...............................................................4 1.4 Psychodynamic Approach ...................................................................................4 1.5 Behaviourist Approach ........................................................................................5 1.6 Cognitive Approach .............................................................................................6 1.6.1 Cognitive Models of Consumer Behaviour ..................................................9 1.6.1.1 Analytic Cognitive Models ..................................................................10 1.6.1.2. Prescriptive Cognitive Models............................................................20 1.7 Humanistic Approach ........................................................................................25 1.7.1 Humanistic Models of Consumer Behaviour..............................................25 1.9 Summary ............................................................................................................28 References................................................................................................................29 Figure 1.1: Stimulus-Organism-Response Model of Decision Making........................7 Figure 1.2: Cognitive Consumer Behaviour Models ..................................................10 Figure 1.3: Major components of the Theory of Buyer Behavior ..............................11 Figure 1.4: The...
Words: 10006 - Pages: 41
.........................................................4 1.4 Psychodynamic Approach ...................................................................................4 1.5 Behaviourist Approach ........................................................................................5 1.6 Cognitive Approach .............................................................................................6 1.6.1 Cognitive Models of Consumer Behaviour ..................................................9 1.6.1.1 Analytic Cognitive Models ..................................................................10 1.6.1.2. Prescriptive Cognitive Models............................................................20 1.7 Humanistic Approach ........................................................................................25 1.7.1 Humanistic Models of Consumer Behaviour..............................................25 1.9 Summary ............................................................................................................28 References................................................................................................................29 Figure 1.1: Stimulus-Organism-Response Model of Decision Making........................7 Figure 1.2: Cognitive Consumer Behaviour Models ..................................................10 Figure 1.3: Major components of the Theory of Buyer Behavior ..............................11...
Words: 10006 - Pages: 41
................................................................4 1.4 Psychodynamic Approach ...................................................................................4 1.5 Behaviourist Approach ........................................................................................5 1.6 Cognitive Approach .............................................................................................6 1.6.1 Cognitive Models of Consumer Behaviour ..................................................9 1.6.1.1 Analytic Cognitive Models ..................................................................10 1.6.1.2. Prescriptive Cognitive Models............................................................20 1.7 Humanistic Approach ........................................................................................25 1.7.1 Humanistic Models of Consumer Behaviour..............................................25 1.9 Summary ............................................................................................................28 References................................................................................................................29 Figure 1.1: Stimulus-Organism-Response Model of Decision Making........................7 Figure 1.2: Cognitive Consumer Behaviour Models ..................................................10 Figure 1.3: Major components of the Theory of Buyer Behavior ..............................11 Figure 1.4: The Theory of...
Words: 10006 - Pages: 41
...An analysis of research and literature on CREATIVITY IN EDUCATION Report prepared for the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority by Anna Craft March 2001 2 Contents Page Numbers 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Aims and purposes 1.2 Approach taken and areas covered 4 2.0 A summary of the research and literature on creativity 2.1 Historical overview 2.2 The early part of the twentieth century 2.3 More recent directions in creativity research 2.4 Lines of study stemming from the 1950s 2.4.1 Personality 2.4.2 Cognition 2.4.3 Ways to stimulate creativity 2.4.4 Creativity and social systems 2.5 Background to creativity in education 2.6 Broader claims for creativity in the curriculum 5-12 3.0 What do we mean by creativity? 3.1 Definitions or descriptions of creativity 3.2 High creativity 3.3 Ordinary, or ‘democratic’ creativity 13-15 4.0 The development of creativity in education 4.1 Research into the development of creativity in education 4.1.1 Comprehensive approaches 4.1.2 Educational approaches 4.1.3 Psychodynamic approaches 4.1.4 Humanistic approaches 4.1.5 Behaviourist approaches 4.2 Teaching approaches to developing creativity 4.2.1 ‘Creative cycle’ approaches 4.2.2 Single-strategy approaches 4.2.3 Multi-strategy approaches 4.2.4 System approaches 4.2.5 Overall pedagogic criteria approaches 16-22 3 5.0 Assessment and creativity 5.1 Recording and assessing creativity 23-24 6.0 Conclusions and key findings 6.1 High and democratic creativity ...
Words: 11902 - Pages: 48
...Deviation from social norms * Failure to function adequately * Deviation from ideal mental health Deviation from social norms Under this definition, a person’s thinking or behaviour is classified as abnormal if it violates the (unwritten) rules about what is expected or acceptable behaviour in a particular social group. Their behaviour may: * Be incomprehensible to others * Make others feel threatened or uncomfortable With this definition, it is necessary to consider: * The degree to which a norm is violated, the importance of that norm and the value attached by the social group to different sorts of violation. * E.g. is the violation rude, eccentric, abnormal or criminal? Abnormality is defined in terms of behavior which goes against societies accepted standards Different societies have different standards Standards change over time Strengths Should be easy to pick out the deviant Allows for adaptation: As social norms change, so will our ideas about what is normal / abnormal Weaknesses What is deviant in one social group is accepted / expected in another: Across societies and cultures / across generations and sub-cultures Psychiatric wards used to hold women locked away for ‘mental insanity’ ie having babies outside of marriage Failure to...
Words: 9006 - Pages: 37
...PROBLEM DEFINITION ............................................................................................... 4 CARDINAL QUESTION ................................................................................................ 4 SUB-QUESTIONS ......................................................................................................... 4 METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION TO THE TERM HOMOSEXUALITY .................................... 6 THEORETICAL BACKGROUNDS FOR UNDERSTANDING HOMOSEXUALITY................................................................................................... 9 HOMOSEXUALITY FROM A BEHAVIOURISTIC POINT OF VIEW ................................ 10 HOMOSEXUALITY FROM A BIOLOGICAL POINT OF VIEW ....................................... 16 HOMOSEXUALITY FROM A PSYCHODYNAMIC POINT OF VIEW............................... 23 TREATMENT TODAY............................................................................................ 29 RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS................................................................................... 30 SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZATIONS .................................................................................. 34 THERAPY METHODS...
Words: 16665 - Pages: 67
...Health & Clinical Psychology Healthy Living Stress Dysfunctional Behaviour Disorders [pic] [pic] [pic] Contents • Objectives for the Health and Clinical Psychology module 6 • What is Health Psychology? Careers in Health Psychology 7 • Unit G543: Health and Clinical Psychology 8 • Exemplar exam paper 9 PART A – INFORMATION TO HELP EVALUATE STUDIES • Evaluation sheet for the theories/studies of Health Psychology 10 • Guide for answering part A & part B exam questions 11 PART B – HEALTHY LIVING • Introduction to Healthy Living 14 • Theories of Health Belief 17 • Compliance with a Medical Regime for Asthma (Becker 1978) 18 • Internal versus External Locus of Control (Rotter 1966) 21 • Analysis of Self-Efficacy Theory of Behavioural Change (Bandura and Adams 1977) 23 • Summary of the health belief theories 26 • Comprehension questions for theories of health belief 27 • Part A exam question 28 • Part B exam question 29 • Evaluation sheet of health belief theories/studies 30 Introduction to Health Promotion 31 • Theories of Health Promotion • Chip pan fire prevention (Cowpe 1983) 32 • Legislation-Bicycle helmet laws and educational campaigns (Dannenberg et al. 1993) 34 • Effects of Fear arousal (Janis & Feshbeck 1953) 37 • Summary of the health...
Words: 32290 - Pages: 130
...39 Appendix 3. Locus of Control Scoring 40 Appendix 4. Picture-Frustration Test Scoring 41 1. Abstract The present study contributes to the understanding of the causalities of conflicting behaviour in adult males and females. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between tendency to be involved in social conflicts (conflict potential) and locus of control beliefs (two types: intermal/external) as well as two types of typology (introversion/extraversion). Based on the previous studies (Holloran, Doumas, 1999; Benjamin, 1999; Williams and Vantress, 1969) it is hypothesised that that 1) there will be a significant difference between locus of control, extraversion and conflict potential; 2) introverts will score higher on group adaptation scale than extraverts; 3) externals will score lower on group adaptation scale than internals. Two more hypotheses derived from the earlier findings (Bookwala, Sabine and Zdaniuk, 2005; Harris and Bohnhoff, 1996): 4) the results will differ between age and gender groups; 5) with the increase of age the conflict potential will decrease. The findings of the study suggest that locus of control (β=-1.146, p<0.01) and typology (β=.816, p<0.01) are strong predictors of conflict potential. Despite the fact that results differed between age and gender groups, no significant age (β =1.09, p>0.01) or gender (β =-4.523, p>0.01) effects on conflict potential were found. It was found that extraverts and those with external...
Words: 10452 - Pages: 42
...indicates a state’s consent to be bound by the treaty The African union protocol is an African law made by Africans for Africans and it does among other things call for: * An end to all forms of violence against women in all its forms and in all situations * It promotes the use of corrective measures (Affirmative action) for women’s equal participation and representation. In elected and appointive offices * It clearly provides for the reproductive health rights of women and girls * It provides for remedies for any woman whose rights and freedoms are violated and denied * It also entitles her to seek and obtain redress through accessible government and non governmental agencies mechanisms and services Defending women’s human rights is often seen by state authorities, and even by communities, as a challenge to culture, tradition and a way of life. Through their work, many directly or indirectly challenge social stereotypes regarding the proper role and status of women. As a result, women activists not only face repression by governments, but also by their families and other community members. Ongoing armed conflicts on the continent place women at even further risk of violence. Courageous women civil society activists carry out their work amidst attacks on their reputations, threats to their families and their own personal safety, as well as detention and severe gender-specific abuse and punishment. Despite barriers, work on gender equality and women rights has...
Words: 7060 - Pages: 29
...PYC4802/101/0/2015 Tutorial letter 101/0/2015 Psychopathology PYC4802 Year module Department of Psychology IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This tutorial letter contains important information about your module. CONTENTS Page 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Turorial material ....................................................................................................... 4 2. PURPOSE OF AND OUTCOMES FOR THE MODULE ......................................... 4 2.1 Purpose ................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Outcomes ................................................................................................................ 4 3. LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS ............................................................ 6 3.1 Lecturer(s) ............................................................................................................... 6 3.2 Department .............................................................................................................. 7 3.3 University ................................................................................................................. 7 4. MODULE-RELATED RESOURCES ....................................................................... 7 4.1 Prescribed book.....
Words: 20674 - Pages: 83
...Sarvaloganayagan Lecturer – W.M.S. Rambadagalla Unit code – F/601/1027 Batch No – 13 Edexcel No – GI 18931 American College of Higher Education, Kandy Prepared by – Dashny Sarvaloganayagan Lecturer – W.M.S. Rambadagalla Unit code – F/601/1027 Batch No – 13 Edexcel No – GI 18931 American College of Higher Education, Kandy Contents Plagiarism Acknowledgement Introduction 1.1 Major theoretical approaches 1.2 Assess the contribution of a scientific approach to investigating workplace behaviour 1.3 Assess strength & limitations of qualitative & quantitative approaches to understand the workplace behaviour 2.1 Describe the type of individual differences which have been the subject of assessment 2.2 Assess the usefulness of psychometric instruments with particular references to reliability and validity 2.3 Make justified communications for the use of two types of measures of individual differences in making business decisions 3.1 Use the theory to explain human reactions to change 3.2 Make justified recommendations for implementing change in selected organization 3.3 Make justified communications for achieving attitude change amongst a group of stakeholders in a selected organization 4.1 Explain how culture influences performance in a selected organization 4.2 Evaluate the climate for a selected work group 4.3 Make justified recommendations for improving performance for a selected work group Conclusion References Plagiarism Clause ...
Words: 13240 - Pages: 53
...functions and behaviors. Psychology has the immediate goal of understanding individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases, and by many accounts it ultimately aims to benefit society. In this field, a professional practitioner or researcher is called a psychologist, and can be classified as a social, behavioral, or cognitive scientist. Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior, while also exploring the physiological and neurobiological processes that underlie certain cognitive functions and behaviors. Structuralism was the first school of psychology and focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. Researchers tried to understand the basic elements of consciousness using a method known as introspection. Wilhelm Wundt, founder of the first psychology lab, was an advocate of this position and is often considered the founder of structuralism, despite the fact that it was his student, Edward B. Titchener who first coined the term to describe this school of thought. Functionalism formed as a reaction to the structuralism and was heavily influenced by the work of William James and the evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin. Functionalists sought to explain the mental processes in a more systematic and accurate manner. Rather than focusing on the elements of consciousness, functionalists focused on the purpose of consciousness and behavior. Functionalism...
Words: 20821 - Pages: 84
...reference textbooks and the material presented in class will serve as the primary sources for the material to be covered. INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGY Psychology is the scientific study of behaviour and mental processes. It is an academic and applied discipline involving the scientific study of mental processes and behaviour. Psychology also refers to the application of such knowledge to various spheres of human activity, including problems of individuals' daily lives and the treatment of mental illness. It is largely concerned with humans, although the behaviour and mental processes of animals can also be part of psychology research, either as a subject in its own right (e.g. animal cognition and ethnology), or somewhat more controversially, as a way of gaining an insight into human psychology by means of comparison (including comparative psychology). Origins of the psychology Near the end of 19th century things started drawing together. Questions raised by philosophers were being examined by physiologists, and vice versa. a. What is the relationship between the mind and the body? b. Why do people loose their minds? What is insanity? c. How do we perceive things? Why are their perceptions of the same stimulus different? d. What affect do our experiences have on us? How important are environmental influences versus characteristics and predispositions we are born with?...
Words: 84844 - Pages: 340
