...such dangerous circumstances. The question still stands, though: Could the Cuban Missile Crisis have...
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...Centre Number: 6362 Doha British School Plan of Investigation Summary of Evidence Evaluation of Source Analysis Conclusion Contents A. Plan of Investigation 2 B. Summary of Evidence 3 C. Evaluation of Sources 5 Section D: Analysis 7 Section E: Conclusion 8 Bibliography (Written Sources) 9 Bibliography (Non-Written sources) 9 A. Plan of Investigation This study will seek to answer the question of how Fidel Castro affected the relations between the US and the USSR during the Cuban Missile Crisis. I chose this question because I’ve always had a passion for learning about the Cold War, especially the Cuban perspective of the whole situation. With this in mind, this is why I found the topic relevant, as the whole incident has been a standing point in time representing the effects of unstable relations in times of nuclear crisis. In order to answer...
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...Decision Making : Cuban Missile Crisis October 1962 was a tumultuous time for Americans, and people around the nation. During this time the United States and nations were on the brink of nuclear war. The Cuban Missile Crisis was known as one of the most trying times in history, as well as crucial moment throughout John F. Kennedy’s presidency. The Cuban Missile Crisis was believed to be one of the most successful decision-making processes in history. The movie Thirteen Days was one among several media outlets, which analyzed the events leading to the Cuban Missile Crisis. It explored the leadership methods of President Kennedy, and process which led him and the Executive Committee (ExComm.) to reach a successful resolution. The intent of this summary will explore detailed events of the film to pinpoint several decision-making models, such as the rational model, political model, and process model. The review will focus on the key players in the decision making process and their influence on President Kennedy, as well as, how they eventually reached a successful outcome. During an emergency meeting with President Kennedy, McGeorge Bundy, National Security Advisor reported U-2 aerial photographs detecting the construction of medium range missiles in Cuba. President Kennedy initiated a discussion with the Joint chiefs of the Executive Committee. He took a step back to allow everyone involved to suggest different scenarios to solve the missile crisis. The military consensus...
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...prevail in a new "Cold War." (Causes of the Cold War Summary & Analysis) The name of the Cold War derive from the blameless and approachable relationship the United States and Russia had dating back from World War II. The war occurred from 1945 to 1980 and is considered the longest war America has ever fought. One of the most important aspects of the Cold War era that I have analyzed is the role the Bahamas played. The reason for this is the Bahamas is geographically located between the United States of America and Cuba. Throughout my interviews, I have found that the U.S. has use the Bahamas as a curtain to defend them from Cuba. They strategically setup missile and submarine bases on key islands located in the Bahamas. All in an effort to monitor soviet submarines heading to and from Cuba. One interviewer said as a child they enjoyed watching U.S. helicopters perform different operations performed on the island in preparation if Cuba was to strike. In my interviews account they recall key events such as the Korean War, the Cuban Crises, Creeping Socialism, and John F. Kennedy being newly elected President of the United States of America. They vividly described the newly elected president J.F. Kennedy’s greatest Cold War challenge occurred in Cuba. They said his intent was to topple Cuba’s new pro-Communist revolutionary leader, Fidel Castro. It was rumored that Kennedy authorized the CIA to train an arm force of a 1,000 Cuban exiles to invade Cuba. However, this invasion known...
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...principal refused. Oliver then contacted William Everett Glenn, Sr., a Topeka attorney and Mckinley Burnett, the head of the Topeka NAACP branch, about his concerns regarding "separate but equal policies" of Topeka schools. The separate but equal doctrine came about in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson which stated that having blacks and whites in separate equal facilities did not violate the Equal Protection Clause. On May 17, 1954 the United States Supreme Court decided unanimously that The Board of Education acted unconstitutionally and that they violated the 14th Amendment by separated children if for no other reason than for their race. Webber, Andrew "Brown v. Board of Education about the case" [online] available http://brownvboard.org/summary/ The unanimous court decision announced by Chief Justice Earl Warren was the turning point in the struggle to eradicate all forms of racial segregation. 4 2. The Watergate Incident is one of the most controversial acts of corruption in American History. “The Watergate Tapes” (or Nixon Tapes). These tapes were a set of recordings between President Richard Nixon and many Government Officials such as White House Counsel- John Dean. The discovery that Nixon had misused...
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...On the Crisis Management of the Modern Enterprise BIAN Tingting1, 2, TAN Zhanglu2 1 School of Management, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China, 100101 2 School of Management, China University of Mining &Technology, Beijing, 100083 teacherbian@126.com Abstract: Modern enterprises are facing more and more crisis from the external environment. This paper starts from the four major foreign crisis management theories, then analyzes the main problems of the enterprise crisis management in our country, finally it raises the three aspects ideas of the modern crisis management. The three aspects are named crisis prevention, crisis resolving and summer up after crisis. From the three aspects, we should strengthen the crisis management, and control the deterioration of the crisis in time to ease the crisis finally to turn crises into opportunitiesin order to minimize or avoid the loss of the enterprise caused by crisis. Keywords: Modern enterprise, crisis, crisis management 1 Introduction With the acceleration of economic and social globalization, internal and external business environment becomes more complex and changeable, and are full of uncertainty. This uncertainty has brought the potential for the enterprise crisis. Today's economic and social development is more than ever vulnerable to social conflict, terrorism, technological disasters, and financial crisis. Crisis exists anywhere and anytime...
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...Research Paper: The Atomic Bomb Strayer University His 360: Twentieth Century World Research Paper: The Atomic Bomb March, 2011 Micheal McMillin Professor Curran Research Paper: Atomic Bomb: I. Executive Summary. On August Sixth and Ninth in 1945 the Japanese Island’s two cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki were bombed with a new type of weapon. The Atomic bomb created to end the Second World War, and to showcase The United States in becoming a Superpower. After the Atomic Bomb use it would affect the cities of Japan for years to come, but also the world leading to a new arms race that still affects us today. II. Essay How can one describe the power of the Atomic Bomb? With the power to bring two cities to its knees and kill thousands of people and affect people for years to come. The Atomic Bomb was used to bring Japan’s unconstitutional surrender. The used of this weapon is still under massive debate, even to this day. Was it ethical to use the Atomic Bomb not once, but twice on one nation? In using the Atomic Bomb on Japan it showed the world the deadly weapon the United States had created it. In the use of the Atomic Bomb we show the world and more importantly Russia what we developed. Now this Atomic age had begun as we enter the time known aa the Cold War. In the late 1930’s European and American physicists discovered how the fission of atoms could create a powerful an explosive weapon. In the year 1939 Albert Einstein would write a letter to President...
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...Management Science Summary Definitions by Subject Game theory * Nash equilibrium * In game theory, the Nash equilibrium is a solution concept of a non-cooperative game involving two or more players, in which each player is assumed to know the equilibrium strategies of the other players, and no player has anything to gain by changing only their own strategy. If each player has chosen a strategy and no player can benefit by changing strategies while the other players keep theirs unchanged, then the current set of strategy choices and the corresponding payoffs constitute a Nash equilibrium. * Stated simply, Amy and Wili are in Nash equilibrium if Amy is making the best decision she can, taking into account Wili's decision, and Wili is making the best decision he can, taking into account Amy's decision. Likewise, a group of players are in Nash equilibrium if each one is making the best decision that he or she can, taking into account the decisions of the others. * Pareto efficiency * Pareto efficiency, or Pareto optimality, is a state of allocation of resources in which it is impossible to make any one individual better off without making at least one individual worse off. The term is named after Vilfredo Pareto (1848–1923), an Italian economist who used the concept in his studies of economic efficiency and income distribution.The concept has applications in academic fields such as economics and engineering. * Given an initial allocation of goods among...
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...The Edexcel International GCSE in History Schemes of work We are happy to provide these new enhanced schemes of work for you to amend and adapt to suit your teaching purposes. We hope you find them useful. Practical support to help you deliver this specification Schemes of work These schemes of work have been produced to help you implement this Edexcel specification. They are offered as examples of possible models that you should feel free to adapt to meet your needs and are not intended to be in any way prescriptive. It is in editable word format to make adaptation as easy as possible. These schemes of work give guidance for: * Content to be covered * Approximate time to spend on different key themes * Ideas for incorporating and developing the assessment skills related to each unit. Suggested teaching time This is based on a two year teaching course of five and a half terms with one and a half hours of history teaching each week. This would be a seventy week course with total teaching time of approximately 100 hours. The schemes suggest the following timescale for the different sections: * Paper 1: 20 hours for each of the two topics: Total 40 hours. * Paper 2 Section A: 20 hours for the topic: Total 20 hours. * Paper 2 Section B: 25 hours for the topic since it covers a longer period in time. Total 25 hours. * Revision: 15 hours. Possible options for those with less teaching time * 20 hours for Section Paper 2 Section B ...
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...To : From : Date : 20th April 2012 Subject : Report Proposal Proposed Report Topic: “The Internet and E-business”. Executive Summary: “In five years’ time, all companies will be Internet companies, or they won’t be companies at all.” - Andy Grove, the chairman of Intel, The Net Imperative, The Economist, June 26 to July 2, 1999. Background: Information technology has transformed the way companies conduct business. Technology allows businesses to automate manual operations and process information much faster. While business technology often is used through personal computers, server storage and point-of-sale or cash register systems, THE MAJOR technological advancement is the Internet, which has created new communication forms and other business methods that companies use when processing financial and business information. Context: Some companies are using the Internet to make direct connections with their customers for the first time. Others are using secure Internet connections to intensify relations with some of their trading partners, and using the Internet’s reach to request quotes or sell off perishable stocks of goods or services by auction. Entirely new companies and business models are emerging in industries ranging from chemicals to road haulage to bring together buyers and sellers in super-efficient new electronic marketplaces. Due to the success of the internet the world has become a much smaller place and people can stay connected, from wherever...
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...1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. John Wiley & Sons is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Strategic Management Journal. http://www.jstor.org Strategic Managemtent Journal, Vol. 6, 25 7-2 72 (1985) Of Strategies, Deliberate and Emergent HENRYMINTZBERG Faculty of Management, Canada McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, JAMES A. WATERS Faculty of Administrative Ontario, Canada Studies, York University, Toronto, Summary Deliberate and emnergent strategies mnay...
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...implications of the growing role of private military companies (PMCs) for governing global politics Introduction The focus of the investigation, the findings of which are presented in this essay, was on the implications for the governance of global politics of the growing role of private military companies (PMCs). PMCs are different from traditional military contractors, which more often than not are referred to as defense contractors. Traditional military (or defense) contractors manufacture the weapons of war, provide the supplies that are required by armed forces, or perform other services that do not directly involve their personnel in combatant roles. Private military companies, in contrast to traditional military contractors provide both direct military services and security services. PMC personnel are directly involved in combatant roles when the contract provides for the delivery of military capacities. PMC personnel may be directly involved in combatant roles when the contract provides for the delivery of security services. PMC personnel providing security services must be prepared to engage in combatant roles; however, much of their duties will be as guards to prevent breeches of security. In the investigation, the results of which are presented in this study, the implications of the growing role of PMCs on the governance of global politics considers the effects of PMCs in both their military roles and their security roles. While the direct combatant roles...
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...I ~ i APPLIED SOCIAL RESEARCH METHODS SERIES CASE Series Editors LEONARD BICKMAN, Peabody College, Vandelbilt University. Nashvine DEBRA J. ROO. Vanderbilt UnillelSity. Washington. DC I. SURVEY RESEARCH METHODS (ThIrd Edition) by FlOYD J. FOWLER, Jr. 2. SYNTHESIZING RESEARCH (ThIrd edition) by HARRIS COOPER 3. METHODS FOR POUCY RESEARCH by ANN MAJCHRZAK 4. SECONDARY RESEARCH (Second Edition) by DAVID W. STEWART and MICHAEL A. KAMINS 5. CASE sruDY RESEARCH (ThIrd edition) by ROBERT K. YIN 6. META-ANALY11C PROCEDURES FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH (Revl'" Edition) by ROBERT ROSENTHAL 7. TELEPHONE SURVEY METHODS (Second Edition) by PAUL J. LAVRAKAS 8. DIAGNOSING ORGANlZAnoNS (s.cond Edition) by MICHAEL I. HARRISON 9. GROUP TECHNIQUES FOR IDEA BUILDING (Second Edition, by CARL M. MOORE 10. NEED ANALYSI9 by JACK McKilliP II. UNKING AUDmNG AND META EVALUAnON by THOMAS A. SCHWANDT and EOINARD S. HALPERN 12. ETHICS AND VALUES IN APPUED SOCIAL RESEARCH by ALLAN J. KIMMEL 13. ON nME AND METHOD by JANICE R. KEllY and JOSEPH E. McGRATH 14. RESEARCH IN HEALTH CARE SEmNGS by KATHLEEN E. GRADY and BARBARA STRUDLER WALlSTON 15. PARnCIPANT OBSERVAnON by DANNY JORGENSEN 16. INTERPREnVE INTERACllONISM (Second Edition) by NORMAN K. DENZIN 17. ETHNOGRAPHY (Second Edition) by DAVID M. FETTERMAN 18. STANDARDIZED...
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...abbreviated definition of a “case study” will help identify the circumstances when you might choose to use the case study method instead of (or as a complement to) some other research method. Second, other features cover the choices you are likely to encounter in doing your own case study. Thus, the refresher discusses the •• definition of the “case” in case study research, •• benefits of developing a theoretical perspective in conjunction with your design and analysis tasks, •• importance of triangulating among data sources, •• desired vigor in entertaining rival explanations during data collection, and •• challenge of generalizing from case studies. AUTHOR’S NOTE: This chapter was written expressly for this book but draws from three previous summaries of the case study method (Yin, 2006, 2009b, and 2011a). 3 4 PART I. STARTING...
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...THE RELEVANCE OF THE UNITED NATIONS IN THE POST-COLD WAR ERA: IRAQI INVASION AS A CASE STUDY BY ALADENIYI, EMMANUEL ABIODUN APRIL 2005 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND 1. The basic concepts and assumptions that led to the formation of the United Nations (UN) dates back to the beginning of statecraft and humanity’s first efforts to foster international cooperation. The treaty of the peace of Westphalia of 1648 is regarded at humanity’s first effort in statehood and fostering international cooperation. The formation of the UN is predicated on the evolution of diplomacy, alliances, conferences, rules of warfare, means of peaceful settlement of conflicts and the development of international law. The overriding purpose of the UN is war prevention. This purpose was earlier pursued by ancient Greek Philosophers, Plato and Aristotle, who wrote on the conditions necessary for peace.1 The church in the Middle Ages also enunciated a doctrine of “Just War” to limit violence and destruction by sanctioning only wars fought for justifiable courses. The pacifists and internationalists, like Desiderius Erasmus, condemned war in its entirety as “immoral and wasteful”. 2. The need to institute mechanics for peaceful settlement of disputes and prevent war encouraged the formation of various international organizations over time. These include the Congress of Vienna and Concert of Europe in 1815. The Hague System worked towards the codification...
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