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Stroke Case Studies

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Timely treatment after a stroke is imperative in increasing a patient’s likelihood of survival, as well as sustaining their quality of life. Stroke was once seen as a condition in which little could be done for a patient in the emergency environment; emergency personnel could assess vital signs and maintain airways during transport, whereas in the emergency department (ED) the patient would undergo monitoring until they were recovered enough to receive cognitive and physical therapy. However, with the advent of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), this dim reality has largely changed.
First approved for ischemic strokes by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1996, tPA works by breaking down blood clots that cause nearly 80% of all stroke …show more content…
Patients may present with atypical symptoms (e.g., migraine or seizure) or symptoms may dissipate entirely before responders arrive. Moreover, stroke diagnosis may be further complicated by patients suffering a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Otherwise known as mini-strokes, TIAs often precede a stroke within hours or days. The symptoms associated with a TIA are similar to that of a stroke, however symptom duration is far shorter, lasting only minutes or hours.3 Previous studies have shown that paramedics missed over a third of all strokes,4 and only identified 27% of the hospital-confirmed strokes recognized at dispatch.5 These delays in stroke recognition and timely administration of tPA emphasize the importance for new and innovative approaches in the detection of strokes and timely processing of potential stroke patients to both imaging and …show more content…
A currently existing tool is the Medical Priority Dispatch System® (MPDS®) Stroke Diagnostic Tool (SDxT). Based on the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS),8 the SDxT consists of three prompts (given as a combination of key-questions and statements) to assess the patients cognitive and motor functions (e.g., raising both hands over the head, smiling, saying a coherent sentence). The results of these prompts are recorded in the Tool’s software system, ProQA (the software based version of the MPDS), whereby the level of stroke evidence is calculated providing a recommendation of CLEAR evidence of stroke, STRONG evidence of stroke, PARTIAL evidence of stroke, or No test evidence of

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