...``Push-pull'' factors influencing international student destination choice Tim Mazzarol Graduate School of Management, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia Geoffrey N. Soutar Graduate School of Management, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia Keywords Students, Decision making, Learning, Country of origin Introduction Why do students choose to study overseas? Demand for education, particularly higher education, has traditionally been driven by expectations of its ability to raise the economic and social status of the graduate. For people in less developed countries, limited access to education in their own countries led to a significant rise in the number of international students studying overseas. Between 1960 and 1970, the average growth in international student flows was around 9 per cent, and continued at about 6 per cent from 1970 to 1980 (Hughes, 1988). While there is some evidence of a slowing in the overall flow of international students during the 1980s and 1990s (Kemp, 1995), a global industry has been created. The global pattern of international student flows may be explained by a combination of ``push and pull'' factors that encourage students to study overseas. ``Push'' factors operate within the source country and initiate a student's decision to undertake international study. ``Pull'' factors operate within a host country to make that country relatively attractive to international students. Some of these factors are inherent in the...
Words: 6132 - Pages: 25
...Problem and its Background Introduction For every incoming college student, choosing the best course can be a difficult decision while choosing a major and thinking about the future career is yet another difficult task to reflect on. A major is a field in which a student chooses to specialize during its undergraduate study. The choice determines the academic discipline, environmental influences and the interest in the field of the student. The major offers an opportunity to enhance the intellectual skill and to show the capability of a student to undertake a subject from the basics to advanced study. There are some students who arrive on campus and know exactly what course or major to pursue and already having an idea what their future careers will be but most of the students do not know which major will get them there. In fact, due to the large number of courses available to students, most of them find themselves switching majors during college. San Sebastian College – Recoletos de Manila is one of the few institutions in the country that offers a major degree in Hotel & Restaurant Management; be it Major in Hotel, Restaurant & Resort Management or Major in Culinary Arts. The importance of choosing a major in Hotel & Restaurant Management as well as any courses available is a vital and crucial part for every student as it will be the building blocks of success in the future. Students have to be more knowledgeable about the path they will be taking for this...
Words: 1372 - Pages: 6
...CAREER CHOICES AS DETERMINED BY EXTERNAL MILIEUS A Micro Research Paper Arabia, Lord Mark Anthony M. Villones, Wilson C. ED 4 Educational Research and Evaluation Masilang, Judy Marcia M. 22 March 2012 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM Career choice is an ongoing process, needs in-depth study, and requires much thought as it a decision that affects your future. As you learn new things you get an understanding of what you are interested in, what you would enjoy doing and what will be one of the best paying options. Career planning is a never-ending process as you gain experiences, grow, and improve. You need to give it a thought (Koonar, 2009). And there would always be a time that students will definitely begin to discern their future career. When the students reached this point, they now start to solicit ideas of what course to be selected as an embodiment of their future career. However, though most of them solicit ideas from the people who are learned in a particular discerning situation, they usually end up selecting their own choices (Polistico, 2009). When they fail to choose what their hearts desire, then would most likely shift course and end up the college level doubling the time intended for the particular course. The purpose of the study is to determine if career choice is really determined by the external milieus to which the students used to live. Furthermore, it seeks primarily to explore the extent of how these external factors could predict students’ career...
Words: 2051 - Pages: 9
...Career Preference Among BHRM Students March 2013 Career Preference Among BHRM Students Chapter 1 Introduction to the study This chapter is composed of five parts: (1) Background and Theoretical Framework, (2) Statement of the Problem and the Hypothesis, (3) Significance of the Study, (4) Definition of Terms, and (5) Delimitation of the Study Part One, Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study, presents the reasons for choosing of the problem and the theoretical framework upon which the study was anchored. Part Two, Statement of the Problem and the Hypothesis, states the major problem and specific questions to be answered as well as the hypothesis to be tested. Part Three, Significance of the study, discuss the benefits that may be derived from the results of the investigation. Part Four, Definition of Terms, presents the operation and conceptual meanings of the important terms used in the study. Part Five, Delimitation of the Study, specifies the scope and coverage of the study. Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study “After college, what’s next?” It is the foremost question faced by college students especially the 4th year graduating students. The students are still confused on where, when and what job to apply after graduation. The great part of an individual’s life is spent in his career or vocation and usually satisfaction is made through his occupation or career. His ability to make something work or valuable...
Words: 3657 - Pages: 15
... Personal Responsibility and Academic Success To obtain academic success through personal responsibility individuals must take ownership of his or her goals. Prioritizing tasks, such as time management, identifying purpose and goal setting are essential in one’s path to success. Even though there may be outside influences that may change life’s course, personal responsibility is necessary for academic success because every choice made is one’s own responsibility and every individual can decide how to shape he or her future. Personal responsibility is the privilege to make his or her own choices and obligations in life. One would agree with famous author Stephen Covey’s explanation. “Look at the word responsibility - “response-ability” - the ability to choose your response. Highly proactive people recognize that responsibility. They do not blame circumstances, conditions, or conditioning for their behavior. Their behavior is a product of their own conscious choice, based on values, rather than a product of their conditions, based on feeling” (Covey, 1989. Pg81) Personal responsibility involves working on one’s own character and skill development rather than blaming others for situations and circumstances. It means choosing to design a life full of purpose and worth. Academic success refers to one’s level of successfully completed schooling and ability to achieve individual success in curriculum studies. Colin...
Words: 678 - Pages: 3
...EMPOWERMENT THROUGH CHOICE? A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF CHOICE IN ORGANIZATIONS Roy Yong-Joo Chua and Sheena S. Iyengar ABSTRACT The provision of choice is one of the most common vehicles through which managers empower employees in organizations. Although past psychological and organizational research persuasively suggests that choice confers personal agency, and is thus intrinsically motivating, emerging research indicates that there could be potential pitfalls. In this chapter, we examine the various factors that could influence the effects of choice. Specifically, we examine individual-level factors such as the chooser’s socioeconomic status and cultural background. We also examine situational factors such as the content of choice and the number of choices offered. We then expand our discussion on the effect of giving employees extensive choice by looking at its influence on creative performance. In the second half of this chapter, we discuss implications for future organizational behavior research and examine how emerging research on choice making can inform specific managerial practices. Research in Organizational Behavior: An Annual Series of Analytical Essays and Critical Reviews Research in Organizational Behavior, Volume 27, 41–79 Copyright r 2006 by Elsevier Ltd. All rights of reproduction in any form reserved ISSN: 0191-3085/doi:10.1016/S0191-3085(06)27002-3 41 42 ROY YONG-JOO CHUA AND SHEENA S. IYENGAR INTRODUCTION Douglas McGregor’s (1960)...
Words: 17066 - Pages: 69
...unknown road without a map. No set destination can be achieved without an attempt at plans or directions. Some roads are shorter than others, due to life choices or life obstacles. Many people make choices that cause them to crash and others sometimes just need a little tow from a friend to get their lives back in the right direction on the road. Life is a road we are on, it is our destiny to choose where our road takes us, this I believe. Despite young age, many of us have encountered hardships beyond our years. Many people have overcome poverty, peer pressure, and the loss of loved ones. I personally have dealt with all these. One of the biggest bumps in my road has been the loss of a close aunt, she was like a second mother to me. I felt like giving up on my goals and my path, depression led to a lack of motivation. However, I continued driving through the rocky patch of road I was on. Both a hardship and blessing, I now am a teenage father. The statement by Drew Barrymore “I don't know anybody's road who's been paved perfectly for them, there are no manuals, You don't know what life has in store for you” relates to every person on this road. Every turn and swerve in the road is a blind spot and it's impossible to guess the things that may be confronted. It's a personal choice to continue forging on regardless of the barriers between the...
Words: 1039 - Pages: 5
...Preference Assessment Assignment Student Background Brandon R. is a 12 year old male diagnosed with Autism. He presents no fine or gross motor issues. He does show many delays and deficits in language and social skills. Brandon likes interacting with age appropriate peers and has many age appropriate likes and dislikes. Part 1: Develop a reinforcer menu To develop a reinforcer menu for Brandon, I observed him during free choice time, asked his mother for input, and I asked him directly. I explained to his mother how I was going to conduct the reinforcer assessment and then told her what things he was currently enjoying in school. She then added to my list and even sent some extra food supplies to school the next day. Brandon has many age appropriate likes but his likes frequently change from day to day or hour to hour. I was able to identify seven stable items to use in the reinforce menu that stay as constant likes for Brandon. Reinforcer Menu: 1. Goldfish crackers 2. 5 minutes of iPad time 3. M & M’s 4. 5 minutes of computer time 5. Chips Ahoy! Cookies 6. 5 minutes of drawing time 7. Mario Kart Wii toy Part 3: Systematic Preference Assessment: Forced Choice |Pair * | |Pair** | | |ITEM # |Student Choice |ITEM # |Student Choice | |3 6 |3 |2 6 |2 | |1 ...
Words: 764 - Pages: 4
...making decisions, both of their ideas focus on ethical choices. In Ivan Boesky’s Choice, Peter Singer mentioned ultimate choice and restricted choice. While restricted choices are made more often in daily life, ultimate choices are made when one is facing a decision that can benefit himself or can go against his ethical values. In my understanding, restricted choices are decisions that can be made without thinking critically or be done with some consideration. These choices are often made by a person’s interest. The decision, whether is good or bad, cannot affect the other’s interests. For example, a student chooses chemistry to study even though she doesn’t enjoy this subject. Although her decision might result in a lower grade in this course, it will not affect her classmates. On the other hand, ultimate choices are decisions that can affect not only a person’s interest, but also the others’. Unlike making restricted decisions, a person has to think critically and carefully before the ultimate decisions are made about the consequences. If a person respects his ethical values, it’s likely for him to make a good decision. If he decides to benefit himself, he might make a bad choice, and it might result in unpredicted consequences. For example, the same student who picked chemistry, and at this moment, she is having a really hard time. The first exam is coming, and she barely understands anything. She is in the middle of two choices, whether cheating or seeking for help. If she decides...
Words: 1026 - Pages: 5
...Predictors Influencing the 1st Year Students’ Perspective in Choosing BSEd- Biological Science as Their Course An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to the College Faculty of Holy Trinity College of General Santos City In partial fulfillment Of the requirements for the subject Action Research in Science By: Domaptar, Junaid B. Francisco, Novela D. Gabreza, Jean Maryflor A. Ogena, Jason Y. March 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chapters 1. The Problem and its Setting Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Statement of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Significance of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scope and Delimitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Review of related Literature and Studies Related Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Related Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Conceptual Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. Methodology The Research Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Respondents of the...
Words: 1081 - Pages: 5
...Factors affecting 4th year students of Ann Marris Montessori School in choosing preferred college program. Background of the study: To have a beautiful future means to sacrifice and invest their own money and time to send the children in their family to school. According to Theodore Roosevelt, “Education is the key to success.” In the present times, education in the Philippines is very important. Education is the major basis of employment of the Filipino youth. To graduate with a college degree is to have a good job and even improve their self-esteem. Many of the youth today are confused and uncertain as to what path they should follow after their high school days. During the 1960’s and even today, people who graduated college found more job opportunities available to them than those who had a lower form of education. We believe that students who graduate college with the course suited for them will even have a higher percentage of landing a job. Statement of the problem: * What are the characteristics of the seniors in terms of: Sex: Age: Parents’ educational attainment: Parents’ occupation: Size of income: Sibling position: * What are the top three expressed career choices of the students? * What are the preferences of the students in choosing a career in college in terms of: Childhood aspiration: Family/Relatives: Peer/Friends: Values In demand jobs: School guidance counselor: Hypothesis ...
Words: 548 - Pages: 3
...accept personal responsibility is one’s choice. Becoming aware of feelings and accepting change will result in better decision-making as well as positive success in one’s life. Responsibility continues throughout one’s own actions therefore making the right choices will build character and not result in negative consequences. Going to school or work each day is a personal responsibility that we adapt to or can either feel forced to do. Whichever the choice may be, the results are simple, choosing success or blaming others for dropping out or quitting. To get ahead in life, learning to be responsible for one’s own actions is a priority. Only you can choose how your life will go, and taking the time and effort will make a difference in a person’s attitude and behavior. Taking responsibility towards your education refers to time management, study skills and learning. As students we are responsible for excelling, therefore if we fail to meet those standards it is our own responsibility and not that of others. “Research has demonstrated that college outcomes are tied to the efforts that students put into their work and the degree to which they are involved with their studies” (Davis & HillmanMurrell, n.d.). As a student I am responsible for my own efforts that I put into my study time, assignments and learning. Prioritizing what your choices are is one way of learning personal responsibility and achieving positive outcomes. Acknowledging what choices are priority and making sacrifices...
Words: 291 - Pages: 2
...anti-social behaviors. Churches and congregations must face these issues head on and instill values that are religiously based within the youth that will give them the ability to make value based decisions. If the congregation chooses not to address these real life issues, the youth may see church as irrelevant to them and their lives. The church has the ability to instill religious based values that will impact youth throughout their lives. If these issues are not addressed and values regarding these issues that youth face daily, then the youth will view the church as only a memory that does not pertain to them personally. Members within the church have the duty to set an example for the students to follow. The Sunday school teacher can make a connection with a student that can have...
Words: 505 - Pages: 3
...Alternative Schools are a Better Choice for Students Christy Price AIU Online Alternative Schools are a Better Choice for Students What are alternative schools? Alternative schools according to the World Book Encyclopedia (2003) are, “… any public or private school that differs from traditional schools in curriculum, purpose, or teaching methods.” The definition comes from the 1960’s when free schools were created and contained smaller groups of students and teachers. During this time the general consensus was, kids would learn at their own pace and teachers were not meant to be viewed as authority figures but should be mentors to the students under their care. In comparison to public schools, which were seen as oppressive, free schools were a suitable alternative for many students (Miller 2002) For some students alternative high schools are the better choice for their education. Students who attend alternative schools do not lack the ability to learn they just have different learning needs than other students. According to the Waterville Alternative School (2003), located in Waterville Maine, public schools are created on a “one size fits all” basis. That is, there is one set curriculum, schedule, and teaching style. Each student is expected to learn at the same pace; however, this is not the reality. Thus, alternative schools have been created as a way to meet each student’s individual needs. Alternative schools are appealing to some students for a number of reasons. The...
Words: 913 - Pages: 4
...there are some factors associated why people choose one above other. A student might choose Engineering because he is good at Mathematics or Accountancy because it is an in-demand course. This proves that choosing a career path is an important decision that will make in determining future plans because this decision will impact throughout ones lives. Usually, this occurs in the midst of fourth year in high school of the students. For them to be able to go onto higher level, they are sought to choose a career path among many options. But because of these many options they tend to be more confused and they tend used their preference. Notre Dame of Kabacan is just one of the school institutions in Kabacan, North Cotabato that caters secondary level of education. This school has fourth year high school students that might experience the same situation. In this study, the researcher will: determine what is the career preferred by students; identify the factors affecting their preference; determine the advantages and disadvantages in choosing a career; and identify the problems encountered by the students in choosing a career path. This is an important matter in the society because this is one of the concerns of many students and students play a huge part in our society. Their decisions and actions give impact to our society. But this study will be a help for them to gain insights. Aside from that, students are considered customers and customers...
Words: 3324 - Pages: 14