...UNIVERSITY FOR DEVELOPMENT STUDIES SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND LAW DEPARTMENT MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION COURSE CODE: IBS 411 COURSE: PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING GROUP 10 28TH NOVERMBER, 2014 GROUP 10 ID NUMBER SIGNATURE IBS/1562/11 ………………………. IBS/1528/11 ………………………. IBS/1593/11 ………………………. IBS/1552/11 ………………………. IBS/1538/11 ………………………. IBS/1487/11 ………………………. IBS/1592/11 ………………………. IBS/1450/11 ………………………. IBS/1550/11 ………………………. IBS/1460/11 ………………………. IBS/1595/11 ……………………… IBS/1586/11 ……………………… IBS/1467/11 ……………………… Question 1 Evaluate the steps in the preparation of a local government budget. The term budget is derived from the French word "Budgette" which means a "leather bag" or a "wallet". In simple terms, budget shows the income and expenditure of government or an organization for a specified period. Budgeting on the other hand is the process of preparing a budget. An annual budget, sometimes referred to as the operating budget, is the document that details the financial plan of the local government or school district for a fiscal year. The annual budget is perhaps an entity’s most vital document...
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...INTRODUCTION Whether you are in a developed, developing, or underdeveloped nation, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a very prevalent condition. In fact, IBS is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders worldwide (Hyland et al., 2014). Ironically, however, it is one of the most widely misunderstood. IBS is typically defined as a chronic intestinal disorder with ranging symptoms from sharp abdominal pain to altered bowel habits. However, this characterization of the disease is vaguely accurate as IBS is uniquely tailored to each person. The disorder is so individualized that it must be further categorized into IBSD (IBS with diarrhea), IBSC (IBS with constipation), and IBSM (mixed IBS). As a result, the disease is difficult to diagnose...
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...Business and Director, Centre for Emerging Markets, at Northeastern University, USA. E- mail r.ramamurti@neu.edu. This essay draws heavily on the author’s two papers (“Why Study Emerging-market Multinationals?” and “What Have We Learned about Emerging –market Multinationals?”) in Ravi Ramamurti & Jitendra V. Singh (eds.) (2009), Emerging Multinationals in Emerging Markets, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Research on Internationalization of Indian Firms Research on India’s emerging multinational enterprises (MNEs) may be intrinsically rewarding for India specialists, but to interest the broader community of international business (IB) scholars, it must contribute to IB theory more generally. In this essay, I will suggest a few ways in which such a contribution might be made. My argument, quite simply, is that the extant IB literature on how firms become multinationals is rather limited and that research on the internationalization of Indian firms provides an...
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...Aggarwal ABSTRACT This chapter explores how scholarly work in the fields of Finance and International Business (IB) can be mutually supportive. First, it is clear that technology has been a major driver of modern developments in both Finance and IB. Second, Finance can provide many insights into IB scholarship since it has much to say about firm operations and strategy. Third, IB scholarship with its focus on culture also provides significant opportunities for a better understanding of the global aspects of Finance. Finally, it is contended that transaction-costs economics provides an excellent theoretical and fundamental basis for bringing together IB concepts and Finance scholarship. However, while the potential for Finance and IB scholarship to contribute to each other is great, such advances must await the removal of cultural barriers between the two disciplines. INTRODUCTION The field of IB generally focuses on inter-national business, that is, business across national boundaries and, thus, in diverse institutional and cultural International Business Scholarship: AIB Fellows on the First 50 Years and Beyond Research in Global Strategic Management, Volume 14, 115–138 Copyright r 2008 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited All rights of reproduction in any form reserved ISSN: 1064-4857/doi:10.1016/S1064-4857(08)00001-6 115 116 RAJ AGGARWAL settings. Consequently, IB deals...
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...Journal of International Business Studies (2006) 37, 525–543 & 2006 Academy of International Business All rights reserved 0047-2506 $30.00 www.jibs.net Cross-cultural competence in international business: toward a definition and a model James P. Johnson1, Tomasz Lenartowicz2 and Salvador Apud3 Crummer Graduate School of Business, Rollins College, Winter Park, USA; 2Deparment of Management, International Business and Entrepreneurship, College of Business, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA; 3LBJ School of Public Affairs, The University of Texas, Austin, USA Correspondence: Dr James P. Johnson, Crummer Graduate School of Business, Rollins College, Office number 204, Winter Park, FL 32789, USA. Tel: þ 1 407 646 2486; Fax: þ 1 407 646 1550; E-mail: jpjohnson@rollins.edu 1 Abstract Many international business failures have been ascribed to a lack of crosscultural competence (CC) on the part of business practitioners. However, the international business literature appears to lack an adequate conceptualization and definition of the term ‘CC’, focusing instead on the knowledge, skills and attributes that appear to be its antecedents. In this conceptual study, we propose a definition of CC as it applies to international business and develop a model for understanding how CC is nurtured in individuals, linking our definition to the concept of cultural intelligence. We discuss the components of the model and suggest that there are environmental and contextual impediments...
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...Name______________________________________________ IB Guide to Writing Lab Reports Standard and Higher Level Chemistry 2010-2011 Table of Contents page 1 Explanations, Clarifications, and Handy Hints page 2 - 13 IB Laboratory Evaluation Rubric page 14 - 15 Formal Lab Report Format page 16 Error Analysis Types of Experimental Errors page 17 Error Analysis: Some Key Ideas page 18 Precision and Accuracy in Measurements A Tale of Four Cylinders Assessment of Errors and Uncertainties in IB Lab Reports Explaining Terms and Concepts in Error Analysis page 19 - 20 page 21 Mathematics of Evaluating Accuracy and Precision page 26 - 27 Rejection of Data page 28 More Examples of Propagating Error page 29 - 31 page 22 - 25 Typical Instrumental Uncertainties page 32 Checklist for Writing IB Lab Reports page 33 - 34 Please read carefully and keep this handy reference for future use in writing exemplary lab reports. Page 1 IB Guide to Writing Laboratory Reports Explanations, Clarifications, and Handy Hints The nature of science is to investigate the world around you. An inquiring mind is essential to science. Experiments are designed by curious minds to gain insight into wonder-producing phenomena. Hopefully, this process of designing experiments, doing experiments, thinking about experimental results, and writing lab reports will tremendously benefit YOU! IB Chemistry is the challenge you have chosen. Congratulations! IB learners strive...
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...recognizes lack of commitment and long term planning problems in case of Pakistan. Introduction Islamic banking system has emerged as a competitive and a viable substitute for the conventional banking system during the last three decades. It is especially true for Muslim world where presently Islamic banking strides at two separate fronts. At one side, efforts are also underway to covert the entire financial systems in accordance to Islamic laws (Shariah). At the other side, separate Islamic banks are allowed to operate in parallel to conventional interest based banks. Pakistan and Malaysia are the two good examples of above mentioned approaches. Both countries adopted different tracks for the same ultimate destination of developing full fledge viable Islamic financial system and produced quite interesting results. The Government of Pakistan tried to covert the entire financial system to an interest free system through presidential orders at a national level. However, the overnight practice of islamization didn’t achieve the required success. Most of the efforts have either been reversed or further developments have been stopped. Malaysia opted for the...
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...A Brief Understanding of IBS ‐‐A Case Study of Toyota A Brief Understanding of International Business Strategy --A Case Study of Toyota by Peter LIU, peterliu@acculine‐mfg.com MSc International Business P14B45 International Business Strategy Lecturer: Dr Yee Kwan Tang Sponsored by 10 May 2010 Acculine Precision Manufacturing Company Tel: 0086-574-28887315, Fax: 0086-574-28875303, Web: www.acculine-mfg.com, email: info@acculine-mfg.com A Brief Understanding of IBS --A Case Study of Toyota Page 1 / 12 Content Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 2 Basic Concept of International Business Strategy ................................................................. 2 Brief Background of The World Auto Industry .................................................................... 4 Brief Background of Toyota .................................................................................................. 4 IBS of Toyota ........................................................................................................................ 6 Entry to US Market ........................................................................................................... 7 Americanization as A Way of Localization ...................................................................... 8 Recommendations...
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...It is hard difficult to get develop good habits started when our society puts places so much value in fast and easy because there is nothing fast or easy about living a healthy lifestyle and losing weight. This paper will work to provepresents the hypothesis that people who eat healthy and exercise are more likely to live more active lives than those who do not. Fast food chains advertise cheap and quick family dinners that play to the public's desire to get what they are getting and move on. Technology today putsplaces convenience ats the top priority. Shopping online has reached an all new level, and anything can be purchased online from clothes and accessories to groceries. What incentive do people have to leave their couch when they can have dinner delivered for cheap and have all their needs dropped on their doorstep? Dollar menu's fill the airwaves, and while most fast food chains like McDonald's and Chik-fil-A post the calorie count on their menu board it is hard difficult not to notice see that the more expensive items are the lowest calorie items. Salads are often three times the cost of a value menu hamburger and fries (cite). At the grocery store, the scene situation is much the same. There are frequently sales on hHigh calorie, high sodium, or high sugar goods are often far more inexpensive, while the produce and healthy options are significantly more (cite). For people struggling to make ends meet the obvious choice will be the cost effective one. Sometimes the...
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...You? ................................................................................. 4 How to Become a Drug Dealer................................................................................... 5 Why Would a Bank, or Any Company, Want to Hire You? ......................................... 8 Action Plan, Step 1: Plan Your Strategy ................................................................... 10 Your Strategy: Action Steps ..................................................................................... 15 Action Plan, Step 2: Craft Your Story ....................................................................... 16 Your Story: Action Steps .......................................................................................... 22 Action Plan, Step 3: Network Like a Pro................................................................... 25 Networking Strategy #1: Developing Relationships .................................................. 25 Networking Strategy #2: Cold-Calling (and Cold-Emailing) ...................................... 34 Your Networking Crash Course: Action Steps.......................................................... 39 Action Plan, Step 4: Write a Resume / CV That Wins You...
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...WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: a Summary First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care is Safer Care a WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: a Summary © World Health Organization 2009 WHO/IER/PSP/2009.07 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: bookorders@who.int). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; e-mail: permissions@who.int). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable...
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...Investigation Criteria for Full Markings (Syllabus Excerpt) • Analyses and compares perceptively art from different cultures and times, and considers it thoughtfully for its function and significance. • Demonstrates the development of an appropriate range of effective skills, techniques and processes when making and analysing images and artifacts. • Demonstrates coherent, focused and individual investigative strategies into visual qualities, ideas and their contexts, an appropriate range of different approaches towards their study, and some fresh connections between them. • Demonstrates considerable depth and breadth through the successful development and synthesis of ideas and thoroughly explained connections between the work and that of others. • Demonstrates effective and accurate use of the specialist vocabulary of visual arts. • Uses an appropriate range of sources and acknowledges them properly. • Presents the work effectively and creatively and demonstrates effective critical observation, reflection and discrimination. • Presents a close relationship between investigation and studio. Outline and Explanation: • Introduction Page- introduce the studio work you plan on investigation, brainstorming and creating. Explain why you are interested in that specific studio work creation. Give a few minor sketches of how you visualize the project. • Brainstorming Page- brainstorm your ideas. The brainstorming page may turn...
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...IB 2-4 Tasks 1-2 Week 1 Jones: Chapter 2 – Basic Challenges of Organizational Design Differentiation - differentiation = process by which an organization allocates people and resources to organizational tasks and establishes the task and authority relationships that allow the organization to achieve its goals à process of establishing and controlling the division of labor/the degree of specialization o necessary because of increased complexity with growth Organizational roles - - organizational role = set of task-related behaviors required of a person by his or her position in an organization à identifiable tasks and responsibilities allow for accountability o organization structure is based on interlocking roles authority = power to hold people accountable for their actions and to make decisions concerning the use of organizational resources à results from differentiation into individual organizational roles control = ability to coordinate and motivate people to work in the organization’s interests Subunits: Functions and Divisions - - function = subunit composed of a group of people, working together, who possess similar skills or use the same kind of knowledge, tools or techniques to perform their jobs à as organizations grow, they differentiate into 5 different kinds of functions: o support functions – facilitate control of relations with environment and stakeholders (purchasing, sales & marketing, public relations, legal affairs) ...
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...The CIPD Profession Map Our Professional Standards The CIPD Profession Map Our Professional Standards Contents Introduction The CIPD Profession Map The design principles and architecture of the Profession Map Bands and transitions Professional areas Professional area definitions 1 Insights, strategy and solutions 2 Leading HR 3 Organisation design 4 Organisation development 5 Resourcing and talent planning 6 Learning and development 7 Performance and reward 8 Employee engagement 9 Employee relations 10 Service delivery and information Behaviours The Profession Map behaviours Curious Decisive thinker Skilled influencer Personally credible Collaborative Driven to deliver Courage to challenge Role model 2 4–7 4 6 8–46 9 10 14 17 20 23 26 30 33 36 39 42–51 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 1 Profession Map – Our Professional Standards V2.4 INTRODUCTION Introduction DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE The CIPD Profession Map sets out standards for HR professionals around the world: the activities, knowledge and behaviours needed for success. Use the standards in the CIPD Profession Map for you and your organisation to: • define great HR • diagnose areas of success and improvement • build HR capability • recognise achievement through professional qualifications and membership. By the profession, for the profession BANDS AND TRANSITIONS Based on research and collaboration with organisations around the world, and continuously reviewed and updated with our research...
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...CIS1101 REVIEW QUESTIONS AND CASE STUDY QUESTIONS Click below link for Answer http://workbank247.com/q/cis1101-review-questions-and-case-study-cis-1101-r/23695 http://workbank247.com/q/cis1101-review-questions-and-case-study-cis-1101-r/23695 MODULE 1 CHAPTER 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS 1. Briefly describe the technologies that led businesses into the second wave of electronic commerce. 3. Briefly describe the specific activities that a computer assembly operation might include in B2B electronic commerce for its supply management or procurement operations. 5. Many business analysts have discussed the concept of the first-mover advantage. What are some of the disadvantages of being a first mover? CASE STUDY C1 CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS 1. Toys“R”Us sales exceeded $300 million by 2004 on the Amazon.com site. Explain how Amazon, Toys“R”Us, and other toy sellers who participated in Amazon’s Marketplace retailer program benefitted from the network effect as a result of the relationship between Amazon and Toys“R”Us. 2. In 2004, Toys“R”Us sued Amazon.com for violating terms of the agreement between the companies; specifically, Toys“R”Us objected to Amazon.com’s permitting Amazon Market-place retailers to sell toys. (Note: When the lawsuit was filed, Amazon Marketplace was called “zShops.”) Amazon.com responded by filing a countersuit. After more than two years of litigation, a New Jersey Superior Court judge ruled that the agreement had been violated...
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