..._______________________________________________ By: Edradan, Jefferson Galos, Jancirfil Jimena, Rimar Villarojo, Kerr Yaun, Mary Allyssa March 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page i Approval Sheet ii Acknowledgement iii Abstract iv Table of Contents vi CHAPTER I: THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Introduction Review and Related literature Statement of the Problem Significance of the Study Scope of Limitations Definition of Terms CHAPTER II: METHODOLOGY Research Design Materials General Procedure Observation Collection of Data Tabulation Evaluation Conclusion Flow Chart of Methodology CHAPTER III: RESULTS AND ANALYSIS CHAPTER IV: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION Summary Findings Conclusion Recommendation References APPENDICES CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Introduction We all know that the world is now facing an energy crisis and everyone is trying to do something about that. Now you can show everyone that electrical energy or electricity can be made from air and vinegar. After all, vinegar are freely available everywhere. Battery is a device that converts chemical energy directly to electrical energy. It consists of a number of voltaic cells; each voltaic cell consists of two half-cellsconnected in series by a conductive electrolyte containing anions and cations. One half-cell includes electrolyte and...
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...ACCOUNTING IN CONTEXT POTTER I LIBBY I LIBBY I SHORT ACCOUNTING IN CONTEXT BRADLEY N. POTTER University of Melbourne ROBERT LIBBY Cornell University PATRICIA A. LIBBY Ithaca college DANIEL G. SHORT Texas Christian University Boston Burr Ridge, IL Dubuque, IA Madison, WI New York San Francisco St. Louis Bangkok Bogotá Caracas Kuala Lumpur Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi Santiago Seoul Singapore Sydney Taipei Toronto Copyright © 2009 McGraw Hill Australia Pty Limited Additional owners of copyright are acknowledged in page credits. Every effort has been made to trace and acknowledge copyrighted material. The authors and publishers tender their apologies should any infringement have occurred. Reproduction and communication for educational purposes The Australian Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) allows a maximum of one chapter or 10% of the pages of this work, whichever is the greater, to be reproduced and/or communicated by any educational institution for its educational purposes provided that the institution (or the body that administers it) has sent a Statutory Educational notice to Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) and been granted a licence. For details of statutory educational and other copyright licences contact: Copyright Agency Limited, Level 15, 233 Castlereagh Street, Sydney NSW 2000. Telephone: (02) 9394 7600. Website: www.copyright.com.au Reproduction and communication for other purposes Apart from any fair dealing for the...
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...Executive Summary 1 Stand: Moderate - There was a clear structure: problem, purpose of the report, brief details of approach, important results and findings before ending of with a conclusion. Identifying these points is important as they form up the basics of what is expected from a reader. It was of an appropriate length for easy reading and comprehension. On the other hand, the executive summary was a little too descriptive on how the ‘Easy Tap’ works. It is true that more description is not bad, as it will explain more about the purpose and providing solutions to the problem. However, a strong summary of the description is preferred as it could well capture the essence of what the author is trying to explain, before further description and explanation is done in the business plan. Executive Summary 2 Stand: Bad - The overall paragraph appears to be more like an advert rather than an executive summary. The words used were informal and there was subjective description. There was no solution and proper findings to prove what this whole executive summary was talking about. For example, if it is trying to promote ‘The Sleepsuit’, the name should already be mentioned earlier in the paragraph, instead of the last sentence which caught us off-guard. This executive summary fails to impress future investors or readers that the business plan is suitable or appropriate. Executive Summary 3 Stand: Good - The first read gave us a good understanding of what the executive summary...
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...Executive Summary This document is prepared for the purpose of scope management and financial data analysis for investment decision making. URP consultant is hired by New Jersey department to do projects analysis. The project chosen is Project IHTRHU. Collection of data, detailed analysis, findings and conclusion method has been conducted in providing comprehensive report. However, some data is limited and assumptions are made for sensivity analysis purpose. There are three significant findings based on the scope management plan and financial analysis conducted. On the scope management plan, it has been found that the tracking and monitoring of performance report was lacking as expert advice was not consulted and project scope was not well defined. Findings revealed that among the three projects, Project IHTRHU is the best project due to highest positive NPV rates based on the financial analysis. The discussion analysis comprises IRR, discounted rate, hurdles rate, cash flow, inflation and interest rate for the sole purpose of investment returns. As observed the scope management plan is overall good. Recommendation for improvement on report and tracking performance can be enhanced in avoiding delay and mitigate risk. Also, various financial methods has been used to determine quick cash flow returns. Calculation on NPV is the best recommendation provided based on the exclusive mutually project factor as well as financial analysis views concluded from scholars. ...
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...discussion. However, most of the team members from Genesis Energy were very perplexed. Sensible Essentials decided the most expedient way to demonstrate how interest rates as well as time impact the value of money was to use examples. You have been asked to prepare a report analyzing your findings of the three example calculations listed below. In this assignment, you will do the following: 1. Calculate the future value of $100,000 ten years from now based on the following annual interest rates: 1. 2% 2. 5% 3. 8% 4. 10% 1. Calculate the present value of a stream of cash flows based on a discount rate of 8%. Annual cash flow is as follows: 1. Year 1 = $100,000 2. Year 2 = $150,000 3. Year 3 = $200,000 4. Year 4 = $200,000 5. Year 5 = $150,000 6. Years 6-10 = $100,000 1. Calculate the present value of the cash flow stream in problem 2 with the following interest rates: 1. Year 1 = 8% 2. Year 2 = 6% 3. Year 3 = 10% 4. Year 4 = 4% 5. Year 5 = 6% 6. Years 6-10 = 4 Perform your calculations in an Excel spreadsheet. Copy the calculations in a Word document. In addition, write a 2- to 3-page executive summary in Word format. Your summary should reflect a proper analysis of your findings, including a comparison and contrast of data. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Download 100% accurate A++ and most economical answer from here http://www.homeworkmarket.com/content/assignment-2-time-value-money-1...
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...CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND SUMMARY 5.1 Introduction This chapter consists of conclusions, recommendation and summary of the chapter. 5.1 Conclusion In this project work, the researcher has attempted to establish the factors that influence dividend payout for firms listed on the London Stock Exchange and 32 firms were randomly selected covering a period of nine years (2004 – 2009). In other to reach a better understanding of the study, relevant literature reviews and some empirical research studies on dividend policy were critically examined. Six explanatory variables were chosen to be the predictor of dividend payout, which are liquidity, leverage, profitability, firm size, growth opportunities and cash flow. However, this study has confirmed that profitability and liquidity are important determinants of dividend policy in a UK firm. 5.2 Recommendation Based on the findings from the analysis, the following recommendations are made for firms: (i) Profitability in the firm must always be maintained. This is because a profitable business implies that cash would be available to distribute to the shareholders. The level of profitability must always be in focus for the firm; if it is to attain any considerable improvement in its dividend policy. (ii) The firm’s liquidity must be sustained over time. This implies that the firm’s policy must strive to maintain a relatively high ratio of current assets to current liability. This ensures a sustainable higher...
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...Significance of the Study (Paragraph / Bulleted for each benefactor) 1.4. Scopes and Limitations of the Study (Bulleted) (What, When, Where, Who, How) Chapter 2 – Analysis of Related and Existing System (w/ introductory paragraph) 2.1. Review of Related System (Minimum of 10 Systems) (APA format) 2.1.1. Related Local System (Content) 2.1.2. Related Foreign System (Content) 2.1.3. Synthesis of Related System (Summary and Features that you want to adopt) 2.2. Review of Existing System 2.2.1. Procedure of Manual Process 2.2.2. Data Flow Diagram (Context and Diagram 0) 2.3. Operational Definition of Terms (alphabetical) Chapter 3 – METHODOLOGY (w/ introductory paragraph) 3.1. Conceptual Framework (Input – Theories / Process – Models / Output - System) 3.2. Project Planning and Management 3.2.1. Gantt Chart (Duration should start from initial development to final deliberation, must depend on the model) 3.2.2. Work breakdown structure per proponent 3.3. Project Design 3.3.1. Proposed Data Flow Diagram Data Dictionary (Context and Diagram 0) 3.3.2. Data Dictionary (reference Shelly Cashman books) 3.3.3. UML Diagrams (any applicable) (Use Case / Class Diagram / State Transition / Activity Diagram / Sequence Diagram) 3.3.4. Entity-Relationship Diagram 3.4. Project Development SDLC Model (Kendall) /...
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...UNIT TITLE Unit Number David Grainger 0618244 HND Events 22/09/2014 Summary [Summary (optional): if your report is 2000 words or more a summary section is advisable. The summary should provide a brief synopsis of the content of the report, focusing on the main conclusions and/or recommendations.] Acknowledgments [Acknowledgments (optional): In a business report these should be kept to a minimum. It should include information regarding assistance provided by any organization or individual.] Table of Contents [Table of Contents (mandatory): you should draft this before you start writing the report, to give you a framework, but revisit it afterwards to make sure it still reflects the content and the sequence you actually followed, and to add page numbers. Most reports will need the sections identified in this template, with a further breakdown of the major ones if they extend to more than a couple of pages each. At this stage an appropriate numbering system should be considered.] Introduction I am writing a report based on a high society race night event that will be held in a meeting with my fellow college colleagues, I will be the community liaison officer during this event and meeting. I will be investigating the opportunities to work with community partners or local tourists information services. This report is written to share information about our event and also to share information about how I am going to overcome and progress in this...
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...Executive Summary Some manufacturers may have a hard time in dealing with international supplier, especially when the product is shipped from the very long distance country. The delay of shipment may not be a new issue and not regularly happened; however, this problem has been brought up to the writer’s attention since it can create a substantially significant loss to the firm. In this report, we will cover the case of the logistic problem from the Bunge Company. The case was about the raw material shortage, regarding to the supplier’s shipment delay. The company imports the raw material, soybean, from Brazil to China. The interesting issue about this case is the decision-making process with the long transportation period and the relatively large volume of shipment. The information is gathered based on the interview with one of the company’s deputy managers. Generally the factors involved in the delay of shipment are various and cannot be clearly identifiable. However, after making some assumption about the potential problem, we came to conclusion that the most significant cause of problem is the lack of communication between the manufacturer and the supplier. Our suggestion to this problem is therefore divided into two stages. At the beginning, we suggest the manufacturer to attempt to improve coordination. Then, if the problem still exists, the company may consider two following approach; (1) Changing order plan or (2) Finding a secondary domestic supplier. The further detail...
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...Research Report To: AMK Line manager From: Emmanuel Umana (Marketing Consultant) Date: 17/12/13 Ref: STU/AMK/Unit3 1.0 Terms of reference I work for a professional organization for marketers. One of the activities that the organization undertakes is to evaluate the marketing activites of different companies and produce a list of ‘A’ – classed marketers. 2. 0 Findings This is the largest section and contains most of your information. In it, you will present your research findings to the reader. You need to organise the information into smaller subsections, and give these sections a heading. Make sure the information flows logically from one section to the next. 3. Conclusion You must not introduce any new information here. You should pull together the main points of the report in a brief summary, and emphasise the most significant points. You should link your conclusion back to the purpose of the report which you stated in your introduction. 4. Recommendations This is where you have a chance to suggest how things could be improved or progressed. Your recommendations must flow logically from your conclusions, so that the reader can see the basis for your suggestions. Recommendations can be listed and numbered. Make sure your recommendations are realistic! 5. References/Bibliography A reference list tells the reader all the sources you have referred to in your report. A bibliography tells the reader all the sources you have consulted, but not necessarily...
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...Abstract—This paper addresses the topic of methods for producing inter procedural static data flow graphs. The method used in this paper is a sort of progressive mining approach: A start location for the data flow edges is outlined, and through multiple iterations, the forward data flow step operation is taken on the universe, until no new paths have been found. I. INTRODUCTION New tools often provide novel approaches to longstanding problems. In the next update of C-Atlas, Ensoft intends to update the capabilities of C-Atlas. These improvements are intended to provide a customizable approach to evaluating a program’s design, structure, and security. Such an update seeks to address any number of problems. Analyzing a C program’s memory management is one such problem. This project would seek to use C-Atlas to better analyze C memory management. In memory leak (memory management) analysis, the user must show that for every path forward from an variable’s allocation, there exists at least one deallocation site for that variable. This task is trivial, unless the variable’s allocation and deallocation(s) are separated by a vast field of possible control flow. C-Atlas offers a flexible interface for data flow graph generation as a solution to this problem. Through this interface, one may then produce connected data flow graphs, allowing a single variable’s path to be traced through multiple functions. This visual aide can greatly increase the time efficiency of performing memory...
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...How To: Outlining a Research Paper Note for students: This document was prepared by Dr Amy Stuart for a class in which she requires a research paper related to air quality. I am providing it here to offer you some guidance on preparing a good outline. It is possible that some of the details will not apply to your paper – for instance, your overall organizational structure might not include a “results”section as Dr Stuart suggests for her students. The point here is to understand the overall ideas and methods suggested by Dr Stuart, not the specific sections of the paper. Outlining is an important step in organizing a paper. When done well, it clearly shows the relationships between ideas in your paper and provides a plan for writing. It also helps you to think about your topic and to reach the level of synthesis and evaluation in learning. Further, it can help you to determine whether you have researched the topic thoroughly. Finally, it can help you to determine whether the paper makes a convincing argument, before you spend time agonizing over grammar, sentence structure, word choice, and transitional sentences (etc.). Before continuing, I should mention what you should do before serious outlining. Some important activities that are generally done prior to outlining include extensive reading, taking notes on important ideas (with citations), brainstorming and listing ideas, grouping related ideas together, ordering groups from general to specific (abstract to concrete). After...
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...Clarkson Lumber Hardwoods, Hard Times BBUS 505a Cavelero, Engstrom, Tobey & Zadah Overview • Case Summary • Problem Identification • Findings • Methodology • Metrics • Insights Case Summary • Clarkson Lumber Company [‘CLC’], is a small PNW lumber concern experiencing rapid, questionably financed growth. • Keith Clarkson [‘Clarkson’], sole owner of CLC, has maxed out ($399K of $400K) his line of credit [‘LOC’] at Suburban National. • CLC relies heavily on trade credit and short term debt. • Clarkson wants to move to Northrup National Bank – a larger bank – with a a $750K short-term LOC. • George Dodge, Northrup officer, is cautiously receptive. He’s asked a team of intelligent, attractive analysts to investigate the current state of CLC. Problem Identification “Clarkson wants to move to Northrup National Bank – a larger bank offering a $750K LOC.” • CLC overuses expensive short-term debt to finance growth and buyout his former partner. • It is our opinion that receiving a larger LOC from our bank will result in negative future growth and exacerbate current cash flow problems. • There are other problems with cash-flow, including inventory purchasing, A/R and a 2% A/P discount (opportunity). • PPE depreciation is an unkown; for our analysis, we factored it out. Findings • CLC can be a profitable investment for Northrup, but not with the stated credit terms. Debt restructuring is needed to maximize CLC’s profitability. • According to our research, CLC is in...
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...Review and Evaluation on ‘Do Investment-Cash Flow Sensitivities Provide Useful Measures of Financing Constraints’ by Kaplan and Zingales (QJE,1997) The research paper written by Steven N. Kaplan and Luigi Zingales as titled above which was published in year 1997 is to test the relationship linking investment-cash flow with financial constraint. In their research, they found that firm with a low level of financial constraint have a tendency to have a high investment-cash flow sensitivity. However, the findings contradict with the other research paper especially the FHP, 1988 paper. They used the same sample used in research done by Fazzari, Hubbard, and Petersen (FHP, 1988). But they only took the firms from Class 1 in FHP research which is manufacturing firms and classified as low dividend firms with dividend payout ratio with value below 10%, where they believe to be firms with an abnormally high investment-cash flow sensitivity (Kaplan & Zingales, 1997). The reasons why Kaplan and Zingales chose Class 1 firms as their sample are because of the strong connection illustrated between the firm’s investment and cash flow, FHP argue Class 1 firms are financially constrained even the result indicates that the firms have significantly high sensitivity of investment-cash flow, and lastly because the sample size is considered manageable for a costly research design. They follow the same timeline which is from year 1970 to 1984. Research is conducted by first determining the demand...
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............................................ 2 1.3 What are the report’s main messages?................................................ 3 1.4 How will the messages be structured?................................................ 3 2 Structuring your business report ....................................................... 4 2.1 Covering letter/memorandum.............................................................. 4 2.2 Title Page............................................................................................. 5 2.3 Executive Summary ............................................................................ 5 2.4 Table of Contents................................................................................. 5 2.5 Introduction ......................................................................................... 6 2.6 Conclusions/recommendations ............................................................ 6 2.7 Findings and discussion........................................................................ 8 2.8 References............................................................................................. 8 2.9 Appendices ........................................................................................... 8 3 Writing your business report ..............................................................10 3.1 Use effective headings and subheadings............................................. 10 3.2 Structure your paragraphs well...
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