...The Bean Trees by Barbara Kingsolver, begins when Taylor (whose real name is Marietta) decides that it's time to leave Pittman, Kentucky, where she lives with her mother, and make something of herself. She buys a 1955 Volkswagen and embarks on a personal journey of self-discovery, leaving everything behind, including her name. When her car runs out of gas in Taylorville, Illinois, she decides that her new name will be Taylor. From that point on, she is known as Taylor Greer. In the middle of Oklahoma, on land owned by the Cherokee Nation, Taylor's car breaks down. Taylor stops to have it repaired and to get something to eat at a restaurant. Her life changes dramatically when, sitting in her car and ready to leave the restaurant and continue...
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...Nestle From bean to bar – the production process Summary Concepts: Production, chocolate, cocoa, beans, Nestlé, manufacturing, chain, market, consumers, raw materials, economy, supply chain, industry, resources. Summary: Amazingly, UK consumers have a choice of over 5,000 chocolate lines available from 150,000 outlets. Because it is so widely and readily available, we tend to take chocolate for granted, and few of us probably ever consider what is involved in producing it. We don't know who first discovered that cocoa beans could be turned into a drink, but we do know that by 600AD the Mayan people living in what is now Mexico were growing cocoa in the jungles of Yucatan. In the mid-19th century an English cocoa manufacturer, Joseph Storrs Fry, tried mixing cocoa butter with sugar and cocoa paste and invented the world's first solid blocks of chocolate. All over the world you will find prominent brands first developed in the UK e.g. Smarties, Dairy Milk, Aero and of course Kit Kat (the UK's Number 1 selling confectionery brand since 1985). Boxed chocolates such as Quality Street make up 15% of the confectionery market. Blocks and bars like Kit Kat and Yorkie account for 65% and bitesize chocolates e.g. Smarties and Rolo make up 10% Chocolate manufacture provides steady employment and job security for tens of thousands of employees in manufacturing locations like York and Birmingham. The industry also generates jobs in marketing, administration...
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...BURUNDI COFFEE EXPORT COMPANY By Benjamin TURIKUBWAYO Business plan April 2010 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY What is the product ? Burundi coffee is unknown at international market. This is not because coffee growers cannot produce a good quality; it is simply because the coffee produced is not processed to meet the market standards. Burundi coffee company will work with coffee growers to produce specialty coffee by using high quality standards in the processing of the coffee cherry then market it to roasters in the US and Europe. What is the market size? Statistics from the International coffee organization show that there is a decrease in the coffee export in the year 2010 compared to year 2009. “World coffee exports amounted to 7.1 million bags in February 2010, compared with 8.7 million in February 2009. Exports in the first 5 months of coffee year 2009/10 (Oct/09 to Feb/10) have decreased by nearly 11% to 35.6 million bags compared to 40 million bags in the same period in the last coffee year. In the twelve months ending February 2010, exports of Arabica totaled 59.4 million bags compared to 63.8 million bags last year; whereas Robusta exports amounted to 33.2 million bags compared to 34.4 million bags"1. This shows that there is a big demand on the market even thought the prices have been affected by the global economic downturn. BCEC will work with a Switzerland company (SCHLUTER sa) specialized in coffee export to Europe and USA market. BCEC expected production capacity...
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...Coffee Annual 2013 Approved By: Michael Ward Prepared By: Huong Nguyen Report Highlights: Post revises its coffee production estimate in marketing year (MY) 2012/13 up to about 25 million 60 kg-bags (bags), or 1.49 million metric tons (MMT) of green coffee, about a 4 percent drop from MY2011/12 due to pre-seasonal rains during the coffee flower blossoming period in main coffee growing areas. Post also revises its total export estimate in MY 2012/13 up to 23.8 million bags, or 1.42 MMT green coffee bean equivalent (GBE), due to the pace of green bean exports MY-to-date. Post’s initial coffee production forecast for MY2013/14 is 22.9 million bags, or 1.37 MMT of green coffee, about an 8 percent drop from the previous MY due to drought in the central highlands early in the growing season. Post’s initial total export estimate for MY2013/14 is 21.3 million bags, or 1.28 MMT GBE, as drought impacted production will lead to reduced exportable supplies in MY2013/14. 1 Executive Summary: Vietnam’s coffee growing areas continue to expand despite of GOV’s goal to maintain area at 500,000 ha. Coffee prices remain high and provide a strong incentive for farmers to plant additional area. According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) and statistics from Provincial Departments of Agriculture and Rural Development, coffee area increased by 8 percent to 616,000 ha in 2012 from 571,000 ha in 2011. Actual coffee area likely exceeds GOV official estimates. Post revises...
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...Grade 10-12 Geography FARMING IN ZAMBIA AND THE SUB-REGION Grade 10-12 Geography Author: C.I. Chilukusha (Mrs) Summary: This lesson plan covers land tenure in Zambia, types of farming, the problems associated with subsistence farming, the pastoral system, commercial farming, impact on the environment, farming in other countries in the sub-region, and an outline of Government measures to develop agriculture in Zambia. ZAMBIA A. LAND TENURE This is the process of acquiring and possessing of land by individuals. There are four types of land tenure in Zambia namely: 1. TRADITIONAL LAND This is land controlled by traditional chiefs on behalf of the people. Individuals or families have the right to use the land but not to sell it. This land is inherited according to existing customary law. 2. FREE HOLD This is reserve land especially on the unproductive land. Mostly used as collateral before independence. 3. STATELAND This is the acquisition and control of land by the president in public interest. This is administered by the ministry of Lands which issues title deeds in collaboration with the council. 4. LEASEHOLD This is the statutory lease of land for a maximum period of 99 years. This also requires the consent of the president. Certificates of title are also issued. B. TYPES OF FARMING TRADITIONAL FARMING This is the farming or growing of crops basically for the family’s’ sustenance. Small portions of land are cleared and the crops are food...
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...EFFECTS OF VERMICAST AND CHICKEN DUNG MIXED WITH VERMICAST AS ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF STRING BEANS IN LILOY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL DURING THE MONTHS OF JULY-OCTOBER 2013 A Research Paper Presented To Dr. Leah A. Gumela Liloy National High School Liloy, Zamboanga del Norte In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements in Research II By Group 6 Zennia Mae S. Ramirez Christine Ann L. Villarin Eusebio P. Gamil jr. Glomark O. Pahignalo Glenda D. Daarol IV - Newton October, 2013 CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE Introduction Nowadays, expensive chemical fertilizers are mostly used by farmers, but there are organic fertilizers which are very useful to crops that would give better results than chemical fertilizer and can conserve soil. With this, the researchers choose to conduct this study that aims to determine the effects of chicken dung and vermicast as organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of string beans. Chicken dung and vermicast are the two organic fertilizers use in the study. It will be applied to the string beans, and the growth and yield of the string beans will be observed in order to know the effects of chicken dung and vermicast on the string beans. The study will be beneficial to farmers, gardeners, local government unit such as DENR, DA, families who have gardens in their backyards and also those who love gardening. This will elevate family income to farmers and gardeners....
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...no. 1-0023 Starbucks Coffee Company* On an overcast February afternoon in 2000, Starbucks CEO Orin Smith gazed out of his office window in Seattle and contemplated what had just occurred at his company’s annual shareholder meeting. In prior years, the meeting had always been a fun, all-day affair where shareholders from around the country gathered to celebrate the company’s success. This year, however, Smith and other senior Starbucks executives heard an earful from the activist group Global Exchange. A human rights organization dedicated to promoting environmental, political, and social justice around the world, Global Exchange criticized Starbucks for profiting at the farmer’s expense by paying low prices and not buying “fair trade” beans. Not only did the activists disrupt the company’s annual meeting to the point that the convention hall security police asked the activists to leave, but they also threatened a national boycott if the company refused to sell and promote fair trade coffee. Although Smith strongly disagreed with using the shareholders meeting as a public forum, he knew there was a strong likelihood his company could face serious reprisals if it did not address the issues raised by Global Exchange. Fair trade began after World War II as religiously–affiliated, non-profit organizations purchased handmade products for resale from European producers. During the 1970s and 1980s, the concept evolved further into buying crafts from low-income, third-world producers...
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...environmentally and socially, for the continued sustainability of the world’s most influential drink. A History of Exploitation To understand the implications of coffee’s impact on society and the global economy, it is important to start at the beginning. Coffee berries were first eaten by slaves who took it with them as they were taken from what is present day Sudan to Yemen and Arabia. This is where coffee as we know it today was born. It is believed that the first beans were roasted and brewed around 1000 A.D. in Arabia. By the 13th century, coffee was a common drink among Arabs and coffeehouses were opened in Mecca and throughout the Arab world. By the 15th century, coffee was cultivated as a crop throughout Arabia. However, the Arabs banned the exportation of coffee and made exported beans infertile in attempts prevent its cultivation in other areas.[ii] It was hard to keep coffee to themselves for long, and it is believed that an Indian by the name of Baba Budan smuggled fertile coffee beans to India by taping them to his belly. Whether that is true or not, around the 1600s India began to grow coffee and the Dutch took notice. The...
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...Rastafarian symbols. 3. The founder and foundation of the different Rastafarian symbols. The different uses of the Rastafarian symbols. 4. What major impact the symbols have on the Rastafarian followers Summary of Findings According to The New Integrated Approach Religious Education Workbook, Rastafarians has many symbols. The public symbols are the most dominant. These involve hair styling and their use of food. Hair styling Many Rastafarians wear dreadlocks and beard, but not all of them do. To grow dreadlocks, Rastas just wash it and leave it. The locks take time to grow and one cannot just change his or her hairstyle without showing all of his or her hair. Therefore, it is a symbol of commitment. Rastas’ locks are also a semi- permanent symbol that signifies their devotion to Jah. The use of Food Rastafarians do not eat meat, they are strictly vegetations. Their diet has to be natural; therefore no artificial food is used. Only a few dairy products are eaten. Rastas’ diet consists of Ital food, which means they do not use salt. Their favourite dish is rice and peas cooked in natural coconut milk and natural spices. Vegetables are then added. Rastas’ diet also consists of plenty nuts, beans and fruits. They boil herbs and...
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...Walden Summary In his first chapter, "Economy," Thoreau introduces his purpose in writing the book, saying he intends to answer questions people have asked about his reasons for living alone in a cabin in the woods near Walden Pond for two years. He explains that most people live their lives as if sleeping, blindly following the ways of their parents, and become trapped into these lives by owning property and slaving in jobs to maintain their way of life. In contrast, he sought to discover the true necessities of life and built a cabin, for the cost of $28. 12 _ near Walden Pond, where he lived for two years, beginning in the summer of 1845. Making a profit of $8.71 _ by selling the beans he grew and working occasionally at odd jobs, he found he was able to support himself with very little work and much time for contemplation of himself and nature. Thoreau, in the second chapter, "Where I Lived, and What I Lived For," talks about how he once considered buying the Hollowell farm for himself but the purchase fell through. Instead, he created a new existence for himself at Walden, where he found joy and fulfillment in nature, truly awakening in his mornings there, while most of society remains perpetually asleep, living mean lives when the possibility of a much better life is possible. The key to achieving such a life, he says, is simplicity. In the third chapter, "Reading," Thoreau describes how he derives enlightenment from reading Homer and other great writers, men who spoke...
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...that shape our walk with Christ. Some may see us as hypocrites because they don’t understand our faith and do not wish to look past our faults. Beyond any of this, it’s our job to live in harmony with nature and learn from it. By reading and understanding the word of God, it’s clear that He expects us to be caretakers of his creation. In addition, He expects us to appreciate and protect all animals and the environment. To fulfill this mission doesn’t require perfection, but an honest heart and effort will get the job done. As a Christian, in an attempt to preserve or restore our environment, we should do the following: plant and eat from trees, eat less or no meats, and dispose of human wastes more properly. Planting and Eating from trees. In the bible Leviticus 19:23, New Living Translation, reads “When you enter the land and plant fruit trees, leave the fruit unharvested for the first three years and consider it forbidden. Do not eat it”. This is a very direct scripture. From my understanding, God’s telling us to labor in our gardens and once our fruits or vegetables have matured, then we may take from them. As an example, the Weekend Gardner Monthly Web Magazine for March 2012 (http://weekendgardener.net) gives us great tips on harvesting apples, pears, tomatoes, etc. By reading this article, I learned that a great indication of an...
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...that moves to improve same-store sales with automatic equipment and off-brand merchandise could be turning consumers off. The return on investment (ROI) for Starbucks in 2010 was 22.50%. The market share was $27.33 billion while the profitability was at 30.4% (Donald, 2007). B. Strategic Posture Starbucks has an impressive mission statement because it addresses their product as a whole and their mission for different relationships. “The Starbucks Mission Statement-To inspire and nurture the human spirit - one person, one cup, and one neighborhood at a time. Here are the principles of how we live that every day: Our Coffee-It has always been, and will always be, about quality. We’re passionate about ethically sourcing the finest coffee beans, roasting them with great care, and improving the lives of people who grow them. We care deeply about all of this; our work is never done. Our Partners-We’re called partners, because it’s not just a job, it’s our passion. Together, we embrace diversity to create a place where each of us can be ourselves. We always treat each other with respect and dignity. And we hold each other to that standard. Our...
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...5-6 years to mature and bear a fruit. The ripe cocoa pod has about 30 usable pods each year ie rougly 1000 cocoa beans a year Around 500 beans make 1 pound only ie 2 pound of bittersweet cocoa per tree in a year. Cacao farming is very labor intensive. Every part of cacao farming, from planting to harvesting to fermenting, is best done by hand, not machines. Pods must be removed from the trees individually, by hand, because not all ripen at the same time. Farmers generally use machetes or large knives attached to poles to slice down the ripe pods, taking care not to hurt nearby buds. The pods are split open by hand. The beans are scooped out and the outer shell is discarded. If you tasted a bean at this point you would notice a sweet, lemony flavor from the pulp. The actual bean would be bitter and hard to eat. SLIDE 3 Fermentation Once the cacao beans are scooped from the pods, they are fermented and dried in the two-step curing process that sets in motion the development of the flavor nuances which maketasting chocolate so exciting. Fermentation is the first critical process to develop the beans’ flavor. The beans, still covered with pulp, are placed in large, shallow wooden boxes or are left in piles and covered with banana leaves. The fermentation process takes anywhere from two to eight days. Drying The next key process is drying. The best way to dry cacao beans is to lay them on bamboo mats and let them bask in the sun's warming rays. In some humid, rainy climates,...
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...Scaling Inclusive Business Models leveraging a partnership ecosystem at the nexus of poverty and environment Scaling Inclusive Business Models leveraging a partnership ecosystem at the nexus of poverty and environment Markus Dietrich,Director, ASEI Sahba Sobhani, Programme Advisor Private Sector BPPS, UNDPASEI Project Team: Mary Grace Santos, Lead Consultant Lorenzo Cordova, Jr., Environmental Impact Specialist Marcos Perez, Jr. Social Impact Specialist Markus Dietrich,Director, ASEI Sahba Sobhani, Programme Advisor Private Sector BPPS, UNDPASEI Project Team: Mary Grace Santos, Lead Consultant Lorenzo Cordova, Jr., Environmental Impact Specialist Marcos Perez, Jr. Social Impact Specialist Contract No. BPPS/2014/IC/0012 Project Name: Scaling Inclusive Business Models leveraging a partnership ecosystem at the nexus of poverty and environment 1st phase Report Developing an inclusive and green eco-system framework 2nd phase Report Initial case studies and eco-system in the Philippines 3rd phase Report Final Draft Authors Markus Dietrich, Director, ASEI Sahba Sobhani - Programme Advisor Private Sector BPPS, UNDP ASEI Project Team: Mary Grace Santos, Lead Consultant Lorenzo Cordova, Jr., Environmental Impact Specialist Marcos Perez, Jr. Social Impact Specialist Version 1: 21 March 2015 Version 2: 13 April 2015 Version 3: 02 June 2015 Version 4: 30 July 2015 Version 5: 25 August 2015 Content 1 Introduction to inclusive and...
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...CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Coffee is a brewed beverage with a dark, slightly acidic flavor prepared from the roasted seeds of the coffee plant, called coffee beans. Green (unroasted) coffee is one of the most traded agricultural commodities in the world. Coffee can have a stimulating effect on humans due to its caffeine content. It is one of the most-consumed beverages in the world. Ampalaya (Momordica charantia Linn.), also known as Bitter Melon, is a crawling vine that grows well in tropical countries, particularly in the Philippines. Known for its bitter taste, the Ampalaya is at once a staple ingredient in Filipino and Asian cuisines and a reliable home remedy for various illnesses, particularly diabetes. But aside from its role as a healthy food, Ampalaya is especially valued by diabetics for its known anti-diabetes. The researcher decided to use ampalaya seeds instead of throwing it and decided to use the seeds as coffee to know if it could be a good alternative to the commercial one. B. Statement of the Problem The main problem of the study is to make coffee from ampalaya seeds. It also answers the following problems: 1. What are the characteristics of the different ampalaya coffee samples in terms of: a. Color b. Aroma c. Taste d. Acidity 2. What is the acceptability of the different ampalaya coffee samples prepared? 3. Is there a significant difference on the characteristics and acceptability...
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