...Echtelt Eindhoven Centre for Innovation Studies/Institute for Purchasing & Supply Development, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513 - 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands Tel. +31 40 2473841, Fax +31 40 2465949, j.y.f.wynstra@tm.tue.nl, f.e.a.v.echtelt@tm.tue.nl Abstract This paper presents a critical literature review concerning the effects of involving suppliers in product development, the critical processes underlying the management of this involvement and the potential driving and enabling factors for managing supplier involvement in product development. Together they constitute the building blocks for a ‘input-throughput-output’ model that helps in understanding the crucial elements of how to manage supplier involvement in product development. This model draws on our previous work in this area, but focuses more clearly on the ‘inputs’ and ‘outputs’ of managing supplier involvement. Introduction to managing supplier integration in product development Literature on product innovation has been pervasively trying to distil the key ingredients for company success. Many of the internal and external actors that are involved in product development - and the interfaces between them - have been subjects of research. Especially the interface between R&D on the one side and marketing and customers on the other side has been investigated (Souder and Chakrabarti 1978; Souder 1988; Griffin and Hauser 1996; Sherman et al. 2000). Compared to this body of literature, the role of suppliers in...
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...Hybrid Cars IQP A Study on Hybrid Cars: Environmental Effects and Consumer Habits An Interactive Qualifying Project to be submitted to the faculty of Worcester Polytechnic Institute in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science. Submitted By: Michael Beliveau James Rehberger Jonathan Rowell Alyssa Xarras Submitted to: Submitted: 28 April 2010 Project Advisor: Prof. Chickery Kasouf 1 Hybrid Cars IQP Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................ 4 Abstract ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 1. Chapter 2. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 9 Literature Review ................................................................................................................ 12 2.1 Environmental Effects ....................................................................................................................... 12 2.2 Emissions ............................................
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...many years. Originally known as Russian America because it was owned by Russia, the origin of the name Alaska is a misconception from the first Russian explorers to venture into Alaskan waters (the original Aleut word "alaxsxaq" literally meaning "object toward which the action of the sea is directed"[Alaska]). When the United States bought Alaska, even though the price was only two cents an acre, it was known for many years as “Seward’s Folly” or “Seward’s Icebox”, after William Seward, the Secretary of State who was primarily responsible for pushing the purchase from Russia through Congress. In the early days Alaska’s brand image was mostly negative. It was known as the “Frozen North”, the “land of ice and snow”, the “land without summer”. Many of these images are from the stories and poetry of Robert Service, Jack London and their contemporaries. A good example of this writing is the poem “Cremation of Sam McGee”— see appendix II, (Service). All these extreme brand images dominated perceptions of Alaska prior to the discovery of gold in the Klondike in the late 1800s. After gold was discovered these negative perceptions were softened somewhat, though they remained rather negative—in large part due to the difficulty of living in the far north. Our Brand Survey We did a brand audit of Alaska to see how well Alaska has worked past these harsh criticisms. To accomplish this we surveyed local Alaskans, people from the “Lower 48”, and a few international people. Most...
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...Asia-Pacific Research and Training Network on Trade Working Paper Series, No. 99, April 2011 Utility of Regional Trade Agreements: Experience from India’s Regionalism by Sejuti Jha* * PhD Scholar, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, New Delhi. The author is grateful to Biswajit Nag, Rajan Sudesh Ratna and Mia Mikic for valuable comments. The paper benefited from the comments received from the participants at the second Empirical Issues in International Trade and Finance conference, organized by IIFT at New Delhi, 16-17 December 2010. The opinion, figures and estimates are the sole responsibility of the author and should not be considered as reflecting the views or carrying the approval of the United Nations, ARTNeT and the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade. Any errors are the responsibility of the author, who can be contacted at sejuti.jha@gmail.com. The Asia-Pacific Research and Training Network on Trade (ARTNeT) is aimed at building regional trade policy and facilitation research capacity in developing countries. The ARTNeT Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about trade issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. ARTNeT working papers are available online at www.artnetontrade.org. All material in the working papers may be freely quoted or reprinted, but acknowledgment is requested, together with a copy of the publication containing...
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...Economic Impact of Mega Sporting Events on Host countries Nitika Mangal Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Chapter 1: Introduction 4 Chapter 2: Aim and Objectives 5 Chapter 3: Literature Review 6 Chapter 4: Analysis 1 - Economic Impact of Atlanta 1996 Olympics 9 Positive Impact 9 Negative Impact 10 Chapter 5: Analysis 2 - Economic Impact of Sydney 2000 Olympics 12 Positive Impact 12 Negative Impact 14 Chapter 6: Analysis 3 - Economic Impact of Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics 16 Positive Impact 16 Negative Impact 18 Chapter 7: Analysis 4 - Economic Impact of FIFA 2010 World Cup, SA 20 Positive Impact 20 Negative Impact 21 Chapter 8: Analysis 5 - Economic Impact of FIFA 2014 World Cup, Brazil 23 Positive Impact 23 Negative Impact 24 Chapter 9: Overall Critical Analysis of Mega Sporting Events 26 Olympics 26 FIFA World Cup 29 Chapter 10: Challenges in Calculating Economic Impact 31 Chapter 11: Conclusion 34 References 35 Chapter 1: Introduction Hosting a sporting event, and that too a mega-sporting event is considered to be a proud moment in the history of any country. It is hard to provide a clear and well defined meaning for the term mega-event, as its difference from a normal event is not just dependent on the number of actual participants. It needs the fulfillment of many different factors...
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...The Local Food Movement Benefits Farms, Food Production, Environment The Local Food Movement, 2010 Pallavi Gogoi is a writer for BusinessWeek Online. She frequently writes on retailing. Just as small family-run, sustainable farms were losing their ability to compete in the food marketplace, the local food movement stepped in with a growing consumer demand for locally grown, organic, fresh produce. In addition to supermarket giants following the trend toward locally grown food and devoting shelf space to such items, local foods are also finding their way into schools, office cafeterias, and even prisons. Although the trend toward organic foods has not waned, consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact caused when organic foods must travel to find their way to the local grocery store shelf. For this and other reasons, consumers are opting instead for locally grown counterparts, choosing to eat what is available in each season in their areas rather than purchasing food that must be shipped from other regions. Drive through the rolling foothills of the Appalachian range in southwestern Virginia and you'll come across Abingdon, one of the oldest towns west of the Blue Ridge Mountains. If it happens to be a Saturday morning, you might think there's a party going on—every week between 7 a.m. and noon, more than 1,000 people gather in the parking lot on Main Street, next to the police station. This is Abingdon's farmers' market. "For folks here, this is part of the Saturday...
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...Canadian International Council Strengthening the Non-Proliferation Regime: The Role of Coercive Sanctions Author(s): T. V. Paul Source: International Journal, Vol. 51, No. 3, Nuclear Politics (Summer, 1996), pp. 440-465 Published by: Canadian International Council Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40203123 Accessed: 30/11/2010 19:58 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=cic. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Canadian International Councilis collaborating...
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...Telling Tales: how to sell an electric car in a petrol market The story of the G-Wiz Keith Johnston, October 2011 Table of Contents Gentlemen, start your motors P2 October 2011 P4 How it all started P5 A new approach to car retailing P9 Right people, right places P13 A remarkable community P16 Spreading the word P17 The power of storytelling P25 Accolades P28 Introducing the concept of Verbal Identity P31 Taking the high – and highly visible – ground P34 Polarising opinion P36 The bully in the playground P38 What the media said P42 G-Wiz customers have their say P50 The future P54 Appendix: A brief history of electric vehicles P57 The truth about electric vehicles: - The emissions debate P60 -Why we need electric vehicles P62 The people behind the brand P67 Final thoughts P70 “Keith has given us a unique insight into the creation of an iconic brand which became a household name in record time. What is particularly pleasing is that unlike some others, this was no accident or even timing bubble, it was very well thought through, planned and executed. Not many can claim to have earned a whole chapter in the future text books of their chosen profession. Keith Johnston, his backers and the whole G-Wiz team have done just that and a great deal more.” Iain Sanderson, founder and chairman, Lightning Electric car Company. “GoinGreen redefined the concept of investing in a car. These guys have put their heart and soul into these cars. In everything they write and every...
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...“Evaluation of Entry into Ice cream Business for Unilever Bangladesh Limited” Submitted to Sharmin Shabnam Rahman Lecturer BRAC Business School BRAC University Submitted by Md. Robin Miah Id# 06204032 BRAC University Date: 02-09-2010 September 2, 2010 SHARMIN SHABNAM RAHMAN Lecture BRAC Business School BRAC University Subject: Submission of Internship Report Dear Madam, This is to inform you that I am submitting the internship project report titled “Evaluation of Entry into Ice cream Business for Unilever Bangladesh Limited” upon completion of my formal internship attachment period from May 06, 2010 to July 06, 2010 with Unilever Bangladesh Limited. I would like to thank you and show my gratitude for your support and guidance that you provided me during the preparation of this report. Without your help it would have been impossible for me to prepare this report. I would like also show my gratitude to my Company supervisor MD. Risalat Siddique, Brand Manager, UBL for his support during my internship period. I have tried to discuss all the relevant points of a feasibility study while keeping consistency with Unilever Bangladesh Limited’s information confidentiality policy. I would be glad to clarify any discrepancy that may arise or any clarification that you may require regarding my project and report. Sincerely, ________________________ MD. ROBIN MIAH ID#06204032 BRAC University ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to show my sincere gratitude...
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...Sustainable Tourism Cooperative Research Centre’s Monograph series, these reports have not been subjected to an external peer review process. As such, the scientific accuracy and merit of the research reported here is the responsibility of the authors, who should be contacted for clarification of any content. Author contact details are at the back of this report. National Library of Australia Cataloguing in Publication Data Dwyer, Larry. Megatrends underpinning tourism to 2020: analysis of key drivers for change. Bibliography. ISBN 9781920965525. 1. Tourism - Economic aspects - Australia. 2. Tourism - Social aspects - Australia. 3. Tourism - Political aspects - Australia. 4. Tourism - Environmental aspects - Australia. 5. Tourism - Australia. I. Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Tourism. II. Title. 338.47910994 Copyright © CRC for Sustainable Tourism Pty Ltd 2008 All rights reserved. Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of study, research, criticism or review as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part of this book may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the publisher. Any enquiries should be directed to: General Manager Communications & Industry Extension, Amber Brown [amber.brown@crctourism.com.au] or Publishing Manager, Brooke Pickering [brooke.pickering@crctourism.com.au]. Acknowledgements The Sustainable Tourism Cooperative Research Centre, an Australian Government initiative, funded this research. The...
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...Transport policy in 2011: a new direction? RESEARCH PAPER 11/22 2 March 2011 This paper outlines the changes made to transport policy by the Conservative-Liberal Democrat Coalition Government and looks at some of the long term transport challenges the government is likely to face over the course of this Parliament. It complements and updates House of Commons research paper 10/28, Transport policy in 2010: a rough guide. Louise Butcher Matthew Keep Recent Research Papers 11/05 Social Indicators 18.01.11 11/06 Scotland Bill [Bill 115 of 2010-11] 19.01.11 11/07 Estates of Deceased Persons (Forfeiture Rule and Law of 19.01.11 Succession) Bill [Bill 8 of 2010-11] 11/08 Unemployment by Constituency, January 2011 19.01.11 11/09 Fixed-term Parliaments Bill: Commons Stages 21.01.11 11/10 UK Defence and Security Policy: A New Approach? 21.01.11 11/11 Health and Social Care Bill [Bill 132 of 2010-11] 27.01.11 11/12 Economic Indicators, February 2011 01.02.11 11/13 Anonymity (Arrested Persons) Bill [Bill 9 of 2010-11] 02.02.11 11/14 Education Bill [Bill 137 of 2010-11] 03.02.11 11/15 Budget Responsibility and National Audit Bill [HL] 08.02.11 [Bill 143 of 2010-11] 11/16 The Local Government Finance Settlement 2011-13 08.02.11 11/17 Legislation (Territorial Extent) Bill [Bill 10 of 2010-11] 08.02.11 11/18 Wash-up 2010 11.02.11 11/19 Unemployment...
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...and its Implementation in Forest Industries Jari Kärnä Academic Dissertation To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Helsinki for public defence in Auditorium XII of the University main building Aleksanterinkatu 5, on Friday 11th April 2003 at 12 o'clock. Environmental Marketing Strategy and its Implementation in Forest Industries Academic Dissertation Opponent: Professor Juha S. Niemelä Seinäjoki Institute for Rural Research and Training University of Helsinki juha.s.niemela@helsinki.fi Supervisor: Professor Heikki Juslin Department of Forest Economics University of Helsinki heikki.juslin@helsinki.fi Pre-examiners: Professor Hanna Pesonen School of Business and Economics University of Jyväskylä hpesonen@tase.jyu.fi Professor Harri Westermarck Department of Economics University of Helsinki harri.westermarck@helsinki.fi Author's address: Jari Kärnä Finnish Forest Research Institute, Vantaa Research Centre PO Box 18, FIN-01301 Vantaa jari.karna@metla.fi ISBN 952-10-0963-2 (paperback) ISBN 952-10-0964-0 (pdf) ISSN 1236-6226 http://ethesis.helsinki.fi Hakapaino, Helsinki 2003 2 Abstrakti Väitöskirja käsittelee ympäristöasioiden integrointia metsäteollisuusyritysten ja heidän teollisten asiakkaidensa markkinoinnin suunnitteluun. Tutkimus koostuu neljästä julkaistusta ja kahdesta julkaistavaksi hyväksytystä tieteellisestä artikkelista sekä yhteenveto-osasta, jossa tarkastellaan ekologista...
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...our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction,...
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...Changing Behavior: Insights and Applications Annette Frahm, project manager Dave Galvin Gail Gensler Gail Savina Anne Moser December 1995 Revised June 2001 Local Hazardous Waste Management Program in King County King County Water Pollution Control Division 130 Nickerson St., Suite 100 Seattle, Washington 98109 (206) 263-3050; haz.waste@metrokc.gov Prog-3(12/95)rev.6/01 Introduction Have you ever tried to get a smoker to stop? A kid to start wearing a bike helmet? An aerosol user to switch? Changing behavior is both art and science, and much can be learned from others’ attempts to change behavior that can make our work more effective. A project team at the Local Hazardous Waste Management Program in King County, Washington, spent several months in 1995 reading behavior change literature from energy conservation, recycling, health education and other fields, looking for insights. We distilled many of the principles found in the literature into workshops for staff, hoping to make their efforts to change business’ and the public’s hazardous waste behavior more effective. At the workshops, we presented some key behavior change principles, a panel shared their insights, and staff worked through an exercise to learn how to apply the principles to their work. This report summarizes our findings and includes examples from field experience. A key insight from the project is that information alone is not enough to change behavior. As government workers, we often try to...
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...Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh: International Management, Sixth Edition Back Matter Endnotes © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2005 Endnotes ■ Chapter 1 1. J. Whalen and B. Bahree. “How BP Learned to Trust Ally That Once Burned It,” Wall Street Journal, February 27, 2003, p. A4; “BP Won’t Abandon Driving Forces,” Wall Street Journal, November 27, 2003, p. A7. “Dell Set to Create More Than 100 Full-Time Jobs in Bray,” Irish Times, August 17, 2002, p. 15. Peter Landers, “Foreign Aid: Why Some Sony Gear Is Made in Japan,” Wall Street Journal, June 14, 2001, p. A1. Barnaby J. Feder, “IBM Beats Earnings Expectations Again,” New York Times, January 17, 2003, p. C4. Peter Landers, “Volkswagen and GM Racked Up Strong Sales in China in 2003,” Wall Street Journal, January 6, 2004, p. A3. Peralte C. Paul, “Daimler Bails Out of Deal,” Atlanta JournalConstitution, September 24, 2003, p. A1. Nicholas Itano, “GM Returns 10 Years After End of Apartheid,” New York Times, January 30, 2004, p. W1. Saritha Rai, “A Giant So Big It’s a Proxy for India’s Economy,” New York Times, June 6, 2004, p. W1. Ibid. WTO, “World Trade 2003, Prospects for 2004; Stronger Than Expected Growth Spurs Modest Trade Recovery,” WTO Press Release 373, April 5, 2004, p. 1. Ibid. Thomas Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1999). Jonathan P. Doh and Hildy Teegen, Globalization and NGOs: Transforming Business, Government, and Society (Westport, CT: Praeger,...
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