...Stress is simply a reaction to stimulus that disturbs our physical and mental equilibrium. In psychology stress is a feeling of strain and pressure. Small amounts of stress maybe desired, beneficial, and even healthy. Positive stress improves athletic performance. It also plays a factor in motivation, adaptation, and reaction to the environment. Excessive amounts of stress, however, may lead to bodily harm. Stress will increase the rest of strokes, heart attacks, ulcers, dwarfism, and mental illnesses such depression. People can counter the effects of stress by changing their lifestyle such as diet, excise, meditation, and social support. Stress is the combination of psychological, physiological, and behavioral reactions that people have in response to events that threaten or challenge them. Stress can be good or bad. Sometimes, stress is helpful, providing people with the extra energy or alertness they need. Stress could give a runner the edge he or she needs to persevere in a marathon, for example. This good kind of stress is called eustress. Unfortunately, stress is often not helpful and can even be harmful when not managed effectively. Stress could make a salesperson buckle under the pressure while trying to make a sales pitch at an important business meeting, for example. Moreover, stress can increase the risk of developing health problems, such as cardiovascular disease and anxiety disorders. This bad kind of stress is called distress, the kind of stress that people usually...
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...2. Discuss how international managers might have to adjust their leadership style when managing different cultures? “Leadership is practiced not so much in words as in attitude and in actions.” Harold S. Geneen Culture is so important for managers when expanding business cross-culturally. Managers‟ attitudes, their ways of doing business and behavior of exchanging ideas reflect values and understandings which are ingrained in their own national culture. Conducting managerial functions effectively is hard enough in a well-known home environment, but in a foreign location with a unique combination of economic imperatives, traditions, work ethic, and culture, effective management becomes a big challenge. An international manager needs to have cultural awareness in order to adjust to the constraints and expectations of the culture in which they work. If cultural factors are not considered, there will be a potential for unaware and unintended conflict. In avoiding a conflict situation, a manager should communicate successfully and consider challenges such as language and different cultural background. In order to be a successful manager one must have effective communication skills. The nature and patterns of communication exhibit by individuals are learn by cultural and social values. Leadership style does not only depend on culture but also on situational factors such as background, nature of the task environment, and pressures of time. Hofstede‟s model defines culture...
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...the years stress and anxiety management has become a big factor or part in our lives and how we cope with it on a daily basis can be really challenging. Some people believe that stress and anxiety is the same thing, unfortunately these individuals are wrong. Stress can be caused in several different ways that can be controlled from changing your everyday activities or actions. On the other hand anxiety is usually once you allow stress to overcome your life and your work and it has to be taken care of by a specialist or in worst cases medication. Furthermore today’s number one cause for stress and anxiety is work; our jobs can cause a great deal of stress. (Anxiety vs. Stress: What's The Difference?) There are several factors in the work force that can cause stress. Having an overload of work, making you feel as if you will never see the end of the work, or that working 10-12 hours a day is not making a dent in it. Another cause of stress at work could be time, if you have to work to an unrealistic schedule, this too can cause stress. Stress and anxiety can have different levels depending on what factors impact our lives. According to the American Institute of Stress “There are numerous emotional and physical disorders that have been linked to stress including depression, anxiety, heart attacks.” (Stress Effects ) Every organization should make reducing job stress a priority. Some managers think that it’s not their job to help the employees reduce their stress but they...
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...How Work-Stress Effects the Employee Todd Smith BUS642: Business Research Methods & Tools Ruizhen Hardin October 15, 2012 Introduction It is almost inevitable to experience stress in the workplace, regardless of what organization or industry an individual works in. Through history, the presence of stress has always been a reality that once must face in the workforce. However, with the current state of economy stress in the workplace is a growing concern due to employees facing increased conditions of overwork, decreased levels of job satisfaction, harsh work environments, job insecurity, and lack of self-sufficiency. In many organizations, employees as well as management are not completely clear about what their roles are in the organization, which ultimately leads to increased levels of stress. There have also been research and studies conducted that indicates that even with high levels of stress in the workplace, it actually exerts better performance in employees. In addition these studies also indicate that stress is actually needed in the workplace to increase levels of performance. Considering the implications of these studies, it is important to explore a hypothesis on how causes of work stress has an effect on motivation and job performance. This hypothesis is crucial in confirming that stress in the workplace has more of a negative impact on employees. Contributes to much health related issues. General Causes of Stress ...
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...way that psychologists conceptualize stress, emphasizing that stress is a biopsycho-social process. You will explore the sources of stress in your own life, review your body’s response to stress, and then learn how cognitive appraisal dramatically affects how much stress you actually experience. Checking the Level of Stress in Your Life • What was your “Stress Test” score? ____39________ • Do you think that such a test accurately captures your experience? What other stressors should be included? I think it give you a general idea of the amount of stress your under, also adding something about your children should be included. Stress, Stressors, and Coping • Psychologists differentiate stressors, strain, and stress. What does each of these terms mean? A stressor is an externalsituation or event that triggers coping adjustments in a person. Stress is the process in which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors that we believe to be threatening or challenging, and coping is the cognitive, behavioural, and emotional ways that people handle stressful situations. The General Adaptation Syndrome • Describe Selye’s general adaptation syndrome. Selye argued that every organism has a state of internal balance called homeostasis. External stressors disturb this balance, producing an immediate general physiological aarousal. The organism adjusts to the stress in stages, first mobilizing its resources...
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...Organization : Bharath University, Chennai, India Phone* : +91 98401 38210 Paper Title* : Occupational Stress at Work Author Profile – Sangeetha Rajagurusamy Educational Qualification: M.Sc., M.Phil Experience: 12+ years – Teaching and Research in Hospitality and allied industries Current Responsibility: HOD, Hospitality and Tourism Dept, Bharath University ABSTRACT: This paper attempts to probe the contributors and management of stress among women in different levels of occupation. The seventeenth centaury has been called the age of enlightment, eighteenth, the age of reason, the nineteenth the age of progress and the twentieth, the age of stress and anxiety. According to a survey conducted it was found that, four out of ten employees state that their jobs are "very" or "extremely" stressful. Those in high-stress jobs are three times more likely than others to suffer from stress-related medical conditions and are twice as likely to quit. The study states that women, in particular, report more stress related to the conflict between work and family. INTRODUCTION: Occupational stress is stress involving work. Stress is defined in terms of its physical and physiological effects on a person, and can be a mental, physical or emotional strain. It can also be a tension or a situation or factor that can cause stress. Occupational stress can occur when there is a discrepancy between the demands of the environment/workplace and an individual’s ability...
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...Walking and Fitness Test Quiz - Unit 8 - Stress Management Started 7/9/13 8:15 PM Submitted 7/9/13 8:30 PM Status Completed Score 80 out of 100 points Time Elapsed 14 minutes out of 30 minutes. Instructions Question 1 10 out of 10 points Because each person perceives and reacts to stress differently, the best coping technique: Answer Selected Answer: 4. a and b Question 2 10 out of 10 points There are very few life experiences that may affect and have an impact on your physical and psychological well-being. Answer Selected Answer: 2. False Question 3 0 out of 10 points Proper time management skills can help to reduce risk to experiencing chronic stress, discouragement, fatigue, and illness. However, most American do not need these skills because life moves slowly and we, typically, have time to get everything done. Answer Selected Answer: 1. True Question 4 10 out of 10 points The behavior pattern of the highly stressed who do not seem to be at an increased risk for disease is which Type? Answer Selected Answer: 3. C Question 5 10 out of 10 points Conducting a daily/nightly account our day allows us to do what? Answer Selected Answer: 4. All of the above Question 6 0 out of 10 points Negative stress; unpleasant or harmful stress under which health and performance begin to deteriorate is: Answer Selected Answer: 4. neustress Question 7 10 out of 10 points Positive stress, which can be helpful, is referred to...
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... Clarke 2008 middle managers have the highest stress level simply because they are in the middle, which can cause a great deal of conflict. A survey conducted by the American Management Association indicated that 41% of middle management has more work than time. it add that middle managers must respond to sometimes conflicting demands from governmental agencies, union representatives, and the community, in addition to their supervisors and subordinates. They further found that middle managers under 30 years of age felt more stress than older managers because of confusion over lines of authority. Suzanne M. Crampton 2009 Stress is found in all aspects of life. Hans Selye, a pioneer in stress research, has defined stress as "the nonspecific response of the body to any demands made upon it" . It is considered to be an internal state or reaction to anything we consciously or unconsciously perceive as a threat, either real or imagined . Stress can evoke feelings of frustration, fear, conflict, pressure, hurt, anger, sadness, inadequacy, guilt, loneliness, or confusion . Individuals feel stressed when they are fired or lose a loved one (negative stress) as well as when they are promoted or go on a vacation (positive stress). While many individuals believe they must avoid stress to live longer, Freese argues that it is the salt and spice of life and that to have no stress we would have to be dead. Amit Gupta 2010 Job stress is a common problem across occupations and it impacts...
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...Income Drops: Fact Sheet 2 Control Stress You are experiencing tremendous changes in your life if you have lost your job, Adapted by Barbara R. Rowe and Denise Schroeder, Family Resource Management, Purdue University experienced a particularly bad year in your farm or business operation, or have gone through a divorce, a separation, or the death of a spouse. While such events differ in many respects, they may also have some important effects in common. First, crises like these are very stressful in their own right – they force us, against our wishes, to make rapid changes in our lives. Second, however irrationally, they can diminish our self-esteem. Finally, these personal crises often lead to a drop in income and security, and this introduces a host of secondary problems. Because of all these changes and the stress that can result, it is important to understand some causes, effects, and ways of handling stress to cope with difficult times. Severe and prolonged stress of the type associated with events causing loss of income can have a serious effect on a person’s physical and mental health. Stress-related exhaustion is believed to play a significant role in heart attacks, high blood pressure, cancer, and some kinds of arthritis, migraine headaches, peptic ulcers, asthma, allergies, and kidney and thyroid disease. Stress alone probably does not cause these disorders; rather, it is one factor in their onset and progression. In addition, stress contributes to many types of accidents...
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...paper was prepared by me specifically for this course. Student’s Signature: Instructor’s Grade on Assignment: Instructor’s Comments: Running Head: Work Stress and Conflict Work Place Elements of Conflict and Stress Submitted by: Managing Conflict and Change HRM 3100 December 01, 2008 Table of Contents Introduction () 4 Globalization () 7 Work-Life Balance ( 10 Coping with Downsizing and Restructuring 13 Work Conditions () 16 Summary () 20 References 22 Introduction Conflict and stress are an intricate part of everyone’s life. The level and domination of these two highly recognizable emotions vary throughout maturity and become greatly enhanced and more complex when one joins the workforce. Work-related stress is the response people may have when presented with work demands and pressures that are not matched to their knowledge and abilities. Work stress is recognized world-wide as a major challenge to workers’ health and the health of their organizations. Workers who are stressed are more likely to be unhealthy, poorly motivated, less productive, and less safe at work (Leka, Friffiths, & Cox, 2008). This paper is focused on the elements in today’s work environment that contribute to increased levels of conflict and stress. The level of...
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...* "[O]ne of the functions of phonetic stress is to make words understandable. This kind of stress, known as word-level stress, is actually part of a word's pronunciation. It may also serve to differentiate words that are similar. For example, We're going to record a record, the two similar words are stressed differently so that the first record is stressed on the second syllable (vowel reduction in the first syllable also assists in helping us to assign stress to the second syllable), whereas the second record is stressed on the first syllable (with vowel reduction in the second syllable). All words of more than one syllable have a prominent or stressed syllable. If we pronounce a word with appropriate stress, people will understand us; if we use the wrong stress placement, we run the risk of being misunderstood. "Phrase or sentence stress is tied to meaning, and this is the second function of stress. As we focus a camera on some item of interest, phonetic stress helps us focus our listener's attention on what is most important in our message." (Harold T. Edwards, Applied Phonetics: The Sounds of American English, 3rd ed. Thomson, 2003) * "Stresses tend to recur at regular intervals. But the sound pattern of English does not make it an overriding necessity to adjust the lengths of syllables so as to enforce complete regularity. The interval between stresses is affected by the number of syllables within the stress group, by the number and type of vowels and consonants...
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...Occupational Stress and How to Deal with It Heather L. DuSoleil English 333 December 12, 2012 Executive Summary Occupational Stress is a substantial problem to workers and employees all over the world. Occupational stress is considered an “epidemic” and it is costing employers over $200 billion dollars a year. With that being said, there is a lot that bosses and managers should be educating not only themselves about, but also their employees about. This proposal is to give people the tools that they need to help them solve the problem of occupational stress. Keywords: Stress, Occupational Stress, Epidemic, Tips, Acute Distress, Acute Episodic Distress, Chronic Distress, Eustress, and Distress. Statement of Need Teaching employees how to deal with occupational stress will help reduce costs to employers, reduce work accidents, and make employees and workplaces a lot healthier and safer. When people are not stressed their environment is a much less hostile place. That makes customers more at ease and co-workers get along much better. Employers spend more than $200 billion dollars a year on absenteeism, accidents, sickness, and burnt out employees. That number can be greatly reduced by making sure that employees have many ways of dispelling occupational stress both at work and in their personal lives. By implementing a plan to reduce occupational stress and the effects it has on employees the business world will...
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...essay will look at three different change management interventions, employee stress and wellness intervention, reward systems intervention and goal setting intervention, and will then assess the strengths and weaknesses of each intervention, taking into account which one will be the best option for addressing some of the problems identified. The goal setting intervention, as the chosen intervention, will then be analysed, addressing what resistance may be expected upon its implementation at Office Tigers, the best way to overcome this resistance, and how to know if it the intervention has been successfully institutionalized into the organisation and as a result, has improved its performance and effectiveness (Cummings & Worley, 2008, p. 161). Analysis of selected interventions Each of the interventions that will be critically analysed are human resources (HR) management interventions. A HR management intervention aims to solve the problems created by HR issues. These issues revolve around ‘attracting competent people to the organisation, setting goals for them, appraising and rewarding their performance, and ensuring that they develop their careers and manage stress’ (Cummings & Worley, 2008, p. 154 para. 6). Each of these interventions are appropriate and beneficial on an individual or group level. Employee Stress and Wellness (Human Resources Management Intervention) The amount of job stress an employee has, and the effect it has on their general...
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...Time management is about discipline and execution. Time is a resource that no one can buy, sell, share with others, take from others, receive more of, or have less of. Every day has the same amount of time, 24 hours. What a person does with time makes a difference. The people who make the most of their time may apply different techniques and systems, but they have one thing in common. They have a vision of how they spend their time, a vision that includes a clear sense of priorities. They know what they want to do with their time. The subject of this paper is to describe the goal of managing time better, assess target behaviors to increase or decrease, and to provide a monitoring system to track progress. Time Management One most useful stress reduction skills a person can learn is effective time management. A person may begin by making a list of work, school, family, and leisure activities that a person performs in a day. A person should analyze the list to sort the activities according to priority. This will place the high priority activities at the top for a person to accomplish his or her goals. To allocate and use time well, a person may decide to eliminate some activities from the daily schedule, such as watching television, chatting online, or talking on the phone. After analyzing and ranking activities, a person must determine the amount of time he or she needs to carry out the activities. Allow more time to complete the high priority tasks than those of lesser importance...
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...Occupational Stress In Nursing Stress And Stress Management Teenage Stress Stress Article Stress Symptoms Occupational Stress Stress Statistics A woman with neck pain caused by stress. Watch the Did-You-Know slideshow AdChoices Stress Burn Out Stress Management at Work Stress Burnout Depression How to Cope with Stress Stress at the Workplace Neck Pain Stress Article Details Written By: Malcolm Tatum Edited By: Bronwyn Harris Copyright Protected: 2003-2013 Conjecture Corporation Free Widgets for your Site/Blog Did You Know? Nearly 80% of people in the US live in roughly 3% of the country's total land area (i.e., cities). more... get widget This Day in History February 11 , 1990 : Nelson Mandela was released from prison. more... get widget Subscribe to wiseGEEK Learn something new every day More Info... by email Occupational stress is a term used to define ongoing stress that is related to the workplace. The stress may have to do with the responsibilities associated with the work itself, or be caused by conditions that are based in the corporate culture or personality conflicts. As with other forms of tension, occupation stress can eventually affect both physical and emotional well being if not managed effectively. Stress is an inherent factor in any type of vocation or career. At its best, the presence of stress can be a motivator that urges the individual to strive for excellence. However, excess amounts of stress can lead to...
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