...Contour Sawing , the blade should be as wide as the machine allows, but still narrow enough so that it can cut the desired shape (radius), Minimum dimensions for different cutting radii are shown in the chart below. How to Choose the Correct Band Saw Blade Style and Set Band Saw Blade Tooth Shape Styles The most commonly used tooth shape. Ideally suited for both cut-off and contour sawing of most materials. For cutting thin materials where a fine cut is required. Widely spaced teeth with a 0° rake angle to prevent clogging when cutting soft, non-ferrous metals, plastics and wood. Positive 10° rake angle helps to "digin", resulting in a higher cutting rate. Recommended for long cuts into thicker wood, plastic and metal. Band Saw Blade Tooth Set The raker tooth set consists of one to the left, one to the right and one tooth (raker) is unset. This set is used for cutting thick, solid metal sections on horizontal cut-off machines. It is also used for contour cutting and resawing on vertical band machines. Alternate set or double alternate plus raker set blades are designed for cutting wood. Provides faster, smoother cuts. This set pattern has groups of teeth set to the left and to the right, separated by unset raker teeth. It is made primarily with small teeth and is recommended for cutting thinner sections - tubes, pipes, thin...
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...used for 90 degrees alignment 6.) Indicator/Dial Indicator – a device that determines if an object is center aligned or notHand Tools 1.) Ball peen Hammer – a type of hammer used for metalworks such aspeening. 2.) Mallet – a type of hammer used used so that the object will not deform 3.) Hacksaw – A saw consisting of a tough, fine-toothed blade stretched taut in a frame, used for cutting metal. 4.) Vise – A heavy clamp, usually mounted on a workbench and operated by a screw or lever, used in carpentry or metalworking tohold a piece in position. 5.) Scriber – A sharply pointed tool used for marking lines, as on wood, metal, or ceramic. 6.) Punch – A tool or machine for piercing holes in a material 7.) Screw Driver – A tool used for turning screws 8.) Files - Any of several hardened steel tools with cutting ridges for forming, smoothing, orreducing especially metallic surfaces. a. Flat b. Triangular c. Half round d. Round 9.) Hand Tap and Tap Handle – 10.) Stock and Dice – a tool used for treading 11.) Tin Snips – a type of pliers used for cutting sheet metals 12.) Combination Wrench – a type of wrench with a combination of open ended wrench and a box-end wrench 13.) Adjustable Wrench – a type of wrench used for measuring different size of fastener...
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...Scenario: You have been operating a Lathe during your shift at work and your working day is coming to an end, another operator is to continue working the next shift on the same machine when you leave for the day, what you need to discuss with the next shift operator before leaving to ensure he can operate safely and effectively. The new operator will need to know.. * What job he is to continue with * What drawing is he working from * How many parts are to be made * What tolerance will he be working towards * Where is the stock material * What type of material is being used * Does he check individual parts or are the parts 'Batch checked' * When complete do the parts need to go to the inspection department or to another department * What measuring tools are being used * Have the measuring tools been calibrated * When are the measuring tools due for re-calibration * When are the lathe cutting tools in need of checking * If coolant needs to be used * What safety factors need to be considered * Is the machine operating as it should or is the anything they should know * Sign off a 'Hand over' check list as part of company procedure What the implications could be if you was not to undertake these procedures * Wasting valuable working time due to not know what job to do * Would not know how many parts to produce which could be costly time wise and material wise * Parts could be made incorrectly (out of...
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...author, Phone: 09543193510/ (044)26572970, e-mail: madhavan.tes@gmail.com Abstract Aluminum silicon carbide Metal Matrix Composites (Al-MMC) are widely used in aeronautical and automobile industries due to their excellent mechanical and physical properties. However machining this composites find difficult because of the reinforcement particles. Tools wear more quickly and reduce the life of the tool. This paper presents the experimental investigation on machining two different A356 matrix metal reinforced with 10 % and 20 % by weight of Silicon carbide (SiCp) particles is fabricated in house by stir casting method. Fabricated samples are turned on medium duty lathe with Poly crystalline Diamond (PCD) insert of 1600 grade at various cutting conditions. Parameters such as power consumed by main spindle, machined surface roughness and tool wear are studied and influence of SiC particles percentage on tool wear also discussed. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images support the result. It is evident that, tool wear is strongly dependent on reinforcement percentage. Key words: A356 Alloy, PCD, Power consumed, Surface roughness, SiC percentage 1. Introduction Metallic matrix composites have found considerable applications in aerospace, automotive and electronic industries [1] because of their improved strength, stiffness and increased wear resistance over unreinforced alloys [2]. However, the final conversion of these composites in to engineering products is always associated...
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...that is showing is her head, her feet and maybe even her legs. The magician then continues to close the box and turn to the audience. Now what you don’t know is that in the platform under the box there is another assistant that the audience doesn't know about. So when the magician turns to the audience he will then preform some mumbo jumbo magic stuff like saying some words or waving a wand. Then he will casually block the first assistants feet from view by either blocking it with another miscellaneous prop for a moment or by rotating the box, this gives his first assistant enough time to pull her feet in and the second assistant to poke her feet out, wearing the same shoes of course, the magician then grabs the saw blade and makes a cutting motion through a pre cut line in the box. Then the magician will split the box in half revealing the middle and amazing the audience even more. Then he closes the box does whatever he does to cover the legs and then opens up the box to show that he did not actually in fact cut his assistant in half. The crowd then cheers out of amazement and the magician makes loads of money after they go home and tell all their friends what they saw. That is how a magician cuts someone in half, different magicians may have modified this trick in different ways weather to make it more impressive by adding a saw blade or just to look...
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...Logistics Week 7 Lab Lab 7: Minnetonka Warehouse Scenario/Summary Wayne Schuller managed a warehouse in Minnetonka, Minnesota. His major concern was the number of workers to assign to his single unloading dock. After he began contracting with motor carriers for deliveries, he found that they were assessing him stiff penalties if their trucks had wait time to be unloaded. Wayne started adding larger crews at the unloading dock, but often, they seemed idle because there were no trucks to unload. Wayne recalled from college that queuing theory might be applicable to such a problem. The theory of queuing is an analysis of the probabilities associated with waiting in line, assuming that orders, customers, and so on arrive in some pattern (often a random pattern) to stand in line. A common situation is that on the average, a facility may have excess capacity, but oftentimes, it is more than full, with a backlog of work to be done. Often, this backlog has costs associated with it, including penalties to be paid or customers who walk away rather than wait. If a firm expands its capacity to reduce waiting times, then its costs go up and must be paid even when the facility is idle. Queuing theory is used to find the best level of capacity, the one that minimizes the costs of providing a service and the costs of those waiting to use the service. After some further research specific to his firm, Wayne determined the following facts: Trucks arrive randomly at the average rate...
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...Expert system for the definition of the cutting parameters and machining strategies 1 L.Zaquini1, J.Charpy1, J-P. Bendit2, T.Voumard3, P-E Mathez3, L. Béguelin3 HE-ARC-Ingénierie LMO (Laboratoire de Machines-Outils), University of Applied Science, Le Locle, Switzerland, 2 Jurasoft SA, Porrentruy, Switzerland, 3 Haute Ecole ARC – Software Engineering, University of Applied Science, St-Imier, Switzerland, Switzerland, Abstract The definition of the cutting parameters (Vc, fz, ae, ap), and the definition of the machining strategies or the strategies to engage the tool in the material and to start the cutting process, are usually requested by the CAM systems as input information. These data are usually strongly influenced by the consolidated experience of the operators, by the specific previous similar machining cases and by several other factors depending on the machining practices. In a project, financed by the Swiss national organization for the industrial research, the authors have developed an expert system (ES) in order to get this information through software processes. The paper shows the structure of this expert system. The ES has been realized through the definition of ontology of components and elements of the machining. The ES includes a very large data base of cutting parameters, and is based on the establishment of rules for the competition between the machining strategies. The ES includes learning methods which are able to identify similar operations. The learning...
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...Cultural factors affect waiting lines. For example, fast checkout lines (e.g.,10 items or fewer) are uncommon in Japan. Why do you think so? When Krispy Kreme donuts entered the Japanese market, people were willing to wait in line for up to three hours to get donuts although another brand of donuts was available. I have tried these donuts and agree that they taste really good, however I would not wait in line for up to three hours for them. The Japanese on the other hand, enjoy standing in line. Japanese people are very patient. If there is no line for a product it may be looked upon as unpopular and of no value. Waiting in line is so common in Japan that it is used as a marketing tool; the Japanese may rent persons to stand in line for them when they are physically challenged or just don’t feel like standing in line but want the product being offered. I feel fast checkout lines are uncommon in Japan because the Japanese are patient people and enjoy waiting in line. They take the attitude that anything of value is worth standing in line for. If there is no line, there is no value. An added benefit of standing in line are the conversations between family members and friends and the memories that they make. Kohlbacher, F., & Holtschneider, U. (2008). Tokyo Queues for You. J@Pan Inc, (78), 24-26. Marquand, R., & Staff, w. (2005, September 27). Japanese queue - gladly - for a 35-foot platypus and falafel. Christian Science Monitor. p....
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...Five Star tools is a small business that produces diamond coated cutting tools such as chisels and saws used by jewelers. The company produces these tools in a 3 step manner. The steel is cut according to size and is finally coated with diamond for effecting cutting for jewelers. Recently the company has been doing well and receiving a lot of order but some of the orders have not been completed due the limitation in the coating and sharpening process. The problem with the coating and sharpening process has caught the eye of the vice president Maxfield Turner and Betty Spence, vice president of marketing. They are concerned that they will be known as unreliable if they continue to miss order deadline. The task ahead of them is to figure out what steps can taken to loosen the constraint in coating and sharpening. The best to solve the problem faced by Five Star Tools is to deploy the Goldratt five steps system to maximize profits. The first steps in solving the problem is to figure out what the constraints are. And in the case of Five Star Tools it is the availability of production resources. Second the company should try to produce Model C120 as it only takes 0.2 hours in the coating department. Thirdly managers should focus on trying to loosen the constraints, and should implement various strategies in order to reduce the idle time of workers. Finally the constraints can be eliminated by using the latest equipment in the coating process, by automating the process and...
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...Hacksaw as seen in Figure 1: is a lightweight hand tool used for cutting metal and hard plastics. The hacksaw is made entirely of metal with an added cap for comfort and support while in use. Five parts, all separate and detachable make up this mechanism as follows: * The Frame * The Handle * The ergonomic cap The Blade * The frame The Turn Key Attachment * The Ergonomic Cap The turn key attachment The blade The handle Figure 1: The Lenox Tools 88300 Lightweight Hacksaw Source: www.lenoxtools.com The Frame The L shaped chrome frame is made of one piece of hollowed metal; the top is twelve inches long and rounded at the corner with the side six inches high. The frame is half inch wide on one edge and one inch on the other. The tag line “MORE TENSION. MORE CUTS” along with the tension capacity; a figure showing the maximum tension the saw can bare is printed in black on one of the one inch edges. Up to six spear blades can be stored in the top part of the handle. The Handle The Handle is a light ash grey with the company royal blue and lust red logo printed at the top on one side. It is rectangular and one of the shorter four inch sides attaches to the longer side of the frame which is inserted through a hole in the handle. The opposite end, the bottom has cut outs which allow the blade to be attached at the front for standard vertical cuts or at the base of the handle for horizontal cutting. One of the longer sides, the hand grip, is rounded on the...
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...TÜRKİYE EKONOMİSİ DEVLET PLANLAMA TEŞKİLATI Türkiye’nin , ekonomik ve sosyokültürel kalkınmasını sağlamak amacıyla; Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı adı altında , 1960 yılında kurulan bu kuruluş ,hükümete danışmanlık yapmak üzere yapılandırılmıştır.Hükümetin amaçları doğrultusunda yaptığı çalışmaları ve kuruluşunda ki tarihsel periyotları ana başlıklar altında incelemek istersek ; kurumun 1960 öncesi ve sonrası durumu ,görevleri birimleri ve her beş yılda bir hazırladığı (1-9 )yıllık kalkınma planlamaları olarak adlandırabiliriz. Birinci dünya savaşından sonra Türkiye’yi genel bir bakış açısıyla incelememiz gerekirse; Osmanlı devletinin bıraktığı borçları ve sorunları devralan alan Türkiye, o yıllardaki ekonomisini tarıma dayandırmaktaydı. Kişi basına düşen gelirin yetersiz olduğu ülkede, ekonomik kalkınmayı gerçekleştirebilmek için devletin özel sektöre, sermaye açısından teşvik edici bir rol oynaması gerektiği inancı hakim olmuştur. 1923 yılında toplanan İzmir İktisat Kongresi’nde alınan karara göre özel sektörün maddi olanaklarının yetersiz kaldığı anlarda ,devletin bu tür işletmelere maddi kaynak sağlaması gerektiği kararı alınmış ve cumhuriyetin ilk yıllından 1933 yılına kadar liberal bir ekonomik politika izlenmiştir.Fakat 1929 yılında patlak veren ve tüm gelişmiş dünya ülkelerini etkileyen ekonomik kriz, toparlanmakta zorluk çeken Türkiye’yi bir kez daha dara sokmuştur. O yıllara kadar...
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...year 776 B.C. The origins of wrestling can be traced back 15,000 years through cave drawings in France; Babylonian and Egyptian relief's show wrestlers using most of the holds known to the present-day sport. More modern day wrestling has weight classes implemented so participants will wrestle people that weigh the same as them, thus starting a trend known in the wrestling world as cutting weight. Weight classes in wrestling were implemented in order to insure the optimal amount of fairness for each wrestler before they step out onto the mat. I believe that weight classes are positive to the sport but also negative. Positive in the fact that you don’t have a kid who weighs 103 wrestling someone who is 185, that just wouldn’t make sense. It makes it so everyone that goes out there are roughly the same weight so size doesn’t play a roll. But, this causes many issues as well. I know from experience the side effects of cutting weight. You feel weak, tired, and hungry; you get cotton mouth, and extremely aggravated over little things, everything pisses you off, it’s just an awful mood to be in. Cutting weight often is misconstrued and everyone believes that you just starve yourself to make weight. In some occasions this is true, but that is the wrong way to do it. There is a right way to cut weight and a wrong way. The wrong way is what everyone thinks every wrestler does. The wrong way to cut weight is starving yourself for days, not drinking anything, and working out with a rubber...
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...Hadoop Distribution Comparison Tiange Chen The three kinds of Hadoop distributions that will be discussed today are: Apache Hadoop, MapR, and Cloudera. All of them have the same goals of performance, scalability, reliability, and availability. Furthermore, all of them have advantages including massive storage, great computing power, flexibility (Store and process data whenever you want, instead of preprocess before storing data like traditional relational databases. And it enables users to easily access new data sources including social media, email conversations, etc..), fault tolerance (One node fails, jobs still works on other nodes because data is replicated to other nodes in the beginning, so the computing does not fail), low cost (Use commodity hardware to store data), and scalability (More nodes, more storage, and little administration.). Apache Hadoop is the standard Hadoop distribution. It is open source project, created and maintained by developers from all around the world. Public access allows many people to test it, and problems can be noticed and fixed quickly, so their quality is reliable and satisfied. (Moccio, Grim, 2012) The core components are Hadoop Distribution File System (HDFS) as storage part and MapReduce as processing part. HDFS is a simple and robust coherency model. It is able to store large amount of information and provides steaming read performance. However, it is not strong enough in the aspect of easy management and seamless integration...
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...without a completed assignment cover sheet. PLEASE READ THE IMPORTANT INFORMATION ON THE REVERSE OF THIS FORM. Due date* | Posting date * | Semester | 10/04/14 | 10/04/14 | X Semester 1 Semester 2 Summer Semester Term 1 Term 2 Term 3 Term 4 | Have you applied for an extension? Yes X No Student Comments | | | | | | | Lecturer Comments | | | | | | | Biochemistry Experiment Pre-workout Exercise Enhancement & Weight Cutting Stack Abstract: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of a blend of supplements that could be used as a pre-workout and weight cutting stack for an individual who often undergoes weight cutting programs for competition purposes. The time taken to complete exercises, the recovery time, the number of repetitions performed of each exercise and levels of resistance in kg were measured before and after consuming the pre-workout drink. The...
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...1) The foundation of the Gillette is in 1901 as providing to customers shaving care products that is safety razor and blade. Also, it had more than half of the entire razor and blades market globally. Until the 1962 Gillette was monopoly in the market, when English firm Wilkinson Sword introduced its stainless-steel blade. Gillette offers to customers “consumer high quality shaving products that would satisfy basic grooming needs at a fair price”. With this power Gillette should not be victim its own success. In fact, Gillette’s performance increased all time such as despite of the World Wars periods, it continued to make profit in the market. However, with the Gillette’s wide range of products they do not have the manpower to fully focus on a specific product at the time of entrance in the market. Duracell realized that their products are being copied and sold at lower retail value. In terms of the come to an end can be validity for Gillette, but research and development department gives chance to them. 2) There is an obvious competition between Gillette and Schick. When the Gillette introduced a product such as Mach3 which has three blades, Schick entre to the market and it introduced as Quattro that has four blades. This battle can provide benefit for example; Gillette’s new and innovative products, which are needed because of the competition, can bring competitive advantage over other competitors. 3) For the future strategies of Gillette, they need to continue the...
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