according to participants. Adding on, most of the participants will give socially acceptable answers only. These might affect the result of the research. But this questionnaire is still preferable by many researches as this is one the most convenient and easiest way of collecting information or data.

HOW TO CONDUCT THE RESEARCH
After done and printing out the questionnaires, we the researchers started to distribute the questionnaires randomly using a random sampling method which is a coin toss method at University Tunku Abdul Rahman Perak Campus. We explained the objective of this research to the participants and obtained informed consent from the participants after the participants agreed to participate in this research. The questionnaire is a combination of both close ended and open ended questions. These questions will help us to get more detailed observation about a particular subject. Close ended questions are questions where the participants can answer yes or no or choose answer from limited choice of answers that provided; questions that are much narrowed defined. Whereas, for open ended questions the respondent supplies their own answer without being constrained by a fixed set of possible responses. For example, the answers can be suggestions, opinions or ideas. Participants were given 10-15 minutes to complete the questionnaires. Researchers collect back the questionnaires right after participants completed it. Participants are not allowed to change any of the answers after the submission of questionnaire. The process of this data collection took 2 days. It started from 17th January 2014 to 18th January 2014.

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