...IMPACT OF STEALTH TECHNOLOGY ON AIR DEFENCE “Stealth refers to a wide range of steps that can be taken to make aircraft harder to detect. There is a payoff and a price.” - Jay H Goldberg [i] CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. The latest trends in military aircraft manufacturing are towards development and incorporation of technology which can provide with means to avoid detection. This enhances its survivability by reducing its radar signature and hence reducing the possibility of being detected by enemy radars. The degree to which this is achieved differs from aircraft to aircraft. Certain aircraft like the B-2 and F-117 have been manufactured with this technology as the basis and are thus referred to as Stealth Aircraft. In other aircraft, stealth is achieved to a lesser degree but it nevertheless helps them in enhancing their survivability against enemy air defence. The day is not far when this technology is likely to find wide spread use in the field of aviation. 2. The dictionary defines stealth as "evasion of notice". Applied to Aerial Warfare, it implies the ability of an aircraft, or platform, to carry out its mission without being detected. Other terms such as "LO" - low observables, or "RO"- reduced observables, have also been used which imply the same thing. The very concept of 'Stealth' conjures up an image of something moving in secretly without being detected. 'Stealth' technology actually is all about the art of making aircraft, missiles and...
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...The Study on Stealth Design Technology Abstract—In this report we study some basic ideas on stealth technology. Loosely speaking, the stealth technology can be divided into two categories: the study on target shape design and the study on radar absorbing materials. In this report, we explain the basic principles of these two categories, and give some simulations by CST Microwave Studio and Feko to show the effects of stealth technology. I. I NTRODUCTION The purpose of stealth design is to protect the target from being detected by the enemy’s radar and to increase the target survivability. Ideally, for an object to be ”stealth”, it needs to have a low optical visibility in addition to being low observable in the infrared spectrum and at all radar frequency bands, also the emission of acoustic noise should be low. However, this goal is difficult to achieve, and the recent research is mainly focus on the low observability in a certain radar bandwidth. In some degree, the term ”stealth design” is equivalent to the technology of reducing target’s the Radar Cross Section (RCS). RCS is the parameter to characterize the strength of backward scattering of the target, the formal definition is σ = lim 4πR2 R−>∞ Fig. 1: B-2 stealth bomber |Es |2 , |Ei |2 (1) Fig. 2: F117 stealth fighter plane where, R is the distance from target to radar, |Es | is the scattered electric field intensity and |Ei | is the incident electric field intensity. Radar equation can be used to estimate...
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...Human Factors in Aviation Safety Final Paper Curtis D. Hudson Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Human factors in aviation isn’t a new concept but at the time when the Hubble telescope, and stealth bombers were still fresh ideas, Human factors was just now hitting its stride. In 1988, Earl Weiner and David Nagel coincidently released a book titled Human Factors in Aviation (Salas, Maurino and Curtis). During this time, HF was still being slowly accepted and established as a practice to help increase the awareness and improve aviation safety. This period is also significant because prior to then, Human Factors researchers were not involved with aviation system designs and were normally included upon design completion. The incorporation of having HF researchers involved in the design process helped the role evolve and expand the field research. As students of HF research we are aware of the importance of the technology and design of the cockpit, crew resource management (CRM), health and judgment of the crew and how automation plays a role in aviation. This was also a somewhat foreign practice in the beginning. Human Factors researchers were limited to the cockpit and overall cabin technology design. It can be argued that Human Factors in Aviation played a big role in the way business is conducted now compared to before this book was written. When we hear of an aviation mishap, particularly a plane crash, the first thing that comes...
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...How World War II Changed Warfare How World War II Changed Warfare A man wearing olive drab pants and jacket slowly props the muzzle of his Thompson .45 Caliber Sub Machine Gun on a window seal of a half decimated apartment building. He lines up his sights and waits for the signal. He wears the “Screaming Eagle” patch of the United States Army’s 101st Airborne Division. Inserted into Bastogne, France via aerial assault from a C-47 Sky Train, in December 1944. Barrels pointed downward onto the rubble covered road. Passing over the road is a German Panzer Tank followed by a platoon of German soldiers carrying MP-40 Machine Pistols. As, the 101st nervously prepares to engage a Panzer Tank, which has them outmanned and outgunned, they hear a whistling sound in the distance believed to be an aircraft. Before they know a P-51 Mustang fighter plane, also known as a “Tank Killer” swoops in and knocks the Panzer out. Unexpectedly, the airborne troops open fire. A few long seconds later, the Panzer Tank sits smoldering in flames and a platoon of Nazis lays dead all around. Never before has the world, scene such a vast arsenal of weapons and tactics used. This will be reflected on the amount of lives, military and civilian, lost in the short span of 1939-1945. The devastation that took place would not just be repaired and forgotten. There is still evidence all over the Europe, North America, and Asia, of World War II and the lives that were lost. Not only was this the...
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...Ronald Reagan - The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy POL30048GA050-1118-001 IR: The New World of International Relations October 24, 2011 Abstract In this assignment, I will write a three to five page paper on President Ronald Reagan doctrine of The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy during his presidency. In addition, this paper will address the following: 1. Summarize a situation that required U.S. diplomatic efforts during the president’s time in office. 2. Explicate the diplomatic doctrine the president followed, with reference to specific actions or events that occurred. 3. Describe the effects of these diplomatic efforts for the U.S. and other countries. 4. Assess, in conclusion, the advantages and disadvantages of the particular doctrine that was followed. Ronald Reagan - The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy In this assignment, I will discuss President Ronald Reagan’s position on The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy during his presidency. First, let me define the terms “The Cold War”, and “U.S. Diplomacy”. The Cold War was a period of military and political tension between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II. It was called the Cold War, because there was no direct fighting between the two powers. The term “U.S. Diplomacy” refers to a country’s ability or skill to negotiate on the international level between nations or groups of nations, or simply, it is political contact between national governments. Diplomacy is extremely important. It is the feedback...
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...Street, Charleston, SC 29424. Phone 843-953-7317; Email litvins@cofc.edu Submitted June, 20, 2005 to Tourism Management Revised and resubmitted May 09, 2006 Second revision October 1, 2006 ELECTRONIC WORD-OF-MOUTH IN HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT Abstract Interpersonal influence and word-of-mouth (WOM) are ranked the most important information source when a consumer is making a purchase decision. This influence may be especially important in the hospitality and tourism industry, whose intangible products are difficult to evaluate prior to their consumption. When WOM becomes digital, the largescale, anonymous, ephemeral nature of the Internet induces new ways of capturing, analyzing, interpreting, and managing online WOM. This paper describes online interpersonal influence, or eWOM, as a potentially cost-effective means for marketing hospitality and tourism, and discusses some of the nascent technological and ethical issues facing marketers as they seek to harness emerging eWOM technologies. Keywords: WOM, word of mouth, word-of-mouth, online marketing, reference groups, opinion leaders 1. Introduction Cyberspace has presented marketers with...
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...PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT APPLIED RESEARCH AIR FORCE LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT CENTER (AFLCMC) Park University Internet Campus A course paper presented to the School for Arts, Sciences, and Distance Learning in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Baccalaureate Principles of Management Park University July 2015 This paper or presentation is my own work. Any assistance I received in its preparation is acknowledged within the paper or presentation, in accordance with Park University academic honesty policies. If I used data, ideas, words, diagrams, pictures, or other information from any source, I have cited the sources fully and completely in a citation within the paper and listed on the reference page. This includes sources which I have quoted or that I have paraphrased. Furthermore, I certify that this paper or presentation was prepared by me specifically for this class and has not been submitted, in whole or in part, to any other class in this University or elsewhere, or used for any purpose other than satisfying the requirements of this class, except that I am allowed to submit the paper or presentation to a professional publication, peer reviewed journal, or professional conference. This is not a draft, and is submitted for grading to satisfy in part the requirements for this course and the program(s) in which I am enrolled. In typing my name following the word 'Signature', I intend that this certification will have the same authority and...
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...National National Herald case: HC terms Gandhis’ applications as ‘infructuous’ Updated: October 15, 2015 16:01 IST | PTI Congress president Sonia Gandhi and vice-president Rahul Gandhi during the during a rally at Ramlila Maidan in New Delhi. File photo The Congress leaders had alleged that a "different treatment" was meted out to a challenge filed by them in the case. The Delhi High Court on Thursday termed as “infructuous” the applications moved by Congress President Sonia Gandhi, her son Rahul and some other party leaders alleging a “different treatment” was meted out to a challenge filed by them in the National Herald case. The Congress leaders in their application had opposed the transfer of the case from the court of Justice Sunil Gaur who had part-heard the matter for eight months to another court of Justice P S Teji. Justice Gaur on Thursday termed their “applications” as infructuous as the matter has been listed before him by the high court registry. The judge also said that he had not recused from the matter and added that the petitions came back to him as it was part-heard by him. Even senior advocate Kapil Sibal, appearing for Sonia Gandhi, agreed with the court that the applications had become infructuous and also added that they can be withdrawn. The court, thereafter, said it will hear arguments in the matter later in the afternoon. The Gandhis in their application had said their petition challenging a trial court order in the case was transferred in violation...
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...Hunger Data The world hunger problem: Facts, figures and statistics • In the Asian, African and Latin American countries, well over 500 million people are living in what the World Bank has called "absolute poverty" • Every year 15 million children die of hunger • For the price of one missile, a school full of hungry children could eat lunch every day for 5 years • Throughout the 1990's more than 100 million children will die from illness and starvation. Those 100 million deaths could be prevented for the price of ten Stealth bombers, or what the world spends on its military in two days! • The World Health Organization estimates that one-third of the world is well-fed, one-third is under-fed one-third is starving- Since you've entered this site at least 200 people have died of starvation. Over 4 million will die this year. • One in twelve people worldwide is malnourished, including 160 million children under the age of 5. United Nations Food and Agriculture • The Indian subcontinent has nearly half the world's hungry people. Africa and the rest of Asia together have approximately 40%, and the remaining hungry people are found in Latin America and other parts of the world. Hunger in Global Economy • Nearly one in four people, 1.3 billion - a majority of humanity - live on less than $1 per day, while the world's 358 billionaires have assets exceeding the combined annual incomes of countries with 45 percent of the world's people. UNICEF ...
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...Secretary of Defense Corporate Fellows Program FINAL REPORT UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION Lt Col Clyde M. Woltman, USMC June 2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents I Introduction ii Chapter 1…United Technologies Corporation The Sectors…Corporation Overview 1 Corporate Strategy, Culture, Environment 2 “Most Admired”…A UTC Legacy 2 Chapter 2…Pratt & Whitney Organization 3 Strategic Planning Process 3 Road Maps 4 Transformation 5 “The Great Engine War” 6 Leaness 7 ACE 8 Competition…Lessons Learned? 10 Chapter 3…Maintaining the Edge Leadership Challenge…Transforming Culture 14 Growth…The Key to the Future 14 “Re-inventing the Business” 15 Enterprise Resource Planning Initiative 16 Strategic Approach to Managing Human Resources 19 Employee Services 20 Chapter 4…For DoD Lean Thinking in DoD 22 Achieving Competitive Excellence in DoD 22 Outsourcing…”Keeping Our Core Competencies in House 23 Employee Education 23 Life After the Military Service…Improving the Odds 25 Adages of Human Resources 25 Bibliography 26 INTRODUCTION Assignment Overview I was assigned as a Secretary of Defense Corporate Fellow to Pratt & Whitney Corporation, one of the six principal Sectors of United Technologies Corporation (UTC). My initial assignment with Pratt was to the F135 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Engine Program at the Military...
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...harsh economic sanctions on Russia. In any such confrontation, EU stands to lose much more than the US, though it can be argued that Russia will be the worst loser. In future, Russia may try to find new potential market for its gas and that could be India. So it is important for India to take its stand on Ukraine crisis carefully without tarnishing its relation with USA. India’s long-term prosperity hinges to some degree on a conflict free neighborhood; that an economically integrated region is in India’s overall security interests. Keywords: oil crisis, energy diplomacy, Ukraine Crisis, trade agreement, SAARC Nations Literature Review Indian foreign policy has always concentrated around major powerful nations like USA and Russia. The research which has been done so far is focused on building relations with these nations. We see that a lot of work has been done in this field- there is a...
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...Table of Contents Title Page Copyright Page Acknowledgements Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 THE BESTSELLING NOVELS OF TOM CLANCY THE TEETH OF THE TIGER A new generation--Jack Ryan, Jr.--takes over in Tom Clancy's extraordinary, and extraordinarily prescient, novel. "INCREDIBLY ADDICTIVE." --Daily Mail (London) RED RABBIT Tom Clancy returns to Jack Ryan's early days-- in an engrossing novel of global political drama . . . "A WILD, SATISFYING RIDE." --New York Daily News THE BEAR AND THE DRAGON A clash of world powers. President Jack Ryan's trial by fire. "HEART-STOPPING ACTION . . . CLANCY STILL REIGNS." --The Washington Post RAINBOW SIX John Clark is used to doing the CIA's dirty work. Now he's taking on the world . . . "ACTION-PACKED." --The New York Times Book Review EXECUTIVE ORDERS A devastating terrorist act leaves Jack Ryan as President of the United States . . . "UNDOUBTEDLY CLANCY'S BEST YET." --The Atlanta Journal-Constitution DEBT OF HONOR It begins with the murder of an American woman in the back streets of Tokyo. It ends in war . . . "A SHOCKER." --Entertainment...
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...STARS WITHOUT NUMBER For Eden, who gave me a reason. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ..............................................................................................................5 Character Creation ....................................................................................................7 Psionics ...................................................................................................................25 Equipment ..............................................................................................................33 Systems ...................................................................................................................59 The History of Space ...............................................................................................71 Game Master’s Guide ..............................................................................................78 World Generation ...................................................................................................87 Factions .................................................................................................................113 Adventure Creation ...............................................................................................128 Alien Creation .......................................................................................................138 Xenobestiary ........................................................................
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...The Boeing Company 2010 Annual Report At Boeing, we aspire to be the strongest, best and best-integrated aerospace-based company in the world — for today and tomorrow. The Boeing Company Boeing is the world’s largest aerospace company and leading manufacturer of commercial airplanes and defense, space and security systems. A top U.S. exporter, the company supports airlines and U.S. and allied government customers in more than 90 countries. Our products and tailored services include commercial and military aircraft, satellites, weapons, electronic and defense systems, launch systems, advanced information and communication systems, and performance-based logistics and training. With corporate offices in Chicago, Boeing employs more than 160,000 people across the United States and in 70 countries. Our leadership is strengthened further by hundreds of thousands of people who work for Boeing suppliers worldwide. Contents Operational Summary Message From Our Chairman The Executive Council Financial Results Form 10-K Selected Programs, Products and Services Shareholder Information Board of Directors Company Officers 1 2 7 8 9 134 141 142 142 Cover photo: 787 Dreamliner in flight test Photo above: F/A-18E/F Super Hornet strength Operational Summary Q Earned net income of $3.3 billion, or $4.46 per share, compared with $1.3 billion, or $1.87 per share, in 2009. Q Delivered 115 production military aircraft, two launch vehicles and four satellites, and increased backlog...
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...the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2009 School of Social and Political Sciences Faculty of Arts The University of Melbourne Produced on archival quality paper ABSTRACT This thesis aims to examine how and why a continental-oriented China has shifted its maritime strategic orientation and naval force structure from its coast toward the far seas in an era of interdependent international system. Generally, China is an ancient continental land power with an incomplete oceanic awareness. With the transformation after the Cold War of China’s grand strategy from landward security to seaward security, maritime security interests have gradually become the most essential part of China’s strategic rationale. Undoubtedly, the quest for sea power and sea rights has become Beijing’s main maritime strategic issue. Given China’s escalating maritime politico-economic-military leverage in the Asia-Pacific region, its desire to become a leading sea power embodying global strategic thinking means that it must expand its maritime strategy by developing its navy and preparing for armed confrontation in terms of international relations realism. Conversely, Beijing’s maritime policy leads at the same time towards globalization, which involves multilateralism and strategic coexistence of a more pragmatic kind. This research analyses Chinese maritime strategy in the Asia-Pacific by asking: ‘Whither the Chinese maritime strategy in the ever changing Asia-Pacific security environment since...
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