...Summary: According to the History Channel “at the end of the American civil war radical members of congress attempted to destroy the white power structures of the rebel states”(History Channel 1). The NAACP the congress of Racial Equality these campaigns wanted to give African-American a voice. Which caused the beginning of the Ku Klux Klan as well known as the (KKK) they extended far into every southern state by late 1870. Relevance to Research Question (How does this source answer my question and how does it relate to my other sources):Racism and police brutality began when the south lost the civil war against the north. They formed a group called the Ku Klux Klan to take away rights to African-Americans. The Klan became somewhat of a vehicle...
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...History 17B Summary Paper World War II was America's most important twentieth-century war and was also known to be one of the greatest military conflicts in history. Many people viewed World War II as the “Good War”, which was a war against fascism and for democracy. After World War I which ended in 1918, Germany had to give up land and was banned from having any armed forces, which was caused from the Treaty of Versailles. Germany surrendered many material goods like cannons, machine guns, planes, trench mortars, and even railroads after World War I. Germany felt a huge war guilt and was embarrassed with the defeat if the war. The start of the second world war was influenced with the rise of Adolf Hitler. When World War II began on September 1, 1939, our government, movies, music, publishing, and fashion contributed lots of support for the war. The Treaty of Versailles caused Germany to surrender many things which caused them be in a poor economic state. Since Germany was in a horrible state, Adolf Hitler rose to become a Führer to the people of Germany do to his spectacular public speeches. Hitler promised to make his country better and quickly began to arm Germany again and to seize land from other countries, thus breaking the Treaty of Versailles. He also had a hated for Jews and used them a scapegoat. Hitler was a huge fascist. “Fascism an authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization.” (Webster). It opposed the capitalist...
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...Time Summary Analysis In the book, The New Jim Crow Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, Michelle Alexander discusses race-related issues specific to African-American males and mass incarceration in the United States, though Alexander notes that the discrimination faced by African-American males is also prevalent among other minorities and socio-economically disadvantaged populations. Alexander's central premise, from which the book derives its title, is that "mass incarceration is, metaphorically, the New Jim Crow keeping company with the final chapter of the New Jim Crow, “The Fire this Time,” this section is devoted to the question of where we go from here. Michelle Alexander argues that we, as a nation, have reached a fork in the road. Likewise, here at the end of our journey with her book, we find ourselves at a critical point of decision. What is required of us at this moment in history, a time when millions are cycling in and out of our nation’s prisons and jails trapped in a parallel social universe in which discrimination is perfectly legal? How do we show care and concern for the children who are born into communities where the majority of men and growing numbers of women can expect to spend time behind bars? What must we do, now that we know that the usual justifications do not hold water, and that a human rights nightmare is occurring on our watch? The New Jim Crow begins and ends with the assertion that nothing short of a major social movement holds...
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...140103119 3 Ankush Bansal 140103024 4 Mayank Shekhar 140101098 5 Priyanka Thaman 140102135 6 Deepak Jhunjhunwala 140102041 2 Contents Executive Summary……………………………………………………. 3 Indian Civil Aviation Sector- Chronology of events…….. 4 FDI Regulations………………………………………………………….. 6 Growing Low Cost Carrier Market share……………………. 6 Air Turbine Fuel Price trends……………………………………… 7 Rupee depreciation…………………………………………………… 7 LCC Strategies…………………………………………………………… 7 Financial Analysis……………………………………………………… 8 Current Transformation……………………………………………. 9 Industry Estimations…………………………………………………. 11 The Indian Advantage- The Four Big Prospects…………. 13 Evolution of the Indian Aviation Sector…………………….. 15 Strategic Grouping of Six Major Airlines……………………. 16 Six Major airports……………………………………………………… 16 Passenger traffic……………………………………………………….. 17 Freight traffic…………………………………………………………….. 18 Aircraft movement…………………………………………………….. 19 Private Sector players………………………………………………… 19 Airports- notable trends……………………………………………. 20 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis……………………………………… 21 Strategies adopted……………………………………………………. 22 Growth Drivers…………………………………………………………. 25 Strategic Policies- Industry Growth…………………………… 27 Top two players Analysis…………………………………………… 28 References………………………………………………………………… 28 3 Executive Summary The Indian Aviation industry has been facing multiple...
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...San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez, 411 U.S. 1 (1973) Historical Setting After Civil Rights success in the 1960’s, many of the United States underrepresented citizenry such as minorities and poor searched for equality through the Constitution. In San Antonio, Texas, citizens found that the school finance system was unjust and filed suit under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The Federal District Court found that the Texas school finance system violated the Fourteenth Amendment. The State appealed to the Supreme Court. Case Summary San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez (1973) argued that education was a “fundamental right” implied in the Constitution and that poor Hispanic families were being treated as a “suspect class” due to financial disparities between wealthy and poor school districts. The argument was that this inequality of funding between school district’s violated the Equal Protection Clause. The State contended that education was not an Federal enumerated power, therefore it was reserved to the State and that included financial decisions. Court’s Decision The Court found in a 5-4 ruling that this was not a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment because education is not a guarantee...
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...Shear Box Report Abstract This repot describes the Shear Box test based on two types of soil that are loose soil and dense soil. The test has shown that the use of dry river sand under different densities to underestimate the shear strength parameters, the soil cohesion and the angle of friction with regard to the relationship between soil density and shear strength. Introduction The aim of the Shear box test was to determine the shear strength of sand using the shear box teat, and to investigate the effect of soil density on the strength. The shear strength of a soil is its resistance to shearing stresses. It is a measure of the soil resistance to deformation by continuous displacement of its individual soil particles. To investigate more about the behavior of the soil, a Mohr-coulomb theory has been introduced. This theory states that a material fails because of a critical combination of normal stress and shear stress, and not from their either maximum normal or shear stress alone. the limiting shear stress( the shear strength, t) that may be applied to any plane in the soil mass is found to be given by an equation of the form： τ = c + σ tan(φ) where σ = normal stress on the failure plane φ = angle of friction c = (apparent) cohesion The parameters C and φ are not generally soil constants. They also depended on the use of total or effective stresses. In terms of effective stress the failure criterion is written: τ = σ' tan(φ') + c' ...
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...myths associated with the life and leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr. during the African-American Civil Rights movements of 1950s and 1960s and scrutinizes King’s depiction by the mass media as the sole significant leader of the struggle. It also examines the charismatic label associated with King’s name, his exceptional oratory skills and also his weaknesses as leader. The paper further discusses the contributions of King towards the civil rights struggle and also suggests us not to forget the contributions of leaders to the movement and the social factors which led to King’s rise. It also suggests some lessons we can learn from King’s life and relates his beliefs and methods to various scholarly works. Finally, it reflects upon the role of charismatic leadership and how it relates with transformational leadership styles in today’s business environment. About the Author This article which was originally published in the Journal of American History, 1987 is written by Dr. Clayborne Carson, who is a professor of American History at the Stanford University and is also the founding director of the Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute at Stanford University. Dr. Carson obtained his B.A. (1967), M.A. (1971) and Ph.D. (1975) degrees from University of California, Los Angeles. During his undergraduate years at UCLA, Dr. Carson participated in civil rights and antiwar protests and was also present, when King...
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...Lincoln High School IB History Internal Assessment Student Handbook Table of Contents What is the History IA? Planning Your Historical Investigation Examples of Types of Investigations Examples of Research Questions Choice of Topic 20th Century History of the Americas Alternative The Written Account & Assessment Criteria A. Plan of the Investigation B. Summary of Evidence C. Evaluation of Sources D. Analysis E. Conclusion F. Sources and Word Limit Sample History IAs 1Trotsky and the Russian Civil War 2US in Chile 3Women in the French Revolution 4PreWWI Alliances 4 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 14 1 2 2 3 4 10 16 Information in this guide is gathered from a variety of sources, including, but not limited to: The IB History Course Guide, Oxford’s IB Skills and Practice, IBOCC, and anecdotal experience. What is the History IA? The History IA is your chance to explore a period, theme, or event in history that you are interested in. For full IB Candidates, it also serves as 20% of your final History Grade. The final paper will be assessed by your teacher, with a sampling sent off to IB for score moderation. The History IA asks you to use the full range of skills you have been taught in class. In particular: ● knowledge and understanding ● application and interpretation ● synthesis and evaluation...
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...Human Rights Commission of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Official Complaint of the Government of Algoria Alleging Violation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights by Australia 31 December 2008 By Keely Boom LLB B Com GDLP PhD Candidate, University of Wollongong Legal Officer, Australian Climate Justice Program CONTENTS Contents I. Summary of Complaint 3 II. Complainant 3 III. Defendant 3 IV. Basis of Complaint 4 V. Jurisdiction 4 VI. Exhaustion of all available domestic remedies 7 VII. Facts submitted by the Government of Algoria 8 VIII. Alleged Violations of the ICCPR by Australia 12 A. The Right of Self-Determination 13 B. The Right to Life 14 C. The Right to Liberty of Movement and Freedom to Choose One’s Residence 15 D. Freedom from Arbitrary or Unlawful Interference with Privacy and Family 16 E. The Right to Culture 17 IX. Causation 17 X. Remedies sought 20 Explanatory Note 22 Summary of Complaint 1. The State of Algoria complains that Australia is failing to fulfil its existing obligations under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights[1] (“ICCPR”) due to its historical and continuing contribution to anthropogenic climate change and its associated impacts upon the human rights and fundamental freedoms recognised in ICCPR as held by the citizens of the State of Algoria. 2. The State of Algoria makes this Complaint in accordance with interstate...
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..."Rock Around the Clock" "Rock Around the Clock" is a rock and roll song written in 1952. And the version that we have just listened to was recorded by Bill Haley and His Comets in 1954. Compared with the first recording by another band and the various cover versions afterwards, Haley recording is considered as to be the best-known and most successful rendition of the song. When first released in the spring of 1954, it gained only limited sales. However, the song was popularized by its use in the social commentary film “Blackboard Jungle” in 1955 and became an anthem for the rebellious Fifties youth. Haley's recording of "Rock Around the Clock" is generally labeled to be the song that, more than any other, brought rock and roll into mainstream culture around the world. Popular music of the 1950s When the 1950s are mentioned, the first type of music to come to most people's minds is rock 'n roll. But music in the fifties was more than just rock 'n roll. The early 1950s era Pop music focusd on the song’s story and emotional delivery and was essentially a continuation of the crooner sound of the previous decade. Crooner sound refers to the sentimental songs, especially the love songs of the 1930s and 1940s It was not until the middle of the decade, Rock and roll entered the mainstream and became a major force in American record sales. And with a series of network television appearances and chart-topping records, popular artists such as Bill Haley, Elvis Presley...
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...CIVIL WAR EVENTS - the Brest Litovsk Treaty (March 1918) was negotiated by Trotsky….he and he Bolsheivks wanted the int’l rev to spread and so from their vantage point the treaty were “stalling tactics”…the treaty gave up Poland, Baltics, and all territory in the North that Russia had gained since 1618…all told 1.3 mill km2, 26% of her people and 75% of her iron and capacity…needless to say Lenin had hard time “selling” the Treaty - the October coup d’état = “beginning of the Revolution” not end….Bolsheviks in the provinces + the centre had to be decide how to handle local Soviets which asserted authority but happened to be dominated by Mensheviks. - long difficult struggles against anarchy, decentralization + separatist tendencies lay ahead – the future form of gov’t = an “open question” - for Lenin, “Dictatorship of proletariat” was what the revolution needed…now this was a slogan and principle that fit into the circumstances of the winter 1917–1918…but, what did it mean?...it meant: a) crushing counter revolution of the old ruling class – the dictatorship would have to have coercive organs like Tsarist police (i.e. the Bolsheviks would assemble the Cheka) b) that the dictatorship of Bolshevik Party and other political parties was incompatible…and would pose problems c) that giving broad powers to unions + factory committees could in itself be problematic… what if worker ideas differed from Bolsheviks? Problems for the Bolsheviks 1) one underlying problem came...
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...Amin Mudarres Slavery and freedom: The American paradox. 9/17/2015 From freedom of speech to bringing a concealed firearm into a church, Americans today are quick to reference their favorite colonial ancestors in defending the rights and freedoms our founding fathers fought for. But what is seldom referenced or quoted is how one fifth of the population at the time of the revolution enjoyed none of those rights. For Edmund Morgan, American slavery and American freedom go hand in hand. He points out how many historians have ignored writing about the early development of American independence simply to avoid the fact that it was almost entirely shaped by the rise of slavery. He challenges that notion and looks further in explaining how such...
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...Charles Dickens The Cultural context during the Victorian period and the Education Act of 1870 Before 1870, education was largely unregulated and emerged in various forms such as the dame schools and charity schools. Dame schools were run by women who had little or no educational training themselves and were unsanitary, sometimes exploitative businesses where working-class children were taught basic literacy in overcrowded classes. The charity schools movement ensured basic education for children of low income families. These schools were run and owned by private individuals and were financed partly by student subscriptions and partly by endowments. The curriculum was based on strict moral and religious discipline, lessons were often taught from the Bible and students learned to be submissive and accept their lowly position in society. The upper and middle class sent their male children to expensive public (private) boarding schools and to college to become gentlemen, future heads of industry, finance and business, or top-rank civil servants to be employed throughout the Empire, in other words the future ruling class. Upper and middle-class girls were closely guarded by their parents till marriage and were generally educated at home by a governess. They had to hand their property and money over to their husbands on marriage and their only means of earning an independent living was through teaching or writing. They were only expected to read novels and learn embroidering, singing...
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...of the article: «5 Lessons From the Rise of the BRICs» Veronika Kozachok 4th Group Kyiv – 2014 5 Lessons From the Rise of the BRICs DEREK THOMPSON AND MAX FISHER Learning from the successes and stumbles of the world's great rising economies In 2001, Jim O'Neill, the chairman of Goldman Sachs asset management, famously predicted the four fastest-growing emerging markets for the decade. We know that foursome by the acronym BRIC: Brazil, Russia, India, and China. That the economic world remembers his prediction owes as much to the handiness of the acronym as it does to the accuracy of his forecast. China, India, and Brazil are among the most dynamic and exciting emerging powers in the world. Indeed, to call them "emerging" feels like a slight. India is the world's largest county, China the world's largest manufacturer, and Brazil the Western Hemisphere's most vibrant expanding consumer economy. (Russia, the runt of the group, is beset by awful demographics and a weak private sector outside of its natural resources). As investors and economic analysts cast about for the next batch of high-growth markets, let's pause to recall the lessons from the BRICs: (1) Work on the middle-income transition plan; (2) Trade, trade, trade; (3) state capitalism can work; (4) corruption kills; (5) strong civil society matters. (1) THE RISE OF THE MIDDLE CLASS Perhaps the broadest lesson from the emergence of the BRICs is that no rise is complete without the triumph of the...
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...SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS J. Sebastian Smith The Bahamas October 2011 Title Strategic Implications from the People’s Republic of China’s Influence in the Americas: Potential Consequences facing the United States, Brazil &Venezuela Abstract This research seeks to examine the strategic implications facing the United States of America’s due to its benign interest in the Caribbean and Latin America (Americas) given the People’s Republic of China (China) increasing economic interest in the region. It is intended to first define the current security environment of the Americas and the relations between Brazil and Venezuela with that of the United States of America (United States) and China. Thereafter, China’s economic and domestic agenda in the Americas will be examined with hypotheses of the emerging global power potential growth success, challenges or possible collapse in her foreign policy. The likely consequences facing Brazil, Venezuela and the United States will also be examined. The assessment will be done across a continuum of China’s realized economic growth, development of hostile relations due to competition for scarce energy sources or possible collapse due to the country’s internal problems. Finally, the research seeks to encourage proactive thinking by the United States on China’s increasing political and...
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