...comprehension among students in today’s society is of high importance. The ability to be college ready in reading and writing categories is a need that many students struggle with at the college level. This paper will focus on an action plan to alleviate those needs and allow for students to be better prepared for future challenges in reading and writing that await them. This paper will address deficiencies, challenges, and strategies to improve the literacy program at Anywhere ISD in Anywhere, Texas. Reading Program Action Plan A reading program plan should be determined by meeting the needs of the students it plans to serve (Ediger, 2010). In determining an action plan for meeting the students of my school there are several key factors I have to evaluate. School funding issues are prevalent in every state in America and in order for this to be effective funding issues need to be established. For the sake of argument this reading program action plan is built on the assumption that funding is not an issue but student success is of more importance. This action plan will focus on 8th grade students at Anywhere ISD in Anywhere, Texas. Based upon data, two thirds of 8th graders read below grade level (Martello, Martello, Modder man, Peterson, & Pan, 2013). Gunning (2013) suggests ten principles in implementing a successful reading program for all students to be successful. In order for these principles to be effective proper monitoring of all students in the reading program...
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...[Question 1, 2 & 3 assessed students’ procedural fluency using number bonds as a mathematical operation for addition. 73.3% of the class population was able to write the correct answers to referenced questions while 6.7% of the class population knew the correct answer but wrote their answers as backward numbers. Nevertheless, writing numbers backward is not an unusual occurrence for 1st graders; it is usually corrected before they transition to 2nd grade. In all, data shows that 80% of the class population demonstrated fluency with math facts. Therefore, my major concern is the remaining 20% of the class population that provided wrong answers to referenced questions. All but one student showed that they did not have enduring understanding about the concept of addition; they could not demonstrate nor transfer their knowledge of addition when asked to solve the straightforward addition operation in question 8. Question 4, 5 & 8 assessed conceptual knowledge of the addition of numbers totaling 8,9,10. 46.7% of the class population was able to accurately provide answers to questions that represent put together situations using number bonds and straightforward addition...
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...University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate School Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 6-1-2010 Effects of reading comprehension and fluency abilities on the N400 event-related potential Annie Hirt Nelson University of South Florida Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons Scholar Commons Citation Nelson, Annie Hirt, "Effects of reading comprehension and fluency abilities on the N400 event-related potential" (2010). Graduate School Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1721 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate School Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact scholarcommons@usf.edu. Effects of Reading Comprehension and Fluency Abilities on the N400 Event-Related Potential by Annie Hirt Nelson A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Childhood Education and Literacy Studies College of Education University of South Florida Major Professor: Mary Lou Morton, Ph.D. Jacqueline Hinckley, Ph.D. Jim King, Ed.D. Richard Marshall, Ph.D. Date of Approval: July 1, 2010 Keywords: syntax, semantics, ERP, N400, sentence structure, children, indexical hypothesis Copyright © 2010, Annie Hirt Nelson ...
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...Section 5 School Examples, Student Case Studies, and Research Examples • School Examples, page 5.3 – School-Wide Screening, page 5.4 – Progress Monitoring, page 5.5 – Tiered Service Delivery, page 5.9 – Data-Based Decision Making, page 5.13 – Parent Involvement, page 5.16 – Resources, page 5.22 August 2006 Overview In November 2002, the United States Department of Education requested that the National Research Center on Learning Disabilities (NRCLD) identify, describe, and evaluate the implementation of responsiveness to intervention (RTI) in elementary schools throughout the United States. The NRCLD staff worked with the six Regional Resource Centers (RRCs) to identify potential sites and solicit school participation. More than 60 schools across the country initially were considered, and information from 41 of those schools was submitted. The NRCLD research staff reviewed the extensive amount of information submitted and judged that 19 of those schools were engaging in one or more commendable RTI practices based on a review of the following six components of an RTI service-delivery model: • School-wide screening. Screening is a type of assessment characterized by quick, low cost, repeatable testing of critical academic skills or behaviors and can be administered by individuals with minimal amounts of training. A screening measures whether a student should be judged at risk. If a student meets the criteria for at-risk status, he or she is considered for more in-depth...
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...| * Home * Products * About * Contact | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Research NotesBrief Notes on Science and Practice from Joseph Witt, PhD, Senior Scientist Why Research is ImportantSchool professionals have an increased awareness of the way the term "research based" is being used by publishers. It has become a completely meaningless phrase in recent years. Every type of intervention, assessment, or curriculum product now carries the label research based. In particular, intervention publishers shamelessly proclaim that their products are based upon research despite a complete absence of scientifically based research. Reasonable care can be taken by school-based professionals to determine if a product has a scientifically acceptable research base. The primary indicator is simple: does the product have peer reviewed published studies indicating it does what it purports to do? The scientific peer review process includes a process whereby research is reviewed by people who are disinterested third parties that scrutinize studies for scientific merit. Studies which are not sound do not get published in quality journals. Very few products have a true research base because conducting the research and going through the peer review process can take 2-4 years. What publishers present instead is "data" from a school here or there that used the product and got good results and everyone "liked" the program. The problem with this claim is the "research"...
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...Effectiveness of Technology on Math Facts Fluency Name: Institution: Course: Tutor: Date: A. RESEARCH TOPIC The majority individuals would have the same opinion that a key objective of education must involve the expansion of learners’ comprehension of fundamental mathematical theories along with procedures. Every student, comprising learners with impairments and students vulnerable to failure, require gaining the know-how and capabilities that may allow them into “understanding” math-associated questions which they come across everyday at domicile as well as in upcoming work incidences. Unluckily, substantial evidence exists to designate that such goal isn’t being achieved, particularly for kids manifesting learning problems. Because the initial dispiriting outcomes of arithmetic accomplishment discovered with State Evaluation of Schooling Progress (SESP) during 1974, insufficient evidence exists to indicate that arithmetic accomplishment has increased considerably, particularly for learners with impairments (Spinelli, 2012). The intention for this research is to identify technology effectiveness towards fundamental arithmetic fluency. As a component of the classroom educational involvement, the research was carried out with ten learners with fair to stern cognitive impairments registered into a school of special training. This five-week research employed a solitary-case turnaround plan (ABAB). Data...
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...HOW DOES A MUSIC PROGRAM AFFECT THE READING FLUENCY OF SECOND GRADE ESL STUDENTS? by Candace Rose Cooper A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts degree in English as a Second Language Hamline University St. Paul, Minnesota April, 2011 Committee: Ann Mabbott-Primary Advisor Cynthia Lundgren-Secondary Advisor Kristin Weidlein-Peer Reader To my aunt, Mary Lou Merdan, Ph.D., who dedicated her career to reading literacy through the education of children and teachers. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter One: Introduction……………………………………………………………….1 Folk Songs………………………………………………………………………...1 Background of the Research………………………………………………………3 Benefits of Music Education……………………………………………………...4 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………...5 Chapter Two: Literature Review…………………………………………………………7 Music, Motivation, Language, and Reading Fluency……………………………..7 Music and Language…………………………………………………………..…..8 Music and Motivation……………………………………………………………10 Oral Language……………………………………………………………………15 Reading Fluency…………………………………………………………………17 Strategies for Enhancing Reading Fluency………………………………………21 Fluency and ELLs…………………………………………………...…………...24 Fluency Assessment……………………………………………………………...25 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………….29 Chapter Three: Methodology…………………………………………….……………...31 Participants and Research Design………………………………………………..31 Research Paradigm…………………………………………….………………....31 Setting………………………….………………………………………………...32 iii Participants………………………………………………………………………...
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...Linking Assessment and Instruction for Students with Disabilities Final Exam Study Guide Information of each of these topics can be found in the notes, textbook, class handouts, and presentation handouts Introduction to Assessment and the Law – Chapter 1 Define and identify examples of formative and summative assessment * Formative assessment * On going evaluation * Less formal * Used to adjust and monitor progress * Summative assessment * Evaluation at the end of a unit/ year * More formal * Assess student competency with a unit Identify and apply the 6 principles of IDEA * Procedural Due Process * Zero Reject * To include all students * Nondiscriminatory * To determine whether a student has a disability * The nature of special education and related services * Appropriate Education * To provide benefit and progress toward outcomes by following the IDEA process * Least restrictive environment * To ensure IEP outcomes by ensuring access to general education curriculum, extracurricular, and other activities * Parent and Student Participation Identify the impact of ESEA/NCLB on schools * Accountablility fro results * School safety * Parental choice * Teacher quality * Scientific based methods of teaching evidence based practices * Local flexibility * Standards-based education * Current * performance ...
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...applicable to all kinds of texts and reading situations.” Teachers have a responsibility to ensure that each student that enter their present have a strong foundation in reading. The bible identifies teacher’s roles in 2 Timothy 3:16, “All scripture is breathed out of God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness. Teachers have a responsibility to ensure they provide instructions that will promote growth for all students. Although students have various learning styles, teachers can successfully teach reading through differentiated instructions. Many teacher fail to integrate reading into their subject because they often feel like they do not have the tools need to successful implement the content area (Wilson, 2011). In this paper, I will address the how ideal reading programs for first grade students should include phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary and comprehension to ensure the success of each student in reading. Phonemic awareness Phonic awareness is an important part of a strong reading foundation for students in first grade. Students entering first will have prior knowledge of phonic awareness from kindergarten classes. It is important as the teacher to build on the prior phonic awareness knowledge and correct inaccurate information to assist the students in building a strong foundation. Students will gain several skills from phonics awareness such as manipulating sounds in spoken...
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...Students Name: Aria Age: 10 Grade: 5 School type: rural Examiner: Melissa Cordeiro Date of testing: 2/10/2012, 2/15/2012 Background: Aria is a white 10 year old girl in the fifth grade, at a rural elementary school in Dartmouth, MA. Her overall appearance is clean and well groomed. She wears glasses for correction of a strabismus (lazy eye). With glasses her vision appears to be normal. Aria is also diagnosed with asthma and requires the use of an inhaler to treat symptoms. Arias primary language is English and she is a very social child. Aria’s oral language skills are age appropriate for social situations. Aria is currently placed in and integrated classroom and works with a reading specialist three times a week for 30 minutes. In the past, Aria has academically performed average in ELA and Math, but performed below average in Science and History. Aria is very concerned with making mistakes and will not participate if she doesn’t know the correct answer. During Science and History assignments Aria struggles with decoding unfamiliar word and reading comprehension. Aria enjoys reading at her independent level but becomes frustrated when reading materials that are challenging. Aria currently knows her letters and sounds and she can answer simple comprehension questions during ELA activities. Aria also performs extremely well on spelling test. She has many friends at school and participates in several after school programs. Aria has also participated...
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...ESOL Level two student, but he is preparing to take the exam to possibly move up to level three. Arturo tells me that he and his family only speak Spanish at home. This is due to the fact that neither of his parents speak English. Also, according to him neither of his parents are even interested in learning English. But, he says that their lack of knowledge and interest does not deter them from attempting to help him with school related things. Arturo tells me that his parents will do whatever they can to help him succeed, especially his father when it comes to math. Arturo is eager and determined to learn English, regardless of his parents' lack of...
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...Students Name: Aria Age: 10 Grade: 5 School type: rural Examiner: Melissa Cordeiro Date of testing: 2/10/2012, 2/15/2012 Background: Aria is a white 10 year old girl in the fifth grade, at a rural elementary school in Dartmouth, MA. Her overall appearance is clean and well groomed. She wears glasses for correction of a strabismus (lazy eye). With glasses her vision appears to be normal. Aria is also diagnosed with asthma and requires the use of an inhaler to treat symptoms. Arias primary language is English and she is a very social child. Aria’s oral language skills are age appropriate for social situations. Aria is currently placed in and integrated classroom and works with a reading specialist three times a week for 30 minutes. In the past, Aria has academically performed average in ELA and Math, but performed below average in Science and History. Aria is very concerned with making mistakes and will not participate if she doesn’t know the correct answer. During Science and History assignments Aria struggles with decoding unfamiliar word and reading comprehension. Aria enjoys reading at her independent level but becomes frustrated when reading materials that are challenging. Aria currently knows her letters and sounds and she can answer simple comprehension questions during ELA activities. Aria also performs extremely well on spelling test. She has many friends at school and participates in several after school programs. Aria has also participated...
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...class. Analysis Statement: In a short one to two paragraph essay discuss why it is important for the distance formula to exist as well as identify careers that require the distance formula to exist. Synthesis Statement: Describe to me in one paragraph or more how you would and will use the distance formula. Give me an example of how it will be used and how you will try to implement it into future endeavors (i.e. trip times). Evaluation Statement: Identify how accurate using the distance formula is in relation to traveling by car or by any other type of transportation. How would you suggest it be tweaked so that it could be more accurate? Higher Order Thinking and Diverse Learners Reflection As teachers we need to do more than just stand in front of a classroom and dictate out of our books how add and subtract numbers or tell the difference between a noun and a verb; we need to insist on our students to look further into why 2+2=4. Higher order thinking is defined as a classification of thinking based on Bloom's Taxonomy of Thinking Skills. This type of thinking goes beyond simple recall of information. It is characterized by the use of information via comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation (21st Century Information Fluency, 2011). The unit plan that I have developed follows Bloom’s Taxonomy of Thinking Skills in that it causes my students to look further in to how and why we use the distance formula. The unit plan makes the students dig deep...
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...that is available at the Department Website) Social work practice is carried out through interactions between social workers and individuals, families, organizations and society. Social workers are inevitably shaped by their own experiences, beliefs, upbringing and culture, which might affect their interactions with these systems. This course encourages the students to start the reflective journey in visiting issues of self in relation to the perceived identity, intimacy, loss, family, and society. Through reflective exercises, discussions, and assigned readings, the students will develop a deeper understanding of their values, philosophy of life and behaviors, and how these in turn impact social work practice. The course adopts an active-learning and experiential approach. Assessment: 100% coursework. 5. Course Objectives: 1. To increase the reflexivity of the students 2. To enhance the development of self-understanding of the students in relation to their physical sensitivity, perspectives towards intimacy and loss, choices in life, and the value orientation towards broader social issues. 3. 4. To facilitate the students in examining the influences of their...
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...Effective Interventions for Vocabulary Acquisition in Children of Disadvantaged Backgrounds The Purpose Research suggests that students can be taught phonics skills that are needed to become proficient readers. The use of strategies such as guessing from context, predicting and re-reading may aid, to some extent, with reading comprehension. However, according to Becker (1977), a primary difficulty in developing comprehension in the early years in reading is an inadequate vocabulary. An insufficient vocabulary will have an adverse impact on reading comprehension. E.D.Hirsch states “It is now well accepted that the chief cause of the achievement gaps between socioeconomic groups is a language gap.” The purpose of this research is to determine how explicit instruction using interventions can help close the vocabulary deficits with children from disadvantaged backgrounds The Problem Children of lower socioeconomic backgrounds enter kindergarten with a less extensive vocabulary than those of higher socioeconomic environment. One study showed that three year old children from affluent families had larger vocabularies than children from impoverished families (Hart and Risley, et al 1995). Unfortunately, once the deficit in vocabulary is established, differences in vocabulary knowledge are hard to eliminate. This leads to continued gaps as students progresses through school. Another study revealed that children from affluent homes hear 382 words per hour and children from...
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