...Criminal Justice Process 1 Criminal Justice Process Betsabe Aguirre CRJ 100, Section 010016 Professor Nicholas Myles, J.D. October 12, 2010. Criminal Justice Process 2 Criminal Justice Process Imagine living in the US where crime is out of control. Where laws are broken and there is no punishment for our actions. It wouldn’t be a nice place to live. This is why we have the criminal justice process. The agencies of criminal justice must process the cases that come before them. They begin with an investigation of the reported crime. Placing crime under control is a complicated process requiring information and following many steps. It consists of Investigation and Arrest, Pretrial Activities, Adjudication, Sentencing, and Corrections. Investigation and Arrest The first step in the criminal justice process is investigation and arrest. When a crime has been committed the first thing law enforcement does is conduct an investigation. Evidence is gathered at the crime scene and a follow up investigation to try to put together the sequence of activities. Depending on the results they may choose to arrest an individual or individuals. If they make no arrest the process is complete. But if an arrest is made the suspect will be booked. When the suspect is being booked which means a procedure where pictures are taken, fingerprints are made, and personal information such as their name, address, date of birth, weight, and height is gathered and put into the system. Details...
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...Criminal Justice Process 1 Criminal Justice Process Amber Parker Saint Leo University Criminal Justice Process 2 There are 16 processes in the Criminal Justices system. They are Intake ,First Appearance, Bail, Right To Counsel, Substance Abuse Evaluations, Pre-Indictment Events , Plea Bargains, Pretrial Intervention Program (P.T.I.), The Grand Jury, The Indictment Process, The Pre-Arraignment Conference and Arraignment, The Status and Pretrial Conferences, Trials, Presentence Investigations, Reports and Sentencing, Post-Conviction Motions, and the "TEAM" concept in Criminal Case Processing I will address a few of those process and how they work. The first process is the reporting of a crime and the arrest. The second process is Intake the Criminal Division of Superior Court manages criminal complaints from the time they are lodged to their resolution or "disposition". The accused, or "defendant" is charged with an offense as a result of a formal complaint issued by a law enforcement agent or a citizen who believes an offense has been committed against their person or property. It can also result from an "indictment" by a panel of citizens gathered to consider evidence, called a "grand jury". Arrests can occur at the scene of a crime or based on warrants or sworn statements ordering a court appearance. All arrests must be based on "probable cause", or reasonable grounds...
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...The Criminal Investigation Process is a very important aspect of the criminal justice system in today’s society. The smallest mistake in any investigation can allow a dangerous criminal to walk free. The process sets guidelines for law enforcement officers and forensic investigators to follow when processing a scene, collecting evidence, and reporting their findings. The essential steps for any investigations team to follow are: Determine team composition, control contamination, document the scene, prioritize evidence collection, and collect, preserve, inventory, package, and transport and submit evidence. After all of that is accomplished the team has to get together to debrief about the crime scene, perform the final survey of the scene and document it. From there the evidence is processed, lab tests are performed, and all the information is submitted to the district attorney’s office so that charges can be filed. Following the process carefully and correctly is very important to the investigation; any missed steps can result in overlooked evidence and can bring the investigation to a standstill. The investigation process is vital to an investigation’s success and to the conviction of the criminals involved. The first step in the criminal investigation process is to determine the team composition. This step requires the lead investigator to assess the scene quickly and determine what resources and how many personnel will be necessary to process the scene efficiently. The...
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...which you explain the components of the criminal justice system and the criminal justice process. Include how the structure of the government relates to the criminal justice system. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Post your paper as an attachment. Criminal Justice System Paper The phrase criminal justice system refers to a collection of federal, state, and local public agencies that deal with the crime problem. These agencies process suspects, defendants, and convicted offenders and are interdependent as the decisions of one agency affect other agencies. The basic framework of the system is provided by the legislative, judicial, and executive branches of government. Criminal justice is a process, involving a series of steps beginning with a criminal investigation and ending with the release of a convicted offender from correctional supervision. “In the United States the criminal justice system are divided into three categories: federal, state, and military” (Theresa Smith, 1999-2012). There are two goals in the criminal justice system; the “first step the need to enforce the law and to maintain public order and the second step; is the need to protect individuals from injustice, especially at the hands of the criminal justice system” (Schmalleger, 2011). The criminal justice process is taking several steps taken to process a criminal case beginning with an investigation and arrest. The police do and investigation while gathering enough evidence that...
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...Courtney Sands December 4, 2015 Professor Sever Criminal Investigation Unit 2: Reconstructing the Past As we are covering unit two within our discussion and seminar. As the assignment was presented to us. We have to discuss the methods of inquiry and how they are used in criminal investigations, then the steps to reconstruct a case and how we illustrate the concepts through a hearsay case, then understanding the fundamentals are identified witness, offenders, connecting evidence from the scene. A method of inquiry must be based on the assembly of the obvious, experimental, and measureable evidence subject to specific value of reasoning. It is part of the technical method, and they are used as part of a criminal investigation to achieve a number of goals, but biggest of which is usually determine the criminal. The scientific method is a systematic approach of observation, theory testing, and hypothesis evaluation that forms the basis for modern science. The method of analysis, at the most basic level, includes interviews and interrogations, and a on a crime scene specific levels also includes canvassing. Who gives the investigators information on what they could have seen what possibly could have happened at the scene. Interviews are non-protective, and are the common way to gather information from crime victims and witnesses, or even from stoolpigeons who might passes further information to help shed light upon the facts on the open case. Cross-examinations on the...
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...discussed will be the scientific method of investigation and the effects that tunnel vision and group think play have on it. With in this topic I will outline the steps involved in the scientific method of investigation and define the concepts of tunnel vision and groupthink along with ways to combat the effect in a policing context. 1A In matters heard before a court, a brief of evidence is prepared and provided to the court...
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...Dell Roberson Research Process and Terminology Research Methods in Criminal Justice July 24, 2012 Abstract When people are learning about the criminal justice, they learn that research method and terminology plays a major role in the academic and law enforcement field. These research methods and terminologies used daily with the police officers or detectives for investigation cases. Effective research methods and terminologies also used by attorneys or paralegals in criminal justice field to open and close cases in the court. Research methods are the tools that identify the issues in criminal justice from its point of view and base on the nonscientific problem or issue. “Knowledge is why people create reality and describe by Comte. This paper tells different type of research methods that are applied in the criminal justice field and how the terminology involved with these types of research methods. Scientific Research in Criminal Justice In many criminal justice fields, the law enforcements start to gather the documents and data information. They begin to observe the information or facts about the crime. Many of them use a systematic method to check the information such as asking questions about who, what, where, when, why, and how of the crime. They begin to gathering the piece together, by the facts and determining if there is enough evidence for the case. The hypothesis takes a part...
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...Roles and Stages of the Criminal Justice System Marlena Moore AIU Online International Roles and Stages of the Criminal Justice System In my paper I will discuss and give an overview of the criminal justice system and the different roles the different officers of the courts play. And the different stages that a defendant goes thru and when the decision is made to arrest and take the individual to trial. And the different stages of the investigation and who is involved. Roles and Stages of the Criminal Justice System The different stages are the Pre-arrest investigation that’s the stage takes place after a report of a criminal activity has taken place. Before an arrest is made law enforcement investigate whether a crime has occurred. Once they get the information is gather then they making a decision about whether a crime committed and who needs to be arrested. Then you have the Arrest and that’s when the accused is taken into custody by law enforcement. And that can happen in two ways: 1) law enforcement arrives on the scene and decides that there is probable cause to make an arrest and the officer can take the person into custody immediately, 2) the officer makes an arrest because he has a warrant for the individual. Then you have the Initial Appearance that usually happens following the arrest, the accused must be brought before the court. The court will tell the accused the charges and advise them of their rights to counsel and the right to remain silent. Then...
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...through a process including; personal interview, criminal record check, background investigation, driving record check, medical exam, psychological evaluation, drug test, written aptitude test, physical agility test, polygraph exam and voice stress analyzer ("Requirements to Become a Police Officer", 2003-2012). Law enforcement agencies not only hire officers, their goal is also to retire them as well. By doing so, they depend on career development programs. As for a local police; there are four steps in to becoming a police officer. It sounds like four simple steps and one becomes a police officer, in the contrary four steps go along way. The first step is meeting basic prerequisites; according to "Requirements To Become A Police Officer" (2003-2012), “all police departments require their police officers to have at least a high school diploma or equivalent education” (Step 1: Meet Basic Prerequisites). Age limit is another requirement; almost all local police agencies require a candidate to be at least 21 years old, also be a U.S. citizen and have a valid driver’s license including a clean record as well. Step two: According to "Requirements To Become A Police Officer" (2003-2012), “complete undergraduate school; although it is not required to have a degree, completing an associate or bachelor's degree program in criminal justice, law enforcement or a related discipline can be helpful in obtaining a job as a police officer” (Step 2: Complete Undergraduate...
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...Research Process and Terminology Paper 334 CJA June 13, 2011 Research Process and Terminology Terminology in any profession is key to understanding what is being done and why. Many professions have their own way or methods of research. Not knowing the proper terminology can affect one’s job. One’s that know the terminology and methods have a wide range throughout their job when evaluating and analyzing research. Research is the process of collecting and analyzing information, and includes any gathering of data, information, and facts for the advancement of knowledge. Once the professional has become familiar with the terminology used in the research process, the professional will be able to provide technical reports, academic concepts, and provide the discoveries of his or her research. When does research process begin? It begins with problem formulation. Problem formulation is to review, selection, and specification of the area to be investigated. Researchers organize research by formulating and defining a research problem, which is the main issue of the research in most cases. Before attempting to solve a problem, researchers must first define the problem as in any problem. The more difficult it is to define the problem, the harder he or she has to try. Once the problem formulation is complete, researchers can stay focused on the research process. Second is research design. Research designs are the type of experimental or non-experimental...
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...Introduction There are procedures that aid criminal investigators in their investigation. The procedures allow the investigators to solve the crime efficiently as well as deterring future crimes. Present day crimes just as human nature are complex. The extent of sophistication of how crimes remains committed and the challenges associated with criminal laws have placed a significant burden, on people choosing a career in criminal investigation and prosecution of criminals, within the system of criminal justice. Most concerns while conducting a criminal investigation has always been on the legality of when and how to conduct the exercise. Physical evidence collection, witness interviewing and assorted surveillance used in the investigation, all fall under a keenly watched category in the investigative process, not all investigations ends correctly; however, the ultimate goal of an investigative process depends on the process undertaken. For this reason, investigative process should follow a predefined pattern. This calls for frequent simulation exercise undertaken by investigators to keep them in check with the predefined patterns of investigation. This paper seeks to give responses to some of the questions posed in a simulation exercise aimed at standardizing a criminal investigation involving multiple explosions traversing two states. Investigative task force Assuming that legal authority was not an issue, should this investigation be conducted by VPD personnel or a multijurisdictional...
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...information and or credit information * Gaining access to customer SSN’s, Driver Licenses Numbers, etc. * Effects: Criminals had access to personal information pertaining to those specific customers * Criminals had in some instances abbreviated credit reports * Identity Theft/Credit Reports * Effects: Criminals had access to customer bankruptcies, liens, and judgments * Criminals also gained access to professional licenses and real property data * Publicly-known investigation overall * Effects: ChoicePoint had to pay back considerable expenses, a class-action lawsuit, and a Senate investigation * Overall, ChoicePoint experienced a 20% drop in the share price Tangible Effects | Intangible Effects | The physical breach of ChoicePoint’s authentication system | Loss of business reputation | Loss of money | Loss of customer loyalty | 20% loss of share price | Loss of customer trust | A class-action lawsuit | Loss of future customers | A senate investigation | Loss of brand image | High cost for replacement systems/security | Loss of employee reputation/satisfaction | Physical access to over 145,000 customers personal information | Loss of future business sales | 2.) Action Taken | Effects of Action | Contact of authorities | * Police launch a publicly-known investigation. * Police look to find those responsible for breaching authentication system of SharePoint | Established hotline for customers...
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...basics of what to do in investigations. These topics will start with the basic principles of an investigation then lead into the criminal investigation basics then learn the proper evidence acquisition and management the next step in the guide to helping you with the investigation process is employee and administrative investigations ending with personnel investigations. Investigation Principles Investigations are the examination, study, tracking, and the gathering of factual information (Sennewald-Tsukayama 2006). With this being said the investigation process is more of an art form than it is science, but science in many investigations plays a large part. The person that is doing the investigation is the gather of facts; this person must hypotheses and is able to draw a conclusion that is based on the information and the evidence. The basic principle in investigation is that the process is a comprehensive activity that involves the collection of information with the application of logic and the ability to use sound reasoning. The basic end result in any investigation is that it is a factual explanation of what has happened if the issue or incident is that of history, or what is occurring, or if the issue is of the present (Sennewald-Tsukayama 2006). There are two types of investigations to think of the first one is the constructive investigation these are the investigation that are preformed in a secret manner. This is type of investigation is done when the suspects...
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...Crime Scenes Crime scene investigation is the meeting point between science, logic and law. Processing a crime scene is and long and tedious process and is the job of crime scene investigators (CSI). CSI has the responsibilities of collecting, documenting, preserving, reconstructing and presenting evidence. It is their job to examine any physical evidence that could remotely shed any light on what happened and who is responsible. There are no typical crime scenes, evidence or investigative approaches and every crime scene should be approached in a systematic sense. According to Robert R. Ogle Jr., a crime scene search is defined as a systematic, methodical search for any physical evidence at a crime scene. When a crime has been committed, law enforcement team members use many scientific methods, along with their natural intuition and skill, to discover who is responsible. In modern crime scenes, finger and shoeprints, hair, blood, bones, and even DNA are used to help solve the puzzle and catch the criminal. Criminals find newer, cleaner, and smarter ways to kill, while the criminal investigators and forensic scientists, find newer, cleaner, and smarter ways to catch the criminal. Investigating a crime scene can take hours, sometimes days. Scene processing is the term applied to the series of steps taken to investigate a crime scene. Although the methods and techniques may differ between the experts involved, their goals are the same: to reconstruct the exact...
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...Criminal Justice System Criminal Justice System Introduction Criminal justice changes in rules, procedures, and terms from state to state. However, the punishment exercised on criminals cannot vary from the standards established by the United States. A crime is classified as an act that violates the federal laws of America. Consequently, all the violations are subject to different severities of punishment. Crimes in particular can be as minimal as a traffic violation and become as severe as homicide. The severity of the crime will determine the severity of the punishment. The criminal justice system is designed in order to standardize a level of punishment to appropriately fit the crime committed. The criminal justice system is largely affected by constitutional law and has evolved significantly over time. Currently, the criminal justice system maintains itself to helping the process of reprimanding criminals. There are three elements of the system and there all valuable in the criminal justice system. The primary element is the police force. Police officers have the responsibilities to capture criminals, investigate, and testify in court based on what actions were witnessed. In some situations, police officers have the obligation to jail criminals directly from street while they await their trial dates. The second element is the court system. The court system is generally composed of a prosecutor, judge, and suspect who is referred to as the defendant in court...
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