...Mary Forehandv (o.J.) Bloom’s Taxonomy.- Georgia. Web: http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Bloom%27s_Taxonomy (10.2.2012) Bloom's Taxonomy From Emerging Perspectives on Learning, Teaching and Technology Jump to: navigation, search Mary Forehand The University of Georgia Independent Chapter Review As an educator I find it interesting to teach and learn. I like to ask questions as a roadmap to my teaching experience. You did a fine job with the introduction for that. Yet, I would want a little more information in the introduction. This site is a wonderful Cliff Notes to Bloom’s Taxonomy. The reference page is most helpful. However, I would also add a booklist for your reader. You only had one picture of the theory. I would challenge you to include more pictures and graphs for your reader. It just make things fun for us to see and feel. What about links to other sites so we can enhance our education in the learning process. Linda Dunegan, Ph.D. (c) CB Healing Institute, http://cbhealinginstitute.com/ Contents [hide] • 1 Introduction • 2 History • 3 What is Bloom's Taxonomy? • 4 Revised Bloom's Taxonomy (RBT) • 5 Terminology Changes • 6 Structural changes • 7 Changes in Emphasis • 8 Why use Bloom's Taxonomy? • 9 How can Bloom's Taxonomy Be Used? • 10 Summary • 11 Bloom - Biography • 12 References • 13 Bibliography • 14 Additional Resources • 15 Citation Introduction One of the basic questions facing educators has always been "Where...
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...Draw on Bloom's taxonomy to demonstrate the value of thinking about thinking. Good morning/afternoon/evening, wherever this presentation finds you. I will be drawing on Bloom’s taxonomy to understand and demonstrate the importance of thinking about thinking. I will be discussing a brief history surrounding the taxonomy, what it means today, the different levels of thinking involved and how they differ, plus demonstrate how we can reach sophisticated thinking within academia and our lives using fictional examples. First, a bit of history to understand the subject at hand. The original framework was conceived as a means of measuring educational objectives. Benjamin S. Bloom initiated the idea, beginning in 1949, with a final draft published in 1956 (Krathwohl, 2002). Initially, the term taxonomy was unfamiliar as an education term and misunderstood, receiving little attention at the time (Krathwohl, 2002). The revised framework, was developed 45 years later by Anderson and Krathwohl in 2001 in order to fit the more outcome-focused modern educational objectives (Huitt, 2011). The differing frameworks are illustrated and you can see the similarities between the two. They are arranged in a hierarchy from less to more complex. I like the acronyms used here from LOTS (lower order thinking skills) to HOTS (higher order thinking skills). Further to revision of the taxonomy, Anderson and Krathwohl added a conceptualisation of knowledge dimensions (as shown) within which these processing...
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...Bloom's Taxonomy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search The Bloom's Wheel, according to the Bloom's verbs and matching assessment types. The verbs are intended to be feasible and measurable. Bloom's Taxonomy is a classification of learning objectives within education proposed in 1956 by a committee of educators chaired by Benjamin Bloom who also edited the first volume of the standard text, Taxonomy of educational objectives: the classification of educational goals[1] (referred to as simply "the Handbook" below). Although named for Bloom, the publication followed a series of conferences from 1949 to 1953, which were designed to improve communication between educators on the design of curricula and examinations.[2][3] It refers to a classification of the different objectives that educators set for students (learning objectives). Bloom's Taxonomy divides educational objectives into three "domains": Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor (sometimes loosely described as knowing/head, feeling/heart and doing/hands respectively). Within the domains, learning at the higher levels is dependent on having attained prerequisite knowledge and skills at lower levels.[4] A goal of Bloom's Taxonomy is to motivate educators to focus on all three domains, creating a more holistic form of education.[1] A revised version of the taxonomy was created in 2000.[5][6][7] Bloom's Taxonomy is considered to be a foundational and essential element within the education community...
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...In the first video Small Group Oral Language Sample for Early Childhood Education the first level of thinking I noticed was that of Knowledge(Evaluating) because the task in which the teacher was presenting require different cognitive strategies. The teacher showed students a picture of the block center as well as the art center. She then demonstrated her purpose of the picture to the student by pulling a marker out of the bag asking them where they think it should go. After the teacher saw that the student had grasp the concept of knowledge she provided each of them the opportunity to collect an item from the bag. Meanwhile, during the process of small group the teacher ask question about other selected item the children used that also required them to think. The students developed their knowledge of different learning and thinking strategies as well as their use. In the second videoTechnology in Early Childhood Family Education Classrooms the next level of thinking I noticed was Analyzing where the teacher used the smart board of breaking knowledge into components and determine the relationship of the components to one another such as the schedule that required the students to think about green choices at circle time that require the students to come uo and find their name, and how they related to the overall structure of holding their attention for half an hour where they come up and do and hear things on the smart board. The finally video Introduction to Large Group...
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...VIEWPOINT An Evaluation of E-Learning on the Basis of Bloom’s Taxonomy: An Exploratory Study LEILA A. HALAWI AMERICAN UNIVERSITY IN DUBAI DUBAI, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES RICHARD V. MCCARTHY QUINNIPIAC UNIVERSITY HAMDEN, CONNECTICUT SANDRA PIRES BOWLING GREEN UNIVERSITY BOWLING GREEN, OHIO ABSTRACT. Universities have rushed to expand their delivery of courses through ABSTRACT. e-learning environments. But is e-learning effective? The authors conducted an exploratory study to evaluate e-learning through WebCT on the basis of Bloom’s taxonomy. The authors distributed 75 questionnaires to investigate whether individual or instructional factors play an important role in learning when using WebCT. On the basis of analysis of surveys from undergraduate students at a medium-sized university in the southeastern region of the United States, the authors determined that individual and instructional factors do not play a major role in the learning process. Keywords: Bloom’s taxonomy, e-learning, WebCT Copyright © 2009 Heldref Publications worldwide drastic change occurred in the educational system at the end of the 20th century. Various institutions have tried to bring change to the educational system and to bolster student accomplishments by focusing on schools, teachers, and students responsible for academic learning and achievement (Rothman, 1995). E-learning is an increasingly common form of instructional delivery available in academic and business arenas. E-learning environments...
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...state of doubt, hesitation, perplexity, mental difficulty, in which thinking originates, and (2) an act of searching, hunting, inquiring to find material that will resolve the doubt, settle and dispose of the perplexity’. (Dewey, 1933 p.12) Part 1: With this in mind, consider critically and analytically the purpose and value of reflection and reflective practice, supporting your discussion with relevant reading. Chloe Carter-Miles 6th November 2012 Contents Main Body of Text Page 3 References Page 11 Bibliography Page 13 Appendices Page 16 List of Appendices Appendix 1 Kolb’s Cycle of Experiential Learning Appendix 2 Gibbs Model of Reflection (1988) Appendix 3 Moon’s Model of Reflection Appendix 4 Blooms Taxonomy; original and revised This essay will explore the purpose and value of reflective practice as a trainee teacher, and how it supports learning. Dewey (1916) defines education as ‘It is that reconstruction or reorganization of experience which adds to the meaning of experience, and which increases ability to direct the course of subsequent experience.’ The pertinent word to note in this quote is ‘experience’. Since Dewey highlighted the importance of reflective practice in the early part of the 20th Century, many other academics and practitioners have explored and written about it. Many different reflective models have been published, and they all have variations, however the one consistency among all of the models is that the process of reflection...
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...Telephone: (512) 232-2662 Web: www.utexas.edu/academic/mec Location: Bridgeway Building, 2616 Wichita Street Address: P.O. Box 7246, Austin, TX 78713-7246 Last revised August 19, 2004 1 Table of Contents SECTION Goals of the workshop The KEY to Effective Testing Summary of How Evaluation, Assessment, Measurement and Testing Terms Are Related Course Learning Objectives Abilities and Behaviors Related to Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives Illustrative Action Verbs for Defining Objectives using Bloom’s Taxonomy Examples of Instructional Objectives for the Cognitive Domain Resources on Bloom’s Taxonomy of the Cognitive Domain and Writing Educational Objectives Test Blueprint Description of Multiple-Choice Items Multiple-Choice Item Writing Guidelines Guidelines to Writing Test Items Preparing Your Students for Taking Multiple-Choice Tests Sample Multiple-Choice Items Related to Bloom’s Taxonomy More Sample Multiple-Choice Items Good versus Poor Multiple-Choice Items Activity: Identifying Flawed Multiple-Choice Items Scenario-Based Problem Solving Item Set An Alternative Multiple-Choice Method Guidelines for Administering Examinations Analyzing Multiple-Choice Item Responses Activity: Item Analysis PAGE 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11-14 15-17 18 19 20-22 23-24 25-26 27-29 30-32 33-34 35 36-38 39 Last revised August 19, 2004 2 Goals of the Workshop Multiple-choice exams are commonly used to assess student learning. However, instructors often find it challenging...
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...CECOM FSB Instructor Course Student Guide 15.03.23 PREPARATION 1 Instructor and Classroom Preparation 3 Classroom Management 17 Course Introduction 33 LESSON PLANNING AND PRESENTATION 41 Introduction to Lesson Planning 43 Anticipatory Set 51 Learning Objectives Writing Questions and Objectives Using Bloom’s Taxonomy 57 Input and Modeling Implications of Short-Term Memory Research Implications of Long-Term Memory Research Presentation Skills: Verbal, Vocal, Visual Presentation Skills: Questioning 77 93 105 113 Guided Practice Cooperative Learning Learning Styles/Modalities: Multiple Intelligences 121 135 Independent Practice Differentiated Instruction Assessment 153 161 Closure 171 REFERENCES 177 1 2 3 4 5 6 Course Overview Lesson Planning • • • • • • • • • • • Class Schedule • Start Time • Lunch • Dismissal • Breaks Class Agenda: what topics are taught on what days Review Anticipatory Set Objectives Purpose Input and Modeling Check for Understanding Guided Practice Closure Independent Practice (Sousa, 2011) The instructor is given what to teach, and he/she chooses how to teach it. We intend not to overwhelm students with information, and we will learn why in later lessons on memory. 7 Reliable Sources • • • • Quick reference guides Training manuals Manufacturer’s website...
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...THE NERVOUS SYSTEM The nervous system allows the animal to quickly detect, communicate and co-ordinate information about its external and internal environment so it can make efficient appropriate responses for survival and/or reproduction. The two major parts of our nervous system are the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is made of the brain and spinal cord. The cranial nerves, spinal nerves and ganglia make up the PNS. The cranial nerves connect to the brain. The cranial and spinal nerves contain the axons (fibres) of sensory and motor nerve cells. Nerve cells areas are also known as neurons. Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system. They carry information or impulses as electrical signals from one place to another in the body. There are 3 types of neurons: Sensory Neurons- Sensory neurons carry electrical signals (impulses) from receptors or sense organs to the CNS. Sensory neurons are also called afferent neurons. The cell body of sensory neurons is outside the CNS in ganglia. Motor Neurons- Motor Neurons Carry Impulses From The CNS To Effector Organs Motor Neurons Are Also Called Efferent Neurons. The Cell Bodies Of Motor Neurons Are Inside The CNS. Interneurons- These are also called intermediate, relay, or associative neurons. They carry information between sensory and motor neurons. They are found in the CNS. TOP The Structure of Neurons A Neuron consists of THREE MAIN PARTS: A. CELL...
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...Title Author(s) Source Published by Working with logarithms: students' misconceptions and errors Chua Boon Liang and Eric Wood The Mathematics Educator, 8(2),53-70 Association of Mathematics Educators This document may be used for private study or research purpose only. This document or any part of it may not be duplicated and/or distributed without permission of the copyright owner. The Singapore Copyright Act applies to the use of this document. The Mathematics Educator 2005, Vol. 8. N0.2. 53-70 Working with Logarithms: Students' Misconceptions and Errors Chua Boon Liang and Eric Wood National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University Abstract: This study examines secondary school students' understandings and misconceptions when working with logarithms using a specially designed test instrument administered to 81 students in two Singapore schools. Questions were classified by cognitive level. The data were analysed to uncover the kinds of errors made and their possible causes. Students appear capable of doing routine calculations but less capable when answering questions which require higher levels of cognitive thinking. In addition, many errors are not due to lack of knowledge but appear to be based on over-generalisation of algebraic rules. Suggestions for practice based on these findings are provided. Introduction Anecdotal evidence from teachers and colleagues over the years has consistently confirmed that teaching logarithms in secondary school...
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...Evolution of Knowledge Management toward Enterprise Decision Support: The Case of KPMG Daniel E. O’Leary Marshall School of Business, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Realizing that knowledge and its proper management are essential for effective decision support, this chapter traces the evolution of knowledge management within a major professional services firm – KPMG. By supporting decision making, computer-based systems for managing knowledge can impact organizational performance and the very nature of the organization itself. Here, we examine a progression of knowledge management systems at KPMG, beginning with the 1997 condition of having disparate or no knowledge management systems and culminating with an enterprise-wide integrated system accommodating both locally and globally managed knowledge. Strategically, knowledge-management advances were used to transform the firm from being a confederation of local enterprises to a global enterprise. This chapter investigates why KPMG pursued the development and implementation of a global knowledge management system. In addition, it summarizes some of the key capabilities and technologies of the resulting knowledge management system, K-World. This chapter also examines some key implementation issues. Finally, the chapter investigates two key problems emerging from the use of the system after its introduction: search and client confidentiality, plus some of the emerging extensions for K-World. Keywords:...
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...Journal of Information Technology Education Volume 2, 2003 An Overview of Current Research on Automated Essay Grading Salvatore Valenti, Francesca Neri and Alessandro Cucchiarelli DIIGA - Universita’ Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy valenti@inform.unian.it neri@inform.unian.it alex@inform.unian.it Executive Summary Essays are considered by many researchers as the most useful tool to assess learning outcomes, implying the ability to recall, organize and integrate ideas, the ability to express oneself in writing and the ability to supply merely than identify interpretation and application of data. It is in the measurement of such outcomes, corresponding to the evaluation and synthesis levels of the Bloom’s (1956) taxonomy that the essay questions serve their most useful purpose. One of the difficulties of grading essays is represented by the perceived subjectivity of the grading process. Many researchers claim that the subjective nature of essay assessment leads to variation in grades awarded by different human assessors, which is perceived by students as a great source of unfairness. This issue may be faced through the adoption of automated assessment tools for essays. A system for automated assessment would at least be consistent in the way it scores essays, and enormous cost and time savings could be achieved if the system can be shown to grade essays within the range of those awarded by human assessors. This paper presents an overview of current approaches...
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...South Carolina Social Studies Academic Standards Mick Zais, Ph.D. State Superintendent of Education South Carolina Department of Education Columbia, South Carolina State Board Approved Document – August 18, 2011 Contents Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... iii Introduction .....................................................................................................................................1 Social Studies Standards Page Format .............................................................................................5 Grade-Level Standards for Social Studies Grades K–3 Kindergarten. Foundations of Social Studies: Children as Citizens ...............................................7 Grade 1. Foundations of Social Studies: Families........................................................................12 Grade 2. Foundations of Social Studies: Communities ................................................................17 Grade 3. South Carolina Studies ..................................................................................................22 Grades 4–5 Grade 4. United States Studies to 1865 ........................................................................................29 Grade 5. United States Studies: 1865 to the Present ....................................................................36 Grades 6–8 Grade 6. Early Cultures to 1600...
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...techniques for PART I, Making a Critique- i.e., argument reconstruction, by doing the following “steps”: 1. Read the discourse; 2. Number and Bracket arguments; 3. Write an Index of Claims; and 4. Tree-Diagram the arguments. What is critiquing? Benjamin Samuel Bloom (1913 – 1999) - the creator of Bloom’s Taxonomy (1956) following a framework for categorizing educational goals: Taxonomy of Educational Objectives; revised in 2001 by Anderson & Ktrathwohl) with collaborators Max Englehart, Edward Furst, Walter Hill, and David Krathwohl as A Taxonomy for Teaching, Learning, and Assessment. This taxonomy consists of six major categories: Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Analysis, Synthesis, and Evaluation. The categories after knowledge (containing subcategories) were presented as "skills and abilities," (manifested by a person’s intellectual abilities as well) with the understanding that knowledge was the necessary precondition for putting these skills and abilities into practice. As revised in 2001, these cognitive skills were rather treated more dynamically by using verbs and gerunds to label their categories and subcategories (rather than the nouns of the original taxonomy as knowledge objectives). These "action words" describe the cognitive processes by which thinkers encounter and work with knowledge. They are (from the lowest thinking skill): Categories & cognitive Processes (their corresponding sub-categories and synonyms) and their definitions...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT................................................................................................................... Page 2 INTRODUCTION: PURPOSES, PARAMETERS AND CONTEXT..........................Page 3 CRITICAL REVIEW OF LITERATURE.....................................................................Page 7 SCOPE, SAMPLE AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATION........................................... Page 15 CRITICAL REFLECTION ON OWN RESEARCH FINDINGS.....................................................................................................................Page 17 MY CHANGE INITIATIVE.........................................................................................Page 28 REFERENCES...............................................................................................................Page 44 ABSTRACT This paper reports the findings of a small scale enquiry and the change initiative based on the findings and outcomes of leading a change initiative in a secondary school in the South East of England. The paper evaluates the impact of a change theory on teaching and learning and it assesses the implications of new knowledge on practices and performances of students in Religious Education. The focus of change is on the utilisation of planning strategies to promote interest in learning and the adaptation of critical thinking tools for the purpose of engaging the students in learning. A critical evaluation of the impact of effective...
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