...HAWKERS AND THE URBAN INFORMAL SECTOR: A STUDY OF STREET VENDING IN SEVEN CITIES Prepared by Sharit K. Bhowmik for National Alliance of Street Vendors of India (NASVI) Section I: Introduction This report is based on a study of hawkers and street vendors conducted in seven cities in India. It was initiated by the National Alliance of Street Vendors of India (NASVI) and as such it is not merely an academic exercise in understanding the problems of this section of the work force. The purpose of this study is two-fold. Firstly, it tries to objectively understand the problems of street vendors in urban areas. Its scope is not restricted to street vendors alone but it tries to relate the profession in the wider urban context by examining the legal status of hawkers, their contribution to the urban economy, the problems they face, the perceptions of the urban population towards them, and the their position in urban society. Secondly, based on the above information this report attempts to examine and understand the problems faced by the street vendors and the possible means of overcoming these. In most Indian cities the urban poor survive by working in the informal sector. Poverty and lack of gainful employment in the rural areas and in the smaller towns drive large numbers of people to the cities for work and livelihood. These people generally possess low skills and lack the level of education required for the better paid jobs in the organised sector. Besides, permanent protected...
Words: 18902 - Pages: 76
...An Analytical Study On Covert Advertising : Product Placement In Indian Cinema Prachi Singh Mats University, Raipur (C.G) E-mail: prachi.rajeev@gmail.com marketing objectives. It is a cost effective means of gaining global media exposure with unlimited viewer impressions also it is a unique way to familiarize consumer with brand and product lines and connect to customers with the added benefit of association with blockbuster film, hit TV show, and/or celebrity. The advertising and marketing industry worldwide is in the throes of a serious problem. It is becoming increasingly difficult to grab eyeballs and break through the clutter. The average consumer is bombarded with messages every second which have led to him becoming immune to any sort of communication attempt being made by marketers. The resistance shown by the consumers has forced advertisers and marketers to think beyond conventional means of advertising. This is where product placement comes into the picture. Product placement defined : Product placement--also known as product brand placement, in-program sponsoring, branded entertainment, or product integration--is a marketing practice in advertising and promotion wherein a brand name, product, package, signage, or other trademark merchandise is inserted into and used contextually in a motion picture, television, or other media vehicle for commercial purposes. In product placement, the involved audience gets exposed to the brands and products during the natural process...
Words: 5598 - Pages: 23
...AND OBJECTIVES FROM ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS TO INDUSTRY ANALYSIS THE DETERMINANTS OF INDUSTRY PROFIT: DEMAND AND COMPETITION ANALYZING INDUSTRY ATTRACTIVENESS Porter’s Five Forces of Competition Framework Competition from Substitutes Threat of Entry Rivalry Between Established Competitors Bargaining Power of Buyers Bargaining Power of Suppliers APPLYING INDUSTRY ANALYSIS Describing Industry Structure Forecasting Industry Profitability Strategies to Alter Industry Structure 66 INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES 67 n n n n DEFINING INDUSTRIES: WHERE TO DRAW THE BOUNDARIES Industries and Markets Defining Markets: Substitution in Demand and Supply FROM INDUSTRY ATTRACTIVENESS TO COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: IDENTIFYING KEY SUCCESS FACTORS SUMMARY NOTES INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES In this chapter and the next we explore the external environment of the firm. In Chapter 1 we observed that profound understanding of the competitive environment is a critical ingredient of a successful strategy. We further noted that business strategy is essentially a quest for profit. The primary task for this chapter is to identify the sources of profit in the external environment. The firm’s proximate environment is its industry environment; hence the focus of...
Words: 14708 - Pages: 59
...AND OBJECTIVES FROM ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS TO INDUSTRY ANALYSIS THE DETERMINANTS OF INDUSTRY PROFIT: DEMAND AND COMPETITION ANALYZING INDUSTRY ATTRACTIVENESS Porter’s Five Forces of Competition Framework Competition from Substitutes Threat of Entry Rivalry Between Established Competitors Bargaining Power of Buyers Bargaining Power of Suppliers APPLYING INDUSTRY ANALYSIS Describing Industry Structure Forecasting Industry Profitability Strategies to Alter Industry Structure 66 INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES 67 n n n n DEFINING INDUSTRIES: WHERE TO DRAW THE BOUNDARIES Industries and Markets Defining Markets: Substitution in Demand and Supply FROM INDUSTRY ATTRACTIVENESS TO COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: IDENTIFYING KEY SUCCESS FACTORS SUMMARY NOTES INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES In this chapter and the next we explore the external environment of the firm. In Chapter 1 we observed that profound understanding of the competitive environment is a critical ingredient of a successful strategy. We further noted that business strategy is essentially a quest for profit. The primary task for this chapter is to identify the sources of profit in the external environment. The firm’s proximate environment is its industry environment; hence the focus of...
Words: 14781 - Pages: 60
...A Project on “A study on consumer preference & usage pattern of cosmetic products in Ahmedabad region” Submitted To: Prof. Nishtha Asrani Submitted By: Deepak kerai Hitesh Asalaliya Class: PGDM- I Batch: 2013-15 NR Institute of Business Management- PGDM Opp, Law Garden, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad – 380006, India Phone: 26447636 Fax: 26445958 Website: www.nribm.org CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Mr. Deepak kerai & Hitesh asalaliya Roll No. (P-1322 & P-1302) student of NR Institute of Business Management- PGDM have successfully completed their Summer Internship Project on “A study on consumer preference & usage pattern of cosmetic products in Ahmedabad region” in partial fulfillment for the requirements of the PGDM program. This is their original work and has not been submitted elsewhere. Date: ________________ Place: Ahmedabad Terminology used in report • HDPE Bottles (High-Density Polyethylene) This type of bottles contain very high density type of products and will be harmful to someone if it will pour without safety. So this package will definitely need a safety eye on this. • PET Bottles (Polyethylene Terephthalate) This type of PET bottles contain normally a liquid which is to be used for our cosmetics. And this type of bottles comes in different type of pack. • Mat Pat Carton This...
Words: 13220 - Pages: 53
...|Registration No. | |Gopakumar Nair |GMITE 22 | |Jijo Mathew |GMI | Name Registration no. Gopakumar Nair GMITE 22 Jijo Mathew Rajesh Nair [pic] Executive Summary From the conception level to the launch of a product/service and then to sustain and enhance market acceptability, each product /service follows certain marketing techniques. Marketing strategies decide the futuresucess of a product, be it services or a new product, it is the strategies adopted to identify the customers, positioning and pricing of the product which determines the life of the product in the market. In this paper we have researched on some of the Innovative strategies successfully employed by automobile companies for new customer creation This document is a study about those marketing nuances which are required in the life cycle of every product /service. The three main marketing strategies that are discussed in this paper are Different marketing methodologies like A. traditional methodRed Ocean Strategy- Compete in the existing market space andB.. Blue Ocean strategy-Create uncontested market Space and C.Ccustomer co creation- Customers co-create...
Words: 12298 - Pages: 50
...------------------------------------------------- Strategic Management ------------------------------------------------- David Jones [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Introduction 4 Business Environment Analysis 5 Macro Environment 5 Economic Factors 6 Environmental Factors 7 Legal factors 7 Technology Factors 8 Societal values and lifestyles 8 Micro Environment 9 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 9 Bargaining Power of Customer 10 Threat New entrants 10 Rivalry firms 11 Substitute Products 11 Internal environment analysis 12 Core Competencies 12 Strategies and Implementation 14 E-commerce Strategy 14 Pricing strategy 15 Differentiating strategy 16 Location strategy 16 Challenges facing Business environment 17 Uncertainty 17 Unemployment 17 Recommendation 18 Conclusion 19 Executive Summary The purpose of this report is to identify and explain the core concepts of strategic management of a retail industry, David Jones. In conducting this research, academic journals, textbooks, David Jones’ company reports and online news are used as the sources of information. This report analyses the external environments such as macro-environment and industry environment as well as examine the internal core competencies, using PESTEL model and Porter’s Five Factors. Moreover, core strategies and their application will...
Words: 5137 - Pages: 21
...Business Benefits to Hewlett-Packard Suppliers from Socially and Environmentally Responsible (SER) Practices in China A Case Study November 2008 By: Sonali Rammohan Socially and Environmentally Responsible Supply Chains Program Global Supply Chain Management Forum Stanford Graduate School of Business Business Benefits to Hewlett-Packard Suppliers from Socially and Environmentally Responsible (SER) Practices in China Executive Summary In recent years, the electronics industry has made important improvements in social and environmental responsibility (SER) conformance among first-tier suppliers, due in part to the standardization of SER practices set forth in the Electronics Industry Code of Conduct (EICC). Hewlett-Packard (HP), the first company in the industry to implement a Supplier Code of Conduct, has taken a comprehensive approach Delta Electronics Delta Electronics by educating suppliers on how to achieve compliance, conducting individual audits and third-party joint audits, and emphasizing continuous improvement. This approach is being disseminated now to sub-tier suppliers, which should improve standards throughout HP’s supply chain. What should motivate suppliers to achieve full SER compliance? Are there business benefits to meeting and exceeding minimum standards? This paper explores the business case for SER by looking at the operations of three HP suppliers with significant operations in China — Flextronics, AU Optronics (AUO), and Delta...
Words: 7770 - Pages: 32
...President Chain Store Corporation 2011 CSR Report President Chain Store Corporation 2011 CSR Report www.7-11.com.tw 7-ELEVEN 2011 CSR REPORT Content About This Report h i s re p o r t e n c o m p a s s e s t h e v i e w s a n d strategies of President Chain Store Corp. (PCSC) concerning key issues of sustainability in the retail industry and displays our current results and future plans, thereby providing a channel to communicate with our stakeholders. Meanwhile, we view this report as a strategic means of self-review and –assessment so that all results will produce a rolling multiplier effect, gradually achieving the ultimate goal of a happy enterprise and society. The 2011 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) repor t is the first to be issued by the PCSC in accordance with the Global Report Initiative’s thirdgeneration criteria (GRI G3). Its contents are based primarily on data from 2009 to 2010 (from Jan. 1st, 2009 to Dec. 31st, 2010), with B-Level application status and organization boundaries established according to the consolidated-statement principle. The primary scope of the performance presented in the current report is limited to PCSC operations in Taiwan. Data from other subsidiary companies are expected to be included gradually in future reports so as to present more complete information and carry out the verification of report. Content • Reporting Principles The core of this 2011 President Chain Store Corp. CSR report is ”Happiness,” with a...
Words: 27495 - Pages: 110
...MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS To Caroline, Arthur, Dan and Becky MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS JOHN EGAN Australia G Canada G Mexico G Singapore G Spain G United Kingdom G United States Marketing Communications John Egan Publishing Director John Yates Production Editor Lucy Mills Typesetter Newgen, India Text Design Design Deluxe Ltd, Bath, UK Publisher Jennifer Pegg Manufacturing Manager Helen Mason Production Controller Maeve Healy Printer Rotolito Lombarda S.p.A. Italy Development Editor Tom Rennie Marketing Executive Leo Stanley Cover Design www.mulcaheydesign.co.uk Copyright © 2007 Thomson Learning The Thomson logo is a registered trademark used herein under licence. For more information, contact Thomson Learning High Holborn House 50-51 Bedford Row London WC1R 4LR or visit us on the World Wide Web at: http://www.thomsonlearning.co.uk This edition published 2007 by Thomson Learning. All rights reserved by Thomson Learning 2007. The text of this publication, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced or transmited in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, storage in an information retrieval system, or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. Every effort has been made to trace all the copyright holders, but if any have been inadvertently overlooked the publisher will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. Please contact the...
Words: 39131 - Pages: 157
...your research project your research project a step-by-step guide for the first-time researcher NICHOLAS WALLIMAN with Bousmaha Baiche SAGE Publications London • Thousand Oaks • New Delhi To my wife, Ursula © Nicholas Walliman 2001 Chapter 2 © Dr Bousmaha Baiche 2001 First published 2001 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. SAGE Publications Ltd 6 Bonhill Street London EC2A 4PU SAGE Publications Inc 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd 32, M-Block Market Greater Kailash – I New Delhi 110 048 British Library Cataloguing in Publication data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 7619 6538 6 ISBN 0 7619 6539 4 (pbk) Library of Congress catalog record available Typeset by Keystroke, Jacaranda Lodge, Wolverhampton. Printed in Great Britain by The Cromwell Press Ltd, Trowbridge, Wiltshire CONTENTS Acknowledgements Introduction 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Research and the Research Problem Information...
Words: 136496 - Pages: 546
...[Transcriber's Notes] Original "misspellings" such as "fulness" are unchanged. Unfamiliar (to me) words are defined on the right side of the page in square brackets. For example: abstemious diet [abstemious = Eating and drinking in moderation.] The blandness of contemporary (2006) speech would be relieved by the injection of some of these gems: "phraseological quagmire" "Windy speech which hits all around the mark like a drunken carpenter." [End Transcriber's Notes] BY GRENVILLE KLEISER HOW TO BUILD MENTAL POWER A book of thorough training for all the faculties of the mind. Octa cloth, $3.00, net; by mail, $3.16. HOW TO SPEAK IN PUBLIC A practical self-instructor for lawyers, clergymen, teachers, businessmen, and others. Cloth, 543 pages, $1.50. net; by mail, $1.615. HOW TO DEVELOP SELF-CONFIDENCE IN SPEECH AND MANNER A book of practical inspiration: trains men to rise above mediocrity and fearthought to their great possibilities. Commended to ambitious men. Cloth. 320 pages, $1.50. net; by mail, $1.65. HOW TO DEVELOP POWER AND PERSONALITY IN SPEAKING Practical suggestions in English, word-building, imagination, memory conversation, and extemporaneous speaking. Cloth, 422 pages, $1.50 net; by mail, $1.65. HOW TO READ AND DECLAIM A course of instruction in reading and declamation which will develop graceful carriage, correct standing, and accurate enunciation; and will furnish abundant exercise in the use of the best examples...
Words: 82081 - Pages: 329
...ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM) IN THE NIGERIAN AEC INDUSTRY. A case study of selected firms. BY GYET, DAVID U11AT1038 PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (BSc.) DEGREE IN ARCHITECTURE AUGUST 2015 DECLARATION I hereby declare that the work in this project titled “ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM) IN THE NIGERIAN AEC INDUSTRY. A case study of selected firms.” has been performed by me in the department of Architecture, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria under the supervision of Arc A.S Salisu. The information derived from the literature has been duly acknowledged in the text and a list of references provided. No part of this project report was previously presented for another degree or diploma at this or any other institution. ____________________________ _______________________ Gyet David Date (U11AT1038) . CERTIFICATION This project report entitled “ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM) IN THE NIGERIAN AEC INDUSTRY. A case study of selected firms.” By GYET DAVID (U11AT1038) meets the regulations governing the award of the degree of Bachelor of Science in Architecture (BSc. Architecture) of Ahmadu Bello University, and is approved for...
Words: 12168 - Pages: 49
...v105 some people claim that the disadvantages of the car are more than the advantages,do you agree or dis the birth of cars have made an enormous change to our life.in the past,we travel from one place to another only by foot,nowaday,cars can do it .its goes withour saying that the invention of cars bring great benefit to all of us.but as proverb goes:no garden without weeds.car is not exception. owing a car has a lot of advantages.for one thing,car provide us the most convient way of transportation.we can get around freely without spenting a lot of time.emotionally,i always found driving is so exciting.for another,its the comfortable to drive a car.In winter.drivers always can stay warm and dry even in rainy whether,in addition,drivers are usually safe in their cars when they are out at night. Cars bring the human merits,their side-effects graudually come to the surface.firstly,to run a car need a lot of oil,which is getting less and less.the increasing number of cars contribute the lacking of energy.secondlly,as more and more cars are used,the traffic ecpecially in big cities is getting heaver and heavier,which lead to the serious social problem--traffic jam.in addition,the inceasing numbers of cars ,which excaust sent a huge quantities of carbon monoxide into atmosphere.it make the air of cities unbreathabe,it strip people contact with frensh air. therefore,the new energy should be explored to replace the oil so that our envionmental pollution can be avioded .and th...
Words: 29495 - Pages: 118
...Fifteen Thousand Useful Phrases 1 Fifteen Thousand Useful Phrases Fifteen Thousand Useful Phrases Project Gutenberg's Fifteen Thousand Useful Phrases, by Greenville Kleiser This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Fifteen Thousand Useful Phrases A Practical Handbook Of Pertinent Expressions, Striking Similes, Literary, Commercial, Conversational, And Oratorical Terms, For The Embellishment Of Speech And Literature, And The Improvement Of The Vocabulary Of Those Persons Who Read, Write, And Speak English Author: Greenville Kleiser Release Date: May 10, 2006 [EBook #18362] Language: English Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FIFTEEN THOUSAND USEFUL PHRASES *** Produced by Don Kostuch [Transcriber's Notes] Original "misspellings" such as "fulness" are unchanged. Fifteen Thousand Useful Phrases Unfamiliar (to me) words are defined on the right side of the page in square brackets. For example: abstemious diet [abstemious = Eating and drinking in moderation.] The blandness of contemporary (2006) speech would be relieved by the injection of some of these gems: "phraseological quagmire" "Windy speech which hits all around the mark like a drunken carpenter." [End Transcriber's Notes] BY GRENVILLE KLEISER HOW TO BUILD MENTAL POWER...
Words: 88663 - Pages: 355
