...Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) models for bones of the human body utilizing medical imaging data. The human hand was chosen as the subject of the research. Computed Tomography (CT) imaging was chosen to provide a volumetric data set. This data set was visualized through an isosurfacing technique utilizing the marching cubes algorithm. The original CT data set contained slices that were not aligned with the natural orientation or long axis of the bones. Transformation matrices and linear interpolations were used to generate a data set of slices oriented along the natural axis of the bones. Contours were created on these slices through an edge-tracking method. B-Spline curves were then constructed utilizing the contour’s vertices as knot points. A consistent starting location was found on each closed B-Spline curve relative to its centroid. Points on the closed B-Spline curves were then...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The growing awareness of the nutritive value of mushroom as well as the adoption of more mushroom dishes in restaurant menus has greatly increased the demand of fresh mushrooms. However, some places within the city lack access to this nutrition. In lieu to this, this business proposal has been made. Moreover the proposal aims to supply fresh, nutritious mushrooms to an area which was underprivileged from convenience. Specifically, Mintal, Davao City. This proposal is a family venture. Thus, a capital of 25 000 pesos will be borrowed from relatives. Located at an area beside Elenita Heights Subdivision, Catalunan Grande, this project is expected to provide convenience in access to mushroom in the Mintal area. Most inputs are available around the corner; nonetheless some inputs will be purchased from reliable sources. The project will be managed by the owner with the help of a trusted expert in mushroom culture and of course, with the active involvement of the family members. Additional laborers will be hired to help in the overall production. 1. Size of Production 300 square meters 2. Marketing Size 2-3 inches 3. Raising Period 5 months 4. Projected Selling Price 60.00php per kilogram 5. Projected Gross Revenue 54 000.00 php 6. Estimated Cost of Production 19 865.00 php 7. Projected Net Income 34 135.00 php 8. Projected Return of Investment 172% 9. Projected Benefit Cost Ratio 37% JUSTIFICATION Mushroom has...
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...Vitamin Report Shaneka Matthews SCI 241 7/22/2012 Denise Bolding, M.S. Vitamin Report Vitamins are in almost everything consumed everyday. Some foods and drinks may have more vitamins than the next. If a person wants to stay healthy then the best thing would be to choose things that have a high amount of vitamins. There are water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins and both have some positives and some negatives. Not getting enough of a certain vitamin can also cause harm to the body. The body needs 13 different vitamins to stay healthy. All of these 13 vitamins are classified. Vitamin classification is how vitamins are classified depending on their solubility. There are some that is soluble in fat and there are some that are soluble in water. Fat-soluble vitamins are the ones that are stored in the fat and water-soluble are the ones that are flushed put by the kidneys. With these vitamins, it can help a person maintain a healthy immune system; good vision, help build and maintain strong bones and are also good for the hair and skin. Fat-soluble vitamins are good for certain things and water-soluble are good for the others. Fat-soluble vitamins would be vitamin A, D, E and K. These vitamins would be stored in the liver cells and fat in the body. There are plenty of foods that are a good source for each of these vitamins. Carrots, sweet potato, collared greens and kales are a good source of vitamin A. Vitamin D can get to the body through sunlight along...
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... D . E . F A . B . C . Graph coloring K6 V1 blue e2 V2 red A D e8 e1 e3 e4 V6 Red, F e9 B V3 blue e7 e5 V5C ,blue e6 V4 , E,red Adjancency matrices K6 A B C D E F A 0 0 0 1 1 1 B 0 0 0 1 1 1 C 0 0 0 1 1 1 D 1 1 1 0 0 0 E 1 1 1 0 0 0 F 1 1 1 0 0 0 Incidence matrices e1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7 e8 e9 v1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 v2 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 v3 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 v4 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 v5 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 v6 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 A short-path algorithm (Using dijksta ‘s algorithm to find a shortest path from F to B) A 2 D 3 5 3 2 F A 5 B 4...
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...Hepatitis A 1. The infectious disease known as Hepatitis is caused by the infectious agent or pathogen identified as the Hepatitis A virus. There are currently seven known forms of Hepatitis, such as Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and so on. Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C are the most common with the highest rate of people contracted with the infectious disease. Viral Hepatitis is an international main contributor to liver disease and accounts for high illness and death. In the United States Hepatitis A, HAV for short has reached a massive decline of occurrences since vaccinations became available. The decrease in incidences has nearly hit ninety percent. Though, there are still over twenty five thousand people infected in the United States each year with Hepatitis A. 2. The infectious agent Hepatitis A is transmitted through food and water which is contaminated with human feces. There are people who are at greater risk than others in contracting Hepatitis A, such as those who may handle contaminated food. Hepatitis A can also spread in daycare centers. Children and especially babies still in diapers may get feces on their hands, handle toys or other objects that they may put in their mouths. The daycare staff also puts themselves and the children at higher risk if they are not diligent in washing their own hands after changing a diaper or helping a child use the restroom. There are international regions where Hepatitis A is prevalent, with that said those...
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...Your Liver and Hepatitis. The Liver Facts . One out of every 10 Americans is affected by liver disease. Liver disease is one of the top 10 causes of death in the United States. There are more than100 liver diseases. The good news is we can help prevent the liver diseases and keep it healthy. Overview of the liver. The liver is the second largest organ in the body and is located under the cage on the right side. It weighs about three pounds and is shaped like a football that is flat on one side. The liver performs many functions in the body. It processes what you eat and drink into energy and nutrients that your body can use. The liver also removes harmful substances from your blood. Functions of the liver include: • Filters your blood • Makes proteins, including blood-clotting factors (needed to help you heal) • Stores vitamins, sugars, fats, and other nutrients • Helps regulate hormones • Releases chemicals and nutrients into the body when needed • Makes bile needed for digesting fats Liver damage can lead to swollen, shrunken, hard, or scarred liver tissue. Such livers do not work well, and the person can get very sick, or even die, if the liver stops working altogether. Symptoms of liver disease Acute (When symptoms occur suddenly it is categorized as acute process) Tiredness or weakness Jaundice (yellowing of the eyes and skin) Fever Nausea and vomiting Dark urine or very pale colored...
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...he is so disgusted with the criminals who are dealing the weapons, he ends up shooting both and burns down the entire crimescene. Clever move i would say. The kids on the block are tough kind. Murdering and beating on random people is an everyday-thing for these people. Harry takes the role of a ”revenger of god”, as his mission of revenging Len, becomes more a mission of taking down every single criminal youngster on the block. Riots, shootings and other uncomfortable happenings are seen through out ”Harry Brown”, but it gives an interesting view of the British slum, and i think that both Michael Caine in the role of Harry Brown and Plan B (Ben Drew) in the role of the young Noel Winters are doing a really good job in this movie. Plan B is also one of my favourite rappers, so that the ending credits are accompanied by a Plan B song is not too rubbish...
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...AIDS and Needles Becton Dickinson, one of the largest manufacturers of medical supplies, dominates the US market in disposable syringes and needles. In 2005, a nurse, Maryann Rockwood (a fictional name), used a Becton Dickinson 5cc syringe and needle to draw blood from a patient known to be infected with HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus). Ms. Rockwood worked in a clinic that served AIDS patients, and she drew blood from these patients several times a day. After drawing the blood on this particular day, she transferred the HIV-contaminated blood to a sterile test tube by sticking the needle through the rubber stopper of the test tube, which she was holding with her other hand. She accidentally pricked her finger with the contaminated needle. She is now HIV positive. A few years earlier, in 2000, Becton Dickinson had acquired exclusive rights to a patent for a new syringe that had a moveable protective sleeve around it. The plastic tube around the syringe could slide down to safely cover the needle. The Becton Dickinson 5cc syringe used by Maryann Rockwood in 2005, however, did not yet have such a protective guard built into it. The AIDS epidemic has posed peculiarly acute dilemmas for health workers, including doctors and nurses. Doctors performing surgery on AIDS patients can easily prick their fingers with a scalpel, needle, sharp instrument, or even bone fragment and can become infected with the virus. The greatest risk is to nurses, who, after routinely removing an intravenous...
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...the effects of the therapy. Hemophilia dates back to ancient times. The Talmud and Arab physicians had stories about males dying from minor cuts. Hemophilia was finally recognized as a hereditary disorder in 1803 by Dr. John Conrad Otto. He saw a trend in families that female were carriers of the disorder and that mostly males were affected. Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that makes it much harder and longer for your blood to clot when you are injured. In severe cases continuous bleeding could occur after minor cuts. There are two types of hemophilia, hemophilia A and hemophilia B. Mutations in the F8 and F9 gene that causes a reduction in the coagulation factors VIII and XI. These coagulation factors are essential in the blood clotting process, also known as coagulation cascade. Mostly men inherit hemophilia. Hemophilia A is the most common with around 1 in 5,000 men are born with it. Hemophilia B has a lesser chance of around 1 in...
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...How Did the Treblinka Inmates Escape? 2 August 1943 Treblinka was a Nazi extermination camp that was part of Operation Reinhard –the code name given to the Nazi plan to murder Polish Jews. Treblinka was located 90 kilometres northeast of the city Warsaw and operated from July 1942 to October 1943. It was divided into Camp 1 and Camp 2. In the first camp, the victims were sent to the gas chambers and in the second camp their bodies were burned. Many of the victims, mainly Jews, came from the Warsaw Ghettos, and did not know where or for what reason they were travelling. Soon they found out the horrors they were about to face. As people arrived, men, women and children were separated. They were screamed at, whipped, stripped of their clothing and belongings, their hair was cut, before being sent to gas chambers that could kill several thousand a day. Those who were sick, old and newborns that would not stop crying, were taken away to be shot. Some men were taken as workers, called “Sonderkommandos”. These people had many jobs around Treblinka ranging from having to move the dead bodies and to checking for gold teeth, shaving the heads of those who were to die, rooting through the belongings for valuables, and cleaning the gas chambers. Their day-to-day jobs pushed them toward suicide, which was not uncommon. Life was unbearable and soon the inmates to realised that their only chance of leaving the camp alive was if they escaped. Zelo Bloch. Dr. Julian Chorazycki, Zev Kurlan...
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...Windshield Survey Summary and Reflection There are many definition that define the community. The World Health Organization (WHO) refers to the community as “ a group of people, often living in a defined geographical area, who may share a common culture, values and norms, and are arranged in a social structure according to relationships which the community has developed over a period of time” (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012, p.397). The healthy level of the community is called public health, and the responsibilities of public health include assessment, policy development, and assurance (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012). Goals for public health are to promoting healthy status of the community as well as maintaining the community in a balanced healthy environment. The nurses who are employed by either private agencies or government departments to promote community health are the public health nurse. The public health nurse is to serve the community as the client by using the population-centered practice to seek beneficial health changes for the whole community (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012). While working in a community-oriented nursing practice, it is important to work with the community partnerships like professional groups or non-medical groups to help promoting community health. The community that the student conducted the windshield survey is in the city of San Gabriel, Southern California. The City of San Gabriel is home to a population of more than 42,000 with a diverse...
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...Public Health Hepatitis B Jorge Cruz Jr Grand Canyon University According to the Hepatitis B Foundation, the virus has infected about 2 billion people worldwide, which is about 1 person out of every three (Our Accomplishments, 2014). Hepatitis B virus or the HBV is a virus that can cause a lifetime of damage to the liver. “Hepatitis” on its own refers to the inflammation of the live, although there are many causes of inflammation of liver the family of the hepatitis viruses are the most common with Hep A, B, and C being most prominent of the family. Although the family of the hepatitis’ viruses are similar in structure, they differ in transmission and infection. For instances, Hepatitis A is transmitted fecal to oral, whereas Hepatitis B and C are transmitted through exchange of bodily fluids (Hepaitits B, 2008). Hepatitis B can be spread when infected blood, semen, or any other bodily fluid comes in contact with a non-infected person’s bloodstream. The CDC, provides possible situation when this occurs, for example, during birth (mother is infected could pass down to infant), during sex, or when sharing items that come in contact with a infected person’s blood like toothbrush, needles, or razors. Since it is spread through bodily fluid people at risk for infection are those who come close contact with other people’s bodily fluid frequently this includes but not limited to healthcare workers, men who have sex with men, infants of infected mothers, people with multiple sex...
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...muscles and liver for eventual use as an energy source. Niacin can be found in dairy products, eggs, enriched breads and cereals, fish, lean meats, nuts, and poultry. It is a colorless, water-soluble solid is a derivative of pyridine, with a carboxyl group (COOH) at the 3-position. Severe deficiency of niacin in the diet causes the disease pellagra, which is characterized by diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia, as well as “necklace” lesions on the lower neck, hyperpigmentation, thickening of the skin, inflammation of the mouth and tongue, digestive disturbances, amnesia, delirium, and eventually death, if left untreated. Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, has the same functions as other B vitamins such as helping the body convert carbohydrates (food) into glucose (fuel/energy). It falls in the B complex vitamin group, which help the body metabolize fat and protein and is necessary for healthy skin, hair, eyes, and liver. In addition to producing energy for the body, riboflavin also works as an antioxidant by fighting damaging particles in the body known as free radicals. Free radicals can damage cells and DNA, and may contribute to the aging process, as well as the development of a number of health conditions, such as heart disease and cancer. Antioxidants such as riboflavin can fight free radicals and may reduce or help prevent some of the damage they cause. The best sources of riboflavin include brewer's yeast, almonds, organ meats, whole grains, wheat germ, wild...
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...white bread. Nutrients commonly found in larger quantities of wheat include B vitamins such as riboflavin and thiamine. One hundred grams of bread can contain approximately 15 percent of calcium and 30 percent of thiamine toward a human's nutritional needs in their diet. A person should eat bread daily — along with other grains — as part of a balanced diet. NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES OF BREAD Bread supplies a significant portion of the nutrients required for growth, maintenance of health and well-being. It is an excellent source of proteins, vitamins, minerals, fibre and complex carbohydrates. It is also low in fat and cholesterol. Bread is quite bulky so it takes longer to digest and is therefore more satisfying and less fattening than the fats, sugars and alcohols commonly consumed in excess. All breads are nutritious, and the differences between them in nutritional value are not significant if we eat a balanced diet. Chemical Composition of Wheat The composition of the dry matter of wheat varies widely depending on soil, climate and genetic variations between wheat types. Wheat in New Zealand has a protein content that ranges on average from 8% to 13%. It has a high carbohydrate content of about 83% of the weight of a kernel. Other components of the wheat grain include bran and germ. Bran, the outer coating or "shell", is rich in B vitamins and minerals. The wheat germ or embryo is a rich source of B vitamins, oil, vitamin E and fat. It needs to be discarded during milling...
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...Hepatitis B: An Epidemic The World Health Organization defines epidemiology as “the study of the distribution and determinants of health- related states or events, and the application of the study to the control of diseases and other health problems” (CDC, 2014). Determinates of health are “the circumstances in which people are born, live, work and age as well as the systems put in place to deal with illness”. The communicable disease chain is a model beneficial to integrating the many concepts of communicable diseases (Maurer & Smith, 2009). A nurse has a significant role in preventing and controlling infectious disease. A vital factor in preparing for clinical nursing practice is having an understanding of the infection process and techniques on how to prevent it. This paper focuses on a prevalent communicable disease, Hepatitis B. This writer will give a description of the disease, the demographic affected by the disease, what determinates contribute to the development of Hepatitis B, she will discuss the epidemiology triangle of the disease, explain the role of the community health nurse in this community, and explain various agencies and resources patients diagnosed with this disease can access. Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus. Two types exist: the acute illness and the chronic illness. In the acute illness, the immune system is able to rid the body of the virus and a complete recovery may occur in a few months. Chronic hepatitis...
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