...DO STEREOTYPES EVER CHANGE? Many theorists have suggested that stereotyping will be stable as long as the nature of relationship that exists between our group and the stereotyped group is stable (Eagly 1987, Oakes et al., 1994; Tajfel,1981). That is because we construct stereotypes that reflect how we see members of different groups actually behaving, stereotype change should only occur when the relations between the groups change. In addition we generally hold stereotypes that are favorable to our own group in comparison to another group. Unless social conditions shift so that we no longer see in-group favoritism as acceptable, unfavorable stereotypes of groups we are not members of, can be expected to persist. (Spears, Jetten , & Doosje,...
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...Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation Chelyabinsk State University Faculty of Linguistics and Translation Department of Theory and Practice of the English Language Intercultural Communication Project Stereotypes of gender roles in Egypt and Russia Written by: Elena Yakusheva Group: LIE – 503 Chelyabinsk, 2014 Table of contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………...3 Part one GENDER STEREOTYPES THEORY. …………………………….........6 1.1 Stereotypes: definition and functions…………………………………………..6 1.2 The gender concept……………….. ………………………………………….10 1.3 Gender stereotype: types and functions……………………………………….14 Conclusions on part one………………………………………………...…….......20 Part two. STEREOTYPES OF GENDER ROLES IN EGYPT AND RUSSIA….21 2.1 Research method on the stereotypes of gender roles in Russia and Egypt........21 2.2 The interpretation of the results of the research in Russia……………………21 2.3 The interpretation of the results of the research in Egypt……………………..24 2.4 The comparison of the results and its reasons………………………………...25 Conclusions on part two…………………………………………………………..29 Resources………………………………………………………………………….30 Online resources…………………………………………………………………..32 Appendix………………………………………………………………………….33 Introduction The questions connected with features of a sex of the person and his or her psychological and social distinctions, are among recently the most discussed in society. Today the role of the man and the woman undergoes considerable changes....
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...and does not recognized anything wrong. However, there are different forms of sexism that need to be recognized. Some of these forms include stereotypes, the presence of gender roles, and the gender gap. Stereotypes and gender roles play an especially large role in teenager’s lives. Some stereotypes for women include being weaker, being bad drivers, being better at cooking, lacking authority, and being more pure and clean. Stereotypes for men include being stronger, being better at sports, being messier, and having careers in math and science. The problem...
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...Gender Stereotype By Menglu Wu Professor T. Hyland Writing 1021G Feb 15th, 2011 The Oxford English dictionary defines stereotype as “a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing”. Society has formed the gender stereotypes that have four dimensions including traits, role behaviors, physical characteristics and occupations (Deaux and Lewis, 1984). I watched one episode of Desperate Housewives which talks about four housewives in the 7th season and found out some American gender stereotypes. Gabrielle, a model who is thin, sexy and beautiful, is married to a rich businessman. She has neither high academic degrees nor a steady job. Her daily routine is spending the money earned by her husband and enjoying lives. No matter how shallow a woman is, she can easily get what she wants if she has a slim figure and good look. Besides, Gaby’s husband is regarded as a successful man because he makes a lot of money and can afford their expensive cars and house. Meanwhile, Lynette was once a successful career woman and the financial support of the whole family. And her husband stayed at home to do the housework. However, she finally quitted her job and went back home to take care of her children and husband. From this result, men should be viewed as financial providers, whereas women should be viewed as caretakers. Last of all, the housewives have neighbors who are gays. When they moved in the town at first, they were not welcomed...
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...Female Gender Stereotype Miguel Mendoza English-100-TR-10:00AM Professor A.Cerda March 8, 2015 In the twentieth century, there was a time when men believed that women could not match the same intellectual levels of men because of the fact they were women and their only priorities were offerings, cooking, and keeping house clean. On the contrary, important women have made a difference our society, like Rosa Park, who fought for civil rights, or Francis Wright, who played an important role in women’s right movement, and many more. Now in our time, women have well paid jobs and successful lifestyles, with good careers because of these women, that helped shape are society and changed what were stereotypes to men, to equality of comprehension in women. Therefore, women should have the right to choose if they want to get an education and work, or become housewives. It is important for women to have the right to choose because it is a different era, they should be treated equally with men, and the rise of feminism has changed the social norms of society over the years. To begin with, the article of “Women’s Rights: Then and now,” talks about very important times, when women had no rights, or equality among men. Women were not allowed to vote, study, or work in the twentieth century because the only priorities given to women, were to giving birth and take care of the offerings. In addition, women were not allowed outside unless the husband gave them approval to step outside....
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...Whilst researching this topic I found one source that explained it really well and covered all the reason why to think before you speak and why it’s important. That source is a blog post to the huffington post by Joanne Tombrakos. In this blog post she mentions 5 reasons why you should think before you speak. The first of the five reasons is a topic I talked about before and it’s that words have power and can affect people3. The second of the 5 reasons is that words define who you are meaning that you’re not judged by your appearance, race or gender but by your actions and words so if you say a lot of a sexist or racist things people will think you’re a sexist or a racist3. the third of the 5 reasons is again that words can hurt and help people and you should think about that3. the fourth of the 5 reasons is that your choice of words reflects your intelligence and your ignorance meaning that if you constantly use swear words and the simplest of language people will think you’re stupid and you’re not a very well behaved person3. the fifth of out the 5 reasons is that the words you use and the things you say define you as a person and as an individual3. reading through Joanne’s blog post made me realise that the 5 key points she mention are true and should be thought about before you...
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...The topic of the media article that I chose to analyze centers around the issue of body image among women. This advertisement was a subway commercial that featured three friends debating about their lunch choices. Two of the three friends are eating burgers and the other woman is eating a subway sandwich. The women who chose the subway sandwich as her lunch of choice immediately began criticizing her friends for choosing such unhealthy lunch choices so close to the Halloween holiday. She then implies that they should be eating subway, in order to be able to look their best in their Halloween costumes. The other two friends stare at the woman in awe as she models an array of different costumes that perpetuate female stereotypes by incorporating...
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...4/8/13 PROFESSOR: CURTIS MALOLEY Mass media plays an important role in the functioning of our society. On top of that gender identities portrayed in television and film send mix messages to their viewers. Although it may seem to be normal in popular culture today, it indirectly produces negative outcomes. We are manipulated by popular culture in accepting their representation of gender roles. In my essay I plan to prove the wrongful depiction of gender identities in the film “Lying to be perfect.” The movie lying to be perfect is based on the novel the Cinderella pact by Sarah Strohmeyers. Although the director is a male, he illustrates the movie in a different and altered version of Sarah’s novel. The characters analyzed are Nola, Alex, Nancy and Deb. The genre of this movie revolves around comedy, drama and romance. The main character Nola is a magazine editor who is neglected due to her being overweight. Nola is shy and concededly writes a book but authors it as Belinda Apple, although as it being her alter-ego. Nola creates a Cinderella pact with her friends for their journey to health. The hidden identity of Belinda Apple comes into question and Nola is pressure into accepting what “beauty” in the modern world comes to believe. I’ve chosen this movie because of its quality to show the ability of how society affects gender roles particularly women, in the way they present themselves to how they should act. It also portrays hegemonic feminism and...
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...1. In your own words, please define the following terms and provide at least two original examples, not mentioned in the book, of the terms to illustrate your understanding of the concept. a. Gender Roles, these are what are commonly accepted duties in our culture that are related to what sex you are. Examples would be that the man of the house is expected to mow the grass, and the woman of the house is expected to cook all the meals. b. Gender Stereotypes, these are beliefs that are commonly thought of as truths, that are related to what sex you are, and examples of this would be that a man is tough, strong, smart, and can fix anything. Also a woman would be loving, kind, and a natural mother. c. Gender Stratification, is the way that our...
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...Something as involuntary as your gender can have a huge impact on how you are perceived by others and how you perceive event. Previous studies state that women are expected to be the victim of an violent crime (Little), because they are seen as vulnerable and defense less. Therefore, it is the man’s job to protect women from potential danger (Stroud). Also, men taught as boys that to be a man you must be fearless and be able to protect. So, these boys grow up with the notion that as long as they were “manly”, they would be safe from violence. Interestingly, women are taught to be passive resulting in women reporting more feelings...
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...consist of boys passing around the ball, with the exception of a few girls joining in. Health class was also a place filled with conflicting attitudes. In general, the boys were more immature and took nothing seriously, while the girls were more reserved and knew what topics were ones where joking around was not acceptable. This clash between genders caused for an environment which was tolerable, but definitely not...
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...In the parable, "The Blind Men and the Elephant", I was reminded people generally have different perspectives on the same thing and visually see or understand something differently further. When people cannot agree, it impacts productivity and creates problems in the environment. And that how I react, as a leader is crucial. As each blind man shared their vision about the elephant, they became consumed with who was right and who was wrong and could not come to an agreement. But when the wise man, a person with authority, spoke, the blind men listened (Meehan, 2012). I learned to make sure the facts are correct, have all the information to make the decision, and the purpose is still being met. I focus on being open- minded and try to see beyond what I want or expect to see. I ask more questions that will open a discussion to encourage more thinking and hopefully, the answer will become clear. Lastly, to know there is not always a right or wrong, but sometimes you just need to connect the dots to see the whole picture (Pieterson, 2015). From the parable, I took away these four bits of intelligences (Gill, 2013): Cognitive: sharing the vision of each person’s elephant to see the whole picture Emotional: the importance of the awareness of others perspectives Social: acknowledging each perspective Spiritual: the value of each person’s perspective Although the section in Kellerman on Betty Friedan was short, it reminds of just how far women have come and how thankful I am...
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...the majority of working women are also responsible for housework, cooking, and other homemaking tasks. The topic of sharing household duties is one of the primary sources of dissatisfaction for couples, especially in the early years of marriage and when both spouses work outside the home. Like other responsibilities that are shared in married life, homemaking is an important part of building a life-giving partnership, one that respects the dignity, the needs and the abilities of both spouses. When the husband does accept some chores it is usually the chores of the children, not actually sharing in equal measure the burdens of family leadership. Recently I was reading an article geared towards working women. The article discussed gender norms, specifically in communities of color. The big center of the debate was referring to men as the head of the household. The argument was deciding whether or not usage of this term was antiquated in today’s climate, or whether it was still relevant. Personally, calling a man head of the household gives him pride in his family. It is supposed to be his spiritual role in a Christian household. Judging by the growing and disproportionate number of single mothers out there, this ideal of men being the cornerstone of their families seems to be a necessity now more than ever. So honestly, what is the harm in bestowing this title upon our men? Of course, the trick is to make a man feel like he’s head of the household, when really women...
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...want to feel beautiful too. Whether gay or straight every man wants to feel beautiful just as much as women. Most men would not put it like that out of fear of being labeled feminine. Over the last few decades, however, society has been progressing towards acceptance regardless of race, gender, hobby, etc. Pageant personifies this by showing a range of strides drag queens are taking in redefining...
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...born, our parents begin to identify us by our genders. The way they take care of us and the way they speak to us help others identify whether we are males or females. Many people don’t realize that the way they treat their children determine the way they think when they grow older. Even though every person is born with their own minds and their own hearts, the way they are brought up can alter the personalities of their offspring. If a male is born, they are typically dressed in harsher colors, such as blue and gray. If a female is born, however, they are typically dressed in lighter tones, such as pink and peach. Males are told to wear loose fitting clothes, like t-shirts, loose jeans, and sneakers, while females are encouraged to wear things that appear cute, such as dresses, hairbands, and flats. Because of this, they are conditioned to believe that they are meant to wear specific types of clothing, because throughout their lives, they were told ‘girls are meant to wear this and boys are meant to wear that.’ When they grow older, they still believe that, and they heed their parents’ words. Seldom do I spot a kindergarten boy wearing a dress to school, and rarely do I see a kindergarten girl with a short haircut. Their parents are also brought up thinking that their kids are meant to look a certain way, and they pass that knowledge onto their children hoping that their grandchildren will also fit into the social norms of gender. While I do agree that parents should condition...
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