Other criticisms of fashion advertising include lack of diversity or misrepresentation, unrealistic expectations of society, celebrity conformity, which links to low self-esteem. In the article “Stuck in the Model Trap: The Effects of Beautiful Models in Ads on Female Pre-adolescents and Adolescents”(1997), Mary Martin and James Gentry argue that the use of beautiful models in ads creates and reinforces a preoccupation with physical attractiveness and influences the perceptions of female college students, adolescents and pre-adolescents resulting in self- comparisons to these images (Martin and Gentry, 19). Researchers have suggested that there is a connection between fashion ads and eating disorders or low-self esteem.(Figure 1.10) For example, in a study conducted by Eric Stice, Diane Spangler and W. Stewart Agras, when adolescents and college females are frequently exposure to a fashion ad, it alters the perception of beauty leading to body dissatisfaction, dieting, negative emotions and bulimic symptoms …show more content…
The article “Skin Tones in Magazine Advertising” (2005) discusses the continuous lack of representation of color models in fashion ads especially women of darker skin tones and distorts the definition of beauty based on Eurocentric features (Mayo et. al, p.50). Plus size models are also underrepresented in fashion advertisements. Often, advertisers cast models with white skin and are thin to their products more appealing (Czerniawski, p.1). According to Wilson, “the existence of different ideal of beauty in other societies does not explain why thinness has become an ideal in ours” (Wilson 115). It is no secret or surprise that skinny models are often casted to walk in fashion shows or in fashion commercials and that there is a hidden correlation between fashion and thinness; however, there is proof that the fashion industry has adopted and is attempting to display more