...Reproductive justice targets the structural inequalities of reproductive health for marginalized communities in the United States. Through policy and law making government officials have made it possible to provide contraception and sexual education to those who lack the resources to get it. In Dorothy Roberts chapters, she described the reproductive injustices and violations that women and girls have endured. As a way to control domestic populations of marginalized communities state legislators made contraceptives available through Medicaid for poor women. Due to the alternative motives behind the funding even women who did not have Medicaid had the opportunity to get Norplant; a hormonal implant that prevents pregnancy for up to 5 years....
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...Gender Inequality 1 Gender Inequality KeJuan Barnes Rasmussen College Gender inequality is the imbalance between the position of men and women in our structured societies, and/or cultures. The first aspect that I would like to touch on, which I also believe is one of the more important topics, is the role that men and women play in education. This wasn’t touched on in the book, but I’m speaking from personal experience. Being that I’m a male pre-school teacher in the field of Early Childhood Education, gender inequality is seen highly. When you look at a teacher (role model) working with young pre-school kids, a lot of people expect the teacher to be a female, not male. People tend to associate pre-school teachers as “delicate” and “nurturing”. These are traits that women are naturally labeled with, so people assume female. Having read the book, I’m starting to think differently now. Is this job supposed to be that of a woman’s job because it’s labeled as less prestigious, whereas a principal’s job is more prestigious and held by mostly men? Also, it stated in the book that men make more money annually, hourly, and are given a higher raise percentage. This is all because society paints the picture that men and women are not equal. I believe it stems from physical aspects as well. Men are supposed to be bigger and stronger, and supposedly smarter, whereas women are supposed to be gentle, sensitive, and nurturing. It seems...
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...The chapters by Seth Holmes provide accounts of indirect violence, and the illegalization of migrants which supports Nevins argument that violence against immigrants are normalized. Nevins argues this violence is normalized in our society because it is indirect. He discusses how direct/physical violence attracts scrutiny. However, when the violence is indirect and structural it has no clear perpetrator allowing it to be dismissed and normalized. Seth Holmes confirms this statement in the writing piece How the Poor Suffer, he talks about the extreme labor work that migrants undergo and how the pain and suffering is an example of structural violence. “Structural violence is manifested as social inequalities and hierarchies, often along social...
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...This paper is a modest attempt to examine the temporal and cross state behaviour of the growth ,poverty and inequality and also to examine the relations between them and to see whether the temporal behaviour of the incidence of poverty is compatible with the policy evolution followed since independence Further we re-examine whether the conventional hypothesis that growth is a necessary but not sufficient condition for the reduction of poverty across the states hold. Finally, we try to find out the proximate explanatory factors for the crossstate and temporal variations in the incidence of poverty in terms panel regression analysis. We find that our economy has indeed achieved a high growth trajectory such that it has been conspicuous during the post reform period with a remarkable structural transformation on an unconventional path which has been accompanied by a tremendous increase in service sector driven growth path. Almost all the states have experienced increase in the growth rates of their real per capita NSDP in varying degrees over the period and the post reform period marks a phase of achievement of very high growth rates for almost all the states. The nature of the growth experienced by the states is found to be divergent .We do not find any uniform relation between temporal behaviour of the growth rates and the Gini inequality across the states Interestingly almost all the states have experienced declining trend in the incidence of poverty in varying...
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...Structural violence refers to a systematic institution which inflicts harm in the way of individuals and disadvantages them in meeting their basic needs. Paul Farmer explains this term in An Anthropology of Structural Violence by separating the phrase. The term ”structure” refers to a neutral policy which supposedly exists unquestionably and permanently. “Structure” is paired with the term “violence” referring our attention to thoughts of injustices and inequalities. In actuality, these customs do not exist neither naturally nor neutrally, but have been embedded in the political, economic, and social organization of societies over time. Structural violence is not limited to local histories or countries classified as third world, but also...
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...three aspects: equal opportunities, equal treatment and equal entitlements for both, men and women. It is directly linked with human development. The author says that patriarchy thrives on control of women’s sexuality, fertility and labour for male hegemony over economic resources. Economic institutions and policy can exacerbate existing gender inequalities instead of mitigating them. Laws and policies too play a significant role in determining the extent of gender inequality that exists in a society. They can serve to protect women’s rights or to reduce them. For example, in many countries, women still lack the legal right to inherit or own property and, in many others, violence against women is not considered a criminal offense. The paper argues that without transformations in economic relations or the implementation and enforcement of legal rights and protection, gender equality and the empowerment of women can remain an elusive goal. Women’s Studies have challenged the conventional indicators of development that focus on urbanization, higher education, mobility of labor, technological development, modernization, infra-structural development, industrialization etc. Through the lens of Gender Economics, the author contextualizes day to day survival struggles of women in the family, in the households, in the community and in the micro and macro economy with the perspective of power relations which control women and girl children's sexuality, fertility and labor. The paper...
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...ECONOMIC STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMMES AFFECTED WOMEN MORE THAN MEN The view that Economic Structural Adjustment Programmes (ESAPs) affected women more than men is true to a considerable extent. This was because women were a vulnerable group and Economic Structural Adjustment Programs worsened the situation and that is why ESAP have been cynically changed to mean Extreme Suffering of the African People, and this implies that Economic Structural Adjustment Programs brought more negative impact than positive ones and it were women who particularly suffered more than any other group. Economic Structural Adjustment Programmes are perceived by the Bretton Wood institutions as the process which aims at making national economies of developing countries more efficient, more flexible and better able to use resources through cutting of expenses. The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank were arguing that Third World countries were being faced with finance problems because they were spending too much on arms and paying workers. Hence the way to address these financial problems was by reducing on arms spending and retrenchment of extra workers, and this was the dawn of a new economic day in developing countries in the form of Economic Structural Adjustment...
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...Assignment 5 Paper Both freedom and equality are political issues that have yet to be fully resolved and understood despite our nation being founded on both. Although we as a society have glamorized our country as being the “Land of the Free” and where “Everyone is created equal,” there are still social issues that give reason to believe that we as citizens of the United States aren’t so equal and not exactly all that free. In the Dialogue readings, I have selected four of which I feel could be strongly applied to the political beliefs of both freedom and equality. In the “Self and Society” book complied of different readings and philosophical authors, I have chosen Albert Camus, B.F. Skinner, Horace Miner, and C. Wright Mills as comparisons to the ideas on freedom and equality. In Camus’ reading entitled “The Guest,” the schoolmaster named Daru is visited by a horseman, Balducci. Alongside Balducci is his captive prisoner, an Arab who remains nameless throughout the reading. Balducci instructs Camus to take the prisoner to police headquarters to face accusations against a supposed crime he had committed. Throughout the story, Daru is seen living well in his furnished and heated home that looks over an impoverished, cold and often corrupt land. This demonstrates quite obviously that not everyone is considered equal, as the rest of the land is cold and freezing while Daru is kept warm. Daru, who goes against Balducci’s orders, and remains true to his own personal freedoms...
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...Abstract The concept of ethnocentrism is the practice of judging other cultures according to our own culture (Maciones, 2012); doing so inadvertently we use this as a racist and stereotype judgment. The movie “The Chaser” was filmed in South Korea; I will compare the movie with my culture as an Americanized-Hispanic. Introduction Ethnocentrism can be defined as our point of view of another culture; basing our opinion by comparing it to our own culture. Depending on how one uses this categorization we can easily come to a conclusion which becomes more of a stereotype or racist judgment. The effects of ethnocentrism can be negative and affect others in their life in great multitudes. We can use the example from 9/11. Since then many Muslims have been judged and put into a category simply because of their religion; not everybody who is Muslim is also tied into al-Qaeda. Just because woman/man wear head gear also make them an extremist who is out to bomb something. But because of this tragedy, we have done just that, accused and damned their religion and beliefs; because they are not like us and well because of 9/11. “The Chaser” The movie I chose was “The Chaser”; a movie filmed in South Korea about an ex-detective turned pimp who finds himself in financial trouble because two of his girls disappeared. After sending his last girl, he finds out that the customer is also the last customer of the other two girls who just went missing;...
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...Manhattan 语法—中文精简版 一、SC 的做题方法与原则 1、不是找对的，而是选最好的。 2、方法：排除法，首先在稿纸上写下所有选项，然后根据一些相似性将答案大致分组，根 据各组的不同特点划去错误的，比较剩余选项，针对区别进行判断，剩下最好的。 3、做改错题时，首先应通读句子，找出句子中能帮助做题的关键词。在很多情况下，句子 中帮助做题的关键词离划线部分会很远。 4、GMC 原则：grammar, meaning and concision, including：主谓一致，平行，代词，修 饰，动词时态、语态和主被动，比较和习惯用法 二、意思与句子简洁 GMAT改错题关键的三个要点，顺序依次为： STEP 1、首先看有无语法错误 STEP 2、看意思表达是否准确 STEP 3、是否简洁 （一） 意思 1、正确用词 ①Economic-经济的； economical-节约的；合算的；有效的 ②Aggravate-加重，恶化； aggravating-令人愤怒的 ③Known as –被认为是，很著名； known to be-被承认…；known for ④Loss of –失去；loss in-贬值 ⑤Mandate-命令；have a mandate-拥有选举权 ⑥Native of- （人）来自；native to –物种起源于 ⑦Range of –多种的； ranging-变化 ⑧ Rate of –速度或频率； rates for – 价格… ⑨Rise –上升,形容无方向，单纯上升； raise-（打赌或工资）上涨，有方向 ⑩Such as –比如； like-好像（举例只能用such as, 不能用like） ⑾Try to do –努力去完成； try doing –尝试去做 ⑿ impale-刺穿；impel-逼迫 2、情态动词 （1）当原句意思上没有问题时，忠实原句，不做任何修改，即使修改过来也成立。 Actual: If Chris and Jed met, they DISCUSSED mathematics. Hypothetical: If Chris and Jed met, they WOULD DISCUSS mathematics. （2）当原句意思上有问题时，要替换为相对好点的那个。 EG：should 在GMAT中表示“道德上的义务”，而不是“好像”的意思。 3、词在句中的位置 （1）要关注一些重点词，all, only；位置不同句子意思也不一样。 EG: ONLY the council votes on Thursdays. The council votes ONLY on Thursdays. （2）关注句子的整体顺序，是否会产生歧义；EG：主被动语序强调的对象不同。 （3）在英语中，一般主语会放在谓语前面，因此一般不会用倒装结构，除非开头是否定词。 定语从句中，一般不用倒装。例如：OG129。 4、搭配 句子各成分是搭配在一起才有意义。 （二） 简洁 § 简洁是GMAT 最后考到的点，只有在语法和意思都无误的情况，才选择最简洁的；换言 之，如果语法无问题，即使很长也会比一个语法有问题，很短的句子好。 § GMAT语法题中，如果一个词可以搞定的意思，不要用一个短语，EG: differ好于have difference in Wordy: They HAVE DIFFERENCES over THE...
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...Inequalities Thomas Cunningham MAT221: Introduction to Algebra (GSO13360) Instructor: Justin Hazel Inequalities In this assignment I will be showing you how you can find out how to use Inequalities to find out how much you may or may not be overweight. You can use my equations and the examples of my work to find out exactly what category you might fall in. In this equation we are asked to use our own height to find out exactly if I might have a longer life span than the usual person. Before we start remember that W=my weight, and then H=my height. W=178.2 and then H=67 In this first compound inequality, I had to take the equivalent inequality and replace it with the BMI formula. My height and weight has been added in to replace the current H^. The next steps for this compound inequality I had to multiply all the terms by the denominator. There was some cancellation done towards the first phase of the problem. I then all three terms where divided by 703 to isolate W. People’s height of 67 might be different life span of those whom might weigh between 108lbs and 128lbs. 17<BMI<=22 17<703W/67^<22 17<703W/4489<22 17(4489) <703W<22(4489) 76313<703W<8978 76313/703<8978/703 108<W<128 In order to solve this second inequality, what I need to do is solve for W and place the values of W. The very first thing that happens is I multiply all the terms by H^ in order to take out...
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...MAT 221 Math is a very interesting and difficult topic for me at times, but I must admit that I enjoyed this week’s lesson on inequalities. I never knew that there were calculations for body mass index until now. Below, I have worked out calculations according to my height that let me know which weight(s) is healthy for me. In addition, I will also work calculations in between as well as the calculations that show which level of weight(s) that I need to stay away from, if I wish to extend my years here. According to page 151 in our textbook, we were given the formula for Body Mass Index or BMI as stated below: BMI= 703W H2 Next, we were asked to calculate the four intervals based on our own individual heights. My height is 72.23 inches. The various intervals include three compound between inequalities and one average inequality. Whenever BMI shows up in the inequalities I will substitute the formula and solve the inequality for W to point out the weight ranges that fit each category for my specified height. As documented, the first interval shows those who might have a longer life span than average. The compound inequality for this is: 17<BMI<22 17<703W<22 This is referred to as an equivalent inequality. H2 17<703W<22 Here H2 has been replaced by my actual height in inches. 72.232 17<703W <22 During the next step, I will multiply all three terms by the denominator. 5217.1729 17(5217.1729)<703W(5217...
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...sign in the equation. Not all formulas can be solved for all of their variables. Example 1.2. The formula we wrote relating Fahrenheit and Celsius temperatures is solved for the variable representing degrees in Celsius C. We solve it for degrees in Fahrenheit F : 5 C = (F − 32) 9 9 C = F − 32 5 9 C + 32 = F 5 Written in the normal way (with the solved variable on the left-hand side) our solution is 9 F = C + 32 5 2. Solving Linear Inequalities 2.1. Inequalities and Interval Notation. An inequality is an expression representing the way that variables or numbers are not equal. We will learn to simplify expressions which describe how a variable is less or greater than another. In mathematical notation for fixed real numbers a, the inequality x < a represents all numbers less than a; we can write this equivalently a > x. The inequality x > a represents all numbers greater than a. The previous inequalities are called strict, since we are not allowed to take x = a. If we can take x = a, the inequalities are written x ≤ a or x ≥ a. The solution set of an inequality can be written in set-builder notation: for example, the real numbers greater than or equal to a can be written as {x : x > a} When the upper bound on the solution set is missing, we can write it with +∞; similarly, if the lower bound is missing, we can write −∞. That is, {x : x > a} = {x : +∞ > x > a} Date: Spring 2014. 1 MTH 0111 WEEK 3 2 In...
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...Programming Final 1. The case structure lets the value of a variable or an expression determine which path of execution the program will take. It’s a multiple alternative decision structure that allows you to test the value of a variable or an expression and then use that value to determin which statement to execute. 2. The AND operator takes two Boolean expressions as operands and creates a compound Boolean expression that is true only when both expressions are true. True AND True = True 3. The OR operator takes two Boolean expressions as operands and creates a compound Boolean expression that is true when either of the sub expressions is true. True OR False = True 4. The NOT operator is a unary operator that takes a Boolean expression as its operand an reverses its logical value. The Not operator reverses the truth of its operand. If it is applied to an expression that is true the operator returns false. If it is applied to an expression that is false it returns True. Not true = False, Not false = True 5. Flow chart 6. And, Or , Not 7. And, Or, Not 8. And, OR, Not 9. > greater than, < less than, >= greater than or equal to, <= less than or equal to, == equal to, != not equal to 10. Case structure has a diamond at the top and branches down into different parallelograms. 11. A repetition structure causes a statement or set of statements to execute repeatedly. 12. A condition-controlled loop uses a true/false condition to control the number of times that...
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...A positive cost variance or a CPI greater than one indicates the project is under budget. A negative cost variance or a CPI less than one indicates the project is over budget. A CV of zero or a CPI of one indicates the project is on target. | A positive schedule variance or a SPI greater than one indicates the project is ahead of schedule. A negative schedule variance or a SPI less than one indicates the project is behind schedule. An SV of zero or a SPI of one indicates the project is on target. | For TCPI Less than 1 is good. The farther below 1, the easier it will likely be to achieve the desired result. At one: The same results are needed to achieve results. Greater than one is not good. The farther above one, the more difficult it will be to achieve the desired result. Analysis Our project is doing quite well. It is estimated to come in at a cost of $833,333, which likely means spending another $213,333 to finish the project. This is $141,667 less than originally planned. This means it should be quite easy to meet senior-management goals as denoted in the original project plan. 4. Analysis * Schedule: The positive schedule variance and SPI above 1.0 indicates the project is ahead of schedule; however, the critical path for this project is A - C - E, and CP tasks are significantly behind schedule (SPI for A = 0.80). Be careful when analyzing project totals for SPI, as the critical path is not taken directly into consideration...
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