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Steve

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기존 경영학의 통념을 넘는 조직운영
애플의 특징적인 조직운영 방식을 몇 가지로 정리해 보자면 아래와 같다.
1) 철저한 비밀주의와 ultimate need-to-know 문화 ——— 벽없는 조직, 원활한 커뮤니케이션, 정보공유
2) 직접 책임자(directly Responsible Individual)와 function and product-oriented —권한이양, management-oriented
3) 직군이나 제품군에 따른 카스트 제도, TOP 100모임 —수평조직, 직급에 따른 hierarchy 운영보다시피, 애플은 대부분의 회사들이 운영하고 있는 혹은 개선하려고 하는 방식(to-be)과 상당히 다른 방식으로 운영되고 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 그런데 벤처도 아니고 중견기업도 아닌 애플이 (위키피디아에 따르면 2011년 기준 임직원 규모 약 60,400명) 어떻게 이런 조직운영 시스템을 유지할 수 있는가?
애플의 핵심가치는 오타쿠 정신
작년 10월 5일(현지시각) 스티브 잡스가 운명을 달리했을때, 아니 그 이전부터 많은 언론들과 경영학자들은 스티브 이후의 리더쉽 공백에 대해 큰 우려를 해 왔다. 그리고 그 우려는 지금까지 계속되고 있다. 팀 쿡의 경영능력 자체에 대한 불신이라기보다 스티브 잡스가 가진 상징적인 면모와 시장을 선도하는 고객니즈에 대한 뛰어난 통찰력이 더 이상 존재하지 않는다는 염려에 기인하는 부분이 크다고 본다. 하지만 스티브 잡스가 조직에 남긴 뚜렷한 흔적이 있다면 오타쿠 정신이 아닐까라고 생각한다. 그리고 이 오타쿠 정신이 위에 언급한 다소 특이한 경영방식을 유지시켜온 힘이 아닌가 유추해 본다. 오타쿠(OTAKU)라는 말은 한 가지 일에만 병적일 정도로 집중하거나 집착하는 사람을 일컫는 말로 다소 부정적인 뉘앙스가 강하다. 하지만 최근에는 긍정적인 부분이 많이 부각되어 윌리암이라는 영국의 논설위원은 the Guardian에서 the passionate obsessive, the information age’s embodiment of the connoisseur, more concerned with the accumulation of data than of objects이라고도 표현하였다. 재미있게 표현하자면 ‘종결자’정도 되지 않을까?
사내정치란 없다. 자기 맡은 분야를 종결시켜라.
한편 생각해 보면 스티브 잡스는 대단한 배짱을 가진 자신의 신념으로 똘똘뭉친 인물이었던 것 같다. 조직이 커지고 다루어야 할 사안이 복잡해질수록 자연스럽게 기업들은 관료화되거나 비대해지기 마련이다. 다른 말로 표현하자면, 제품 자체나 본연의 기업철학에 집중하기 힘들어진다. 애플은 이를 그동안 스티브 잡스의 제품에 대한 고집과 그만의 철학으로 상쇄하려 노력해 온 점은 분명하다. 그의 리더십이 제대로 된 방향성을 가졌는지와 올초 논란이 된 세금회피를 위한 색다른 시도들(How Apple Sidesteps Billions in Taxes: NYTIMES 참조), 주주 배당금에 대한 논의는 차지하고서라도 1) 새로운 조직운영 방식을 시도했다는 점, 2) 그리고 R&D와 생산 효율성이 아닌 ‘디자인’이라는 차별화된 영역에 보다 집중함으로서 얻게된 기업의 브랜드 가치는 충분히 주목받을 필요가 있다는 생각이다.

개인적으로 가장 인상깊었던 부분은 일에 집중하는 애플의 조직문화였다. 애플에서 일하다가 다른 조직에 가보면 조직문화가 느슨하게 느껴진다는 말이 어떤 느낌인지 알 것 같았기 때문이다. 일 자체와 성과에 집중하지만 직원 그 누구도 본인이 혹사당한다고 생각하지 않고 맡은 일에 대해 단단히 동기부여된 상태! 조직의 피로도를 논하거나 일 관리 프로세스에 관한 검증이 있었다고 보기엔 너무나 짧은 시간만이 흘렀다. 그럼에도 불구하고 각각의 프로젝트에 대해서는 배타적이면서도 조직 전체적으로 보면 협력적인 조직문화는 내가 관리자라면 copy & paste하고 싶은 부분이다.

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