...Juveniles as Adults”. This has brought up a very controversial topic that people seem to be very passionate about. The rate of minors committing horrendous crimes has been on a steady rise for the past couple of decades (DOJ National Report Series Bulletin, 2011). There are many differences between the court system for Juveniles and the justice system for adults. In Juvenile courts there are no juries and no trails by jury either. In adult courts the sentencing is much harsher and the chance of getting off the hook with some counseling is very slim. If a juvenile is defined as a person under the age of 18, how can you justify trying them in a court designed for adult offenders? Some juvenile cases get transferred to adult criminal court through a process called a “waiver”—when a judge waives the protections that juvenile court provides (www.ojjdp.gov). Usually, juvenile cases that are subject to waiver involve more serious crimes, or minors who have been in trouble before (nolo.com/juveniles youth adult criminal court). Being tried as an adult gives a juvenile more constitutional protections, but it also has disadvantages such as losing the juvenile protections as well. Depending on the crime of the minor, both court systems can punish the individual, but which court can give the appropriate punishment or the “crime”, not the age of the person committing the crime? The big question now is should we the courts show more sympathy and compassion for the minor who committed...
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...juvenile cases get transferred to adult criminal court through a process called a ‘waiver’—when a judge waives the protections that juvenile court provides” (Kathleen Michon, 2016). Usually, juvenile cases that are subject to waiver involve more serious crimes, or minors who have been in trouble before. Ever since more states have begun trying juveniles as adults in certain situations, the crime rate among juveniles has dropped significantly. Thesis statement: The frequency of juveniles committing horrendous crimes has been on a steady rise for the past couple of decades and even though fewer varieties of punishments, juveniles should be tried as an adult because it would deter and minimize crimes committed by minors and brings justice to the victims. Describe 3 major characteristics of your audience: My intended audience will include my professor and classmates, lawmakers, judges, prosecutors, lawyers, and parents. I will try to persuade readers to agree with my stand on juveniles and violent crimes and why I feel so strongly that juveniles should be tried as an adult. I will need the help of the federal and state governments to standardize laws across the board governing juveniles committing violent crimes. I will need the help of prosecutors and lawyers to interpret and provide legal advice on the current laws. “Prosecutors frequently ask juvenile court judges to hold hearings about whether their exclusive jurisdiction may be waived so that minors may be...
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...system The first juvenile court was established in Chicago in 1899. Leading up to this point children over the age of seven were tried in the regular criminal court which lead to many problems in the rehabilitation of juveniles. According to United States Courts (n.d.), “Gerald (“Jerry”) Gault was a 15 year-old accused of making an obscene telephone call to a neighbor, Mrs. Cook, on June 8, 1964. After Mrs. Cook filed a complaint, Gault and a friend, Ronald Lewis, were arrested and taken to the Children’s Detention Home” (para. 1). The Court closely examined the juvenile court system, ultimately determining that, while there are legitimate reasons for treating juveniles and adults differently, juveniles facing an adjudication of delinquency and incarceration are entitled to certain procedural safeguards under the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act of 1968 and the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, both stress the importance of separation between noncriminal (status) offenders and those who are accused with criminal offences in terms of legal treatment. In addition, the Acts call for deinstitutionalization of those “light” offenders and demand that convicted juvenile will be removed from adult jails and prisons. Treating young offenders as adults has proved counterproductive and raised questions about the fundamental fairness of a criminal justice system that fails to acknowledge...
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...Juvenile Justice; Don’t Send The Future Away The day I got locked up was a bad day. When I got out i thought it was over not knowing it’s a whole court system I had to go through. I was 16 at the time so I got tried as an adult. I sign my plea for two weeks of probation later. Is the question “are juveniles getting a fair justice?” According to Nicole Scialabba during a single year, an estimated 2.1 million youth under the age of 18 are arrested in the United States. Since the 1980s there has been growing concern about crimes committed by young people. Juveniles should not be tried as adults because young offenders are at risk sent to adult prisons, they are more likely to commit crimes and they lack understanding of the crime they committed. Juveniles should not be tried as adults because they will be sent to an adult prison. An adult prison will have an extremely destructive effect on the juveniles. “Young prisoners are also at a disadvantage because they are not as mature (mentally and physically) as older prisoners (Scott). It is saying that automatically going in a adult prison they are already not safe. Compared to adults they are small. The adult prisoners are physically bigger than juveniles so...
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...Should juveniles be tried as adults? Does it depend on the crime committed? If so, what should be the determining factor(s) in deciding to transfer juveniles to adult courts? Case Assignment 4 September 5, 2011 Violent crimes committed by juveniles have fluctuated over the years. The children of today are subjected to violence in popular songs, television shows, and even computer games. Parents’ having guns accessible to children and the society the child lives in all play a part in the destruction of our youth. Juvenile offenders are now facing tougher punishment for their actions. When a child kills, does he instantly become an adult? Or does he maintain some trappings of childhood, despite the gravity of his or her actions? These are the questions plaguing the American legal system today, as the violent acts of juvenile offenders continue to make headlines. The Juvenile correction system is about one hundred years old. It was created in the 1800s on the philosophy that children are inherently different from adults and it is the state’s responsibility to protect and rehabilitate young offenders. Until the inception of the youth justice system, children were tried in criminal courts along with adults. Movement for juvenile justice reform was informed by the 16th century educational reform movement in England that perceived children to be different than miniature adults, with less than fully developed moral and cognitive capacities. As early as 1825, the Society for...
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...Children get into trouble. It is what they are good at. But what is the extent of that trouble? The juvenile justice system is there so that children who make their way into the law can be treated correctly and appropriately as children and not adults. Many cases have taken place throughout the years to modify these rights of the child in a court of law. One case in particular took place in 1967. This case is in regards to Gerald “Jerry” Gault, a 15 year old boy who was making obscene phone calls to a neighbor as a prank. Why is this case significant? The way it was handled, how the boy was treated, and the rights that came out of this case were all important of how we handle juveniles today. On June 8, 1964, 15 year-old Gerald Gault...
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...is missing, unavailable, or does not exist, please make a note of that in your report. DO NOT MANUFACTURE MISSING INFORMATION! 4. The space provided for your answers are recommendations as to how long your responses should be. You may use more or less space, depending on what you feel should be included. There is no page limit for this assignment. 5. Please be sure to clearly indicate where your answers begin. Feel free to adjust the font, use bold type, or some other means for setting your responses apart (but please do NOT change the color of the typeface). 6. When you have completed entering your responses, print out your final copy and sign the last page. Also, be sure to attach any necessary documents before you submit the final copy. DO NOT INCLUDE THIS SHEET WHEN SUBMITTING STAGE TWO FOR GRADING! KANE COUNTY ADULT COURT SERVICES PRE-SENTENCE INVESTIGATION REPORT Please type all responses Defendant’s Name: Edward Ignatious Case #: 16 CF 0071 Investigator’s Name: Rodrick Parker Date of Report: 3/15/16 Charge(s) Plead: Unlawful Use of Weapon (720 ILCS 5/24-1(a)(8)) & Aggravated Assault (720 ILCS 5/12-2(c)(1)) Date of Guilty Plea: 3/2/16 Sentencing Date: 3/28/16 Part I: Case Information and Summary Please provide a narrative that...
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...Sammie Napier COM181 J. Adams 4/14/2014 Topic: Why schools should start later General Purpose: To persuade Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience why schools should start later. Central Idea: There are many benefits for starting school later, and just not liking school is not the only one. INTRODUCTION Attention-getter: how many of us get a regular eight hours of sleep? How many of us eats a healthy breakfast daily? Well I’ll show you how some of these factors that are in your daily routine can affect you in the present and future. Credibility Material: from the studies conducted by the Center for Disease Control (CDC), 69% of US high school students get less than 8 hours of sleep, more outstanding is 40% of students get less than 6 hours of sleep regularly. Relevance to Audience: the national sleep foundation suggests that adolescents, as in people ages 12-25, are supposed to get a minimum of 8.5 hours of sleep per night. That is me, you, and over a third of the population at this school. Preview of Speech: today I will be talking to you about the benefits of starting schools later, and how the pros greatly outweigh the cons. (Link: First we will discuss how many of us truly get enough sleep BODY 16% of adolescents get enough rest on a daily basis. That means that 84% of us are at risk for driving “impaired.” “Sleepiness can impair performance as much as or more so than alcohol,” proven studies by Dr. Powell in 2001...
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...to treat nice, and new subjects or topics that one has to study based on what course you will get. Although drinking, smoking, and drug-use for some usually result in adverse health consequences, there are some perceived benefits or advantages of these behaviors particularly from the point of view of the adolescents and youths. Adolescents may view drinking and smoking as privileges of adults and may want to engage in them to feel grown up and to present themselves as adults to others. Some of the reasons given are: the availability of cigarettes at home, parents being model of smoking and drinking behavior and consequently parents lack the credibility as advocates for non-smoking or non-drinking.(Aroyo 2001) Smoking and drinking are two of the most important risk factors explaining early mortality, accounting for an estimated 14 percent of deaths among youth worldwide. Most individuals try drinking alcohol for the first time in their early teens and most adult smokers begin smoking before age of 18. Many adolescents and youths are likely to adopt behaviors that are very common among adults sometime during their transition to full adulthood, even when they are aware of the undesirable health consequences of these...
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...Supreme Court The Supreme Court sits as a UK court when taking on civil case as it listens to 70 cases a year, mostly civil, which include some cases from Northern Ireland and Scotland. The majority of the civil cases are linked with tax law. On rare occasions a case can leap-frog from high court to Supreme Court but if not then the majority of the appeals come from the court of appeal or Scottish Court of Session. Leave to appeal to the Supreme Court must be granted by the lower court; this is usually court of appeal or by two justices. Only cases that raise a point of law of general public will be heard here. The Supreme Court will also hear criminal cases as well as civil. Court Of Appeal Civil Division The civil division of the court of appeal mainly hears appeals that came from the high court but on occasion it will hear cases from multi-track actions that have come from county court. The court will occasionally get appeals about the amount of damages awarded e.g. libel cases. Most appeals will concern a question in law. Leave to appeal must be agreed to by the lower court or by the Court of Appeal itself. The court of appeal can uphold or reverse the lower court’s decision. Criminal Division This division is presided over by Lord...
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...Cyberbullying A new important issue is arising, especially with the younger generation. Since the dawn of time, humans have harassed each other in many different ways. As technology brought in new ways to interact with each other, a new form of bullying has developed. This new type of bullying has the same effect as its previous version, but now it has evolved into the cyber world. Cyberbullying is a problem in today’s society for all internet users and proves to be a problem for Congress. As history has shown us, bullying can develop serious mental problems. Everyone who attended any type of school has witnessed or personally experienced some type of bullying. Bullying is, by definition is a, “repeated act of aggressive behavior in order to intentionally hurt another person, physically or mentally” (Wikipedia). There are two major types of bullying. The physical aspect is known as direct bullying as this would consist of any form of physical contact. The other method is know as being indirect, such as yelling, slander, and making other verbal jokes or remarks towards the target. Cyberbullying would be known as an indirect form of bullying. Many beliefs present to why bullying occurs. A hypothesis is believed that bullies act outward from what directly happens to them. A bully may have been bullied themselves, so the event represents a food chain. A bully may have someone they look up to, who is a bully. So in order to try and please their role model the new bully mimics...
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...the overall reality of youth crime (John Howard Society, 2008). The government of Canada has evolved over the many years to deal with youth crime from installing the Juvenile Delinquency Act in 1908 all the way to the Youth Criminal Justice Act recently amended in 2012. What these acts have accomplished is the separation of youth and adult sentences (Stevenson, 2014). This was done in order to protect children because it is the belief in Canada that children are not responsible for their actions because of Doli incapax or the inability to do wrong. That being said there is still legislation in dealing with youth crime that is punishing and effective (Stevenson, 2014). This paper will analyze a court case decision made under the Youth Criminal Justice Act which involves a young offender who was convicted of a gang-related murder and breached Conditional Supervision Order (R. v. S.(M.), 2014). This court case will be analyzed using relevant research on youth gangs using concept of theories that apply to our young offender. In conclusion, this paper will discuss limitations of laws and possible alternatives that dealt with the young offender. A summary of R. v. S.(M.), the court based decision under Youth Criminal Justice Act. Legislations used in this court case followed the guidelines of the Youth Criminal Justice Act and its subsequent subsections. Identities of the victims and the offender will not be disclosed in this paper nor published. Nor any other further information to...
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...Demographics and Ethical Dilemma for Marketing Professional in a Connected and Diverse Society Jahangir M. Kabir Wilmington University What are the connections among demographics, marketing and ethics? Well, they are deep and potentially detrimental to society, if certain ethical standards are not met. According to Grewal and Levy (2011), firms use segmentation, targeting and positioning to develop marketing strategy and segments its customers in many ways and one of them is demographics (Grewal & Levy, p. 232). Demographic (age, gender, race, income, education etc.) segmentation puts consumers into groups according to easily measured objective characteristics such as age, gender, income and education (Grewal and Levy p. 232). Now lets look at some examples of the use of demographics to market products and services to consumers. I was never an Amazon fan until one day in 2011 I received an email with free Amazon Mom subscription for six months. I signed up immediately because it would make me eligible for free two-day shipping and 20% discount on diapers and baby formulas. Amazon targeted me solely because of my wife being nine months pregnant. Now, I am a loyal Amazon customer shopping for almost anything and everything. Grewal and Levy (2011) gives an excellent example of the use of gender as a marketing strategy to market products and service to men and women (p. 233). For example, TV viewing habits very significantly between men and women. Men tend to channel...
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...Chapter One – Introduction 1.1: Introduction 1.2: Origin of the study 1.3: Objectives of the study 1.4: Data collection process 1.5: Limitations 1.1: Introduction Juvenile Delinquency is a terrible problem in the unequal management system of society of the modern world. Juvenile Delinquency is increasing for the fast and speedy development of Industrialization and Urbanization. Industrialization and Urbanization make changes the Family structure which increases the propensity of Juvenile Delinquency. A large scale of people has been shifted to City town from rural area and keeps staying in the abdomen. This also increases Juvenile Delinquency. Now Juvenile Delinquency has emerged as a matter of concern in Bangladesh in recent times with the number of children and young people involved in "criminal activities" rising at an alarming rate. In most of the cases this is not a deliberate choice for the children. Numerous social factors coupled with poor parenting, family troubles and above all extreme poverty are pushing these children to this anti-social position. A child is born innocent and if nourished with tender care and attention, he or she will be blossom with faculties physical, mental, moral and spiritual into a person of stature and excellence. On the other hand, noxious surroundings, neglect of basic needs, bad company and other abuses and temptations would spoil the child and likely to turn him a delinquent. Therefore, expressing his concern for Child...
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...United States Prison System: The War on Drugs The United States of America is no longer the home of the free. It is the home of the locked up and caged. How can this nation embrace the concept of freedom when over 2.4 million of its citizens are locked up in prison? How can Americans have the nerve to utter the words, “racial equality” when over 10% of all African-American men is incarcerated? How can we take pride in a nation that locks up its citizens that suffer from the disease of addiction? This should be an embarrassment to all Americans. The criminal justice system must be reformed and surrender the “War on Drugs.” According to the June 2008 Bureau of Justice Summary, Americans make up only four and a half percent of the world’s population yet boasts twenty-two percent of the world’s incarcerated population. According to the same report, the American Criminal Justice System imprisons six times more of its population than other free nations such as Canada, Australia, Germany, Spain, and Italy. America incarcerates ten times more of its population than Japan, France, and Finland. We have the highest rate of incarceration in the world, much higher than China, Russia, Iran, Cuba, and North Korea whom we consider fascias police states. The 2009 statistics reported in the Prison Index showed that one third of African-American men will serve time in prison at some point in their life. The Bureau of Justice statistics reported, “The number of inmates in...
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