...Wichita Confronts Contamination Conlan, From Cooperative to Opportunistic Federalism Case 3 February 12, 2014 This week’s case study concerns the discovery of a contamination problem in Wichita’s downtown commercial and residential area. The case discusses what steps were taken to remedy the situation that were the most efficient and cost effective. The content area addressed by this week’s readings and case are focused on intergovernmental relations. Intergovernmental relationship is important to public administration because different levels of government offices need to work together to fulfill objectives that benefit the public. It is more beneficial to everyone involved for administrations to coordinate and collaborate together to resolve problems. Federalism, in part, is the system where federal government and state governments work together to the same end. The case takes place in Wichita, Kansas, in the summer of 1990. Acting for the Environmental Protection Agency, the Kansas Department of Health and Environment reported the downtown business district was sitting on an underground polluted lake, six square miles in size and fifteen feet below the surface. The area was called the Gilbert-Mosley site because the Gilbert-Mosley intersection was near the center. The lake was full of hazardous, commercial and industrial chemicals that caused cancer and other health issues. This discovery was very problematic for the revitalization of the declining downtown...
Words: 1063 - Pages: 5
...This page intentionally left blank Office of Solid Waste And Emergency Response (5102G) EPA 542-R-04-015 September 2004 www.epa.gov/tio clu-in.org/marketstudy Cleaning Up the Nation’s Waste Sites: Markets and Technology Trends 2004 Edition This page intentionally left blank Notice Preparation of this report has been funded wholly or in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under contract number 68-W-03-038. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendations for use. This document is intended for information purposes and does not create new nor alter existing Agency policy or guidance. The document does not impose any requirements or obligations on EPA, states, other federal agencies, or the regulated community. A limited number of printed copies of Cleaning Up the Nation’s Waste Sites: Markets and Technology Trends, 2004 Edition is available free of charge by mail or by facsimile from: U.S. EPA/National Service Center for Environmental Publications (NSCEP) P.O. Box 42419 Cincinnati, OH 45242-2419 Telephone: 513-489-8190 or 800-490-9198 Fax: 513-489-8695 A portable document format (PDF) version of this report is available for viewing or downloading from the Hazardous Waste Cleanup Information (CLU-IN) web site at http://clu-in.org/marketstudy. Printed copies can also be ordered through that web address, subject to availability. For More Information For more information about remediation...
Words: 87601 - Pages: 351
...Case Study of the Love Canal Environmental Disaster ENV/410 March 23, 2014 Case Study of the Love Canal Environmental Disaster In May of 1892 a man named William T. Love arrived in Niagara Falls with a long-held dream of building a carefully planned industrial city with convenient access to inexpensive water power and major markets. The plan included the construction of a navigable power canal between the upper and lower Niagara Rivers which would service a massive industrial complex. The transportation of water would be supplied by the lower Niagara River and Lake Ontario. However, due to the country suddenly finding itself in the middle of a full-scale economic depression and the fact that Louis Tesla had just discovered a way to transmit electrical power economically over great distances by means of an alternating current, Love's project was dealt a death blow. His backers deserted him and the whole project fell apart, with the land being sold at public auction in 1910 (Whalen, 1978). In the 1920's the excavation became a chemical and municipal disposal site for several chemical companies and the City of Niagara Falls. Chemicals of unknown kind and quantity were buried at the site up until 1953, after which, the site was covered with earth. Soon, about 100 homes were built, along with an elementary school, on top of this toxic waste dump. The effects of the pit's contents soon began to be felt. Strange odors and substances were reported by residents, especially those...
Words: 1087 - Pages: 5
...Cabot/Koppers Superfund Remediation Site Overview and Investigation Site history and background: The Cabot Carbon-Koppers Superfund location is a past industrial place in Gainesville, FL. It legitimately stopped its processing and wood-treating actions in 2010. The site initially opened in 1912 and the approximately 90 acre site was utilized as a wood-treating facility for about 90 years. In fact, wood-treating process initiated with the usage of creosote in 1916 that basically was phased out of use in 1992. Throughout the 1960’s, two extra chemical treatments were also used which comprised chromated copper arsenate and pentachlorophenol. Throughout the functioning period, the chemical wastes were discharged and trickled onto the soil during processing as well of disposed of in unlined lagoons on Cabot/Koppers location. These particular wastewater lagoons have been roofed, and graded; although, for several years, they performed as major source zones for contamination to the top soil, surficial aquifer, subsurface soil matrix, as well as the Upper and Lower Hawthorne clay layers into that contaminants have entered. The Hawthorne Clay layers have also proceeded as a comparative barrier to the Upper Transmissive Region of the Floridian Aquifer, where there is also some indication of trace constituents of concern. The facility was proposed as a National Priorities List (NPL) in August of 1983. Ultimately, it was added to the list in September of 1984, therefore formally making...
Words: 1763 - Pages: 8
...regulations that are in place and modify weak legislation to protect the public. PharmaCARE is a successful pharmaceutical company with a reputation of being socially responsible. PharmaCARE developed its brand by offering free and discounted drugs to low-income consumers and sponsoring healthcare educational programs. The company also launched community-based initiatives that focus on health care education and environmental concerns. While PharmaCARE enjoyed the fruits of its good reputation, the company’s moral fabric was unraveling into threads of greed, deceit and criminal behavior. PharmaCARE executives are a despicable bunch driven by greed as they go about their responsibilities of earning company profit. The company intends to make as much money as possible using minimal resources – even if that means ignoring their responsibility to protect their employees and the public. PharmaCARE made several important decisions that negatively impacted the Colberian nation, PharmaCARE employees, doctors and consumers. Determine the stakeholders in this scenario. The PharmaCARE executives and employees of PharmaCARE/CompCARE are the stakeholders in this case. Four stakeholders (Allen, Tom, Donna, and Ayesha) are employees of...
Words: 2572 - Pages: 11
...PharmaCARE Company is a well successful pharmaceutical company known to produce high quality products that have saved millions of lives and enhanced a quality of life to others. The Company is recognized for offering free and discounted drugs to low-income consumers, and has a foundation that sponsors healthcare educational programs and scholarships, and its CEO serves on the PhRMA board. The company is located in New Jersey, and maintains a large manufacturing facility in the African nation of Colberia. In this, paper I will review questions that arose from a given scenario that PharmaCARE Company encountered while they reformulated one of its top-selling diabetes drug. PharmaCARE established a wholly-owned subsidiary called CompCARE to operate as a compounding pharmacy to sell the new formulation to individuals on a prescription basis. I will highlight the negative impacts the new drug caused to individuals, and the negligence the company had towards the working condition of its employees. Determination of all the stakeholders in the given scenario Stakeholders are defined as individuals who are involved in, have a vested interest in, or a “stake” in the success of an organization (Merriam-Webster, 2011). Internal stakeholders will participate in the strategic development of coordinating resources to fund and sustain an operation, whereas external stakeholders are not directly connected to the organization; however, they are vested in the company success as clients, business...
Words: 1437 - Pages: 6
...with one or more uncontrolled toxic waste sites, incinerators or major landfills. A recent Greenpeace study found that minorities make up twice as large a population share in communities with these unwanted sites as in communities without them. In 1980 the average minority population near a landfill or hazardous waste facility was about 22%; in 1994 it was 36%. I. INTRODUCTION People of color in the United State and around the world are subjected to a disproportionately high level of environmental health risk in their neighborhoods and on their jobs. Minorities, who tend to be poorer and more disadvantaged that other residents, work in the dirtiest jobs where they are exposed to toxic chemicals and other hazards. More often than not they also live in urban ghettos, barrios, reservations and rural poverty pockets that have shockingly high pollution levels and are increasingly the site of unpopular industrial facilities, such as toxic waste dumps, landfills, smelters, refineries and incinerators. Environmental Justice combines civil rights with environmental protection to demand a safe, healthy, life-giving environment for everyone. II. ORIGIN In 1987 the Reverend Benjamis Chavis of the United Church of Christ in the United States, demonstrated there is a direct relationship between communities of racial minority or low income and contaminated toxic waste sites. With the study the existence of environmental discrimination against these groups was demonstrated, so that environmental...
Words: 5597 - Pages: 23
...Case Study of the Love Canal Environmental Disaster In May of 1892 a man named William T. Love arrived in Niagara Falls with a long-held dream of building a carefully planned industrial city with convenient access to inexpensive water power and major markets. The plan included the construction of a navigable power canal between the upper and lower Niagara Rivers which would service a massive industrial complex. The transportation of water would be supplied by the lower Niagara River and Lake Ontario. However, due to the country suddenly finding itself in the middle of a full-scale economic depression and the fact that Louis Tesla had just discovered a way to transmit electrical power economically over great distances by means of an alternating current, Love's project was dealt a death blow. His backers deserted him and the whole project fell apart, with the land being sold at public auction in 1910 (Whalen, 1978). In the 1920's the excavation became a chemical and municipal disposal site for several chemical companies and the City of Niagara Falls. Chemicals of unknown kind and quantity were buried at the site up until 1953, after which, the site was covered with earth. Soon, about 100 homes were built, along with an elementary school, on top of this toxic waste dump. The effects of the pit's contents soon began to be felt. Strange odors and substances were reported by residents, especially those with basements. Pieces of phosphorus made their way to the surface and children...
Words: 1074 - Pages: 5
...Case Study of the Love Canal Environmental Disaster Phillip Voliva ENV/410 March 23, 2014 Alicia Holloway Case Study of the Love Canal Environmental Disaster In May of 1892 a man named William T. Love arrived in Niagara Falls with a long-held dream of building a carefully planned industrial city with convenient access to inexpensive water power and major markets. The plan included the construction of a navigable power canal between the upper and lower Niagara Rivers which would service a massive industrial complex. The transportation of water would be supplied by the lower Niagara River and Lake Ontario. However, due to the country suddenly finding itself in the middle of a full-scale economic depression and the fact that Louis Tesla had just discovered a way to transmit electrical power economically over great distances by means of an alternating current, Love's project was dealt a death blow. His backers deserted him and the whole project fell apart, with the land being sold at public auction in 1910 (Whalen, 1978). In the 1920's the excavation became a chemical and municipal disposal site for several chemical companies and the City of Niagara Falls. Chemicals of unknown kind and quantity were buried at the site up until 1953, after which, the site was covered with earth. Soon, about 100 homes were built, along with an elementary school, on top of this toxic waste dump. The effects of the pit's contents soon began to be felt. Strange odors and substances were reported...
Words: 1091 - Pages: 5
...made law – cases decided by judge US * Mostly statutory, but judges are important * Interpret statues * Judge decides if not codified * Criminal – against State * Civil – all other Environmental Law not very effective if using private remedies PRIVATE REMEDIES | GOOD | BAD | Develop theory and needs | After the fact | Push legislation | Disorganized | Day in court | Costly | Money damages | Only personal damages | Tort Law - wrongful acts vs. contract law 1. Negligence a. Duty owned b. Unreasonable act c. Personal Injury d. Ex: pesticides 2. Trespass e. Tied to property rights f. Property invasion g. Ex: dam building (H2O invasion) 3. Nuisance h. Tied to unreasonable use interfering with another’s use i. Property use damaged j. Loss of livability k. Can’t move TO a nuisance l. Standing question i. cannot sue unless suffer special damage ii. different in kind, not just degree m. Ex: smoke, sewage treatment, hog farm, airport CIVIL REMEDIES 1. Monetary damages – personal things $ can fix 2. Injunctive relief – environmental, $ can’t replace, make do something a. Negative – DON’T do something b. Mandatory / Positive – Require to DO something c. Declaratory Judgment – do BEFORE; doesn’t work b/c US legal system adversarial 3. Strict Liability – Special cases d...
Words: 7450 - Pages: 30
...Lorna Deans Cornerstone Seminar IDS101 Dec 21, 2012 The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Small Businesses Small businesses are critical to the U.S. economy. They create about one-half of all private sector jobs and generate more than half of all revenues. It is critical to take into consideration how regulations and litigation impact small businesses. The biggest impact consideration is the financial impact to a companies’ bottom line (RAND Corporation). The U.S. economy slowly coming out of a recession, small businesses are struggling to overcome imposing environmental regulations from Washington. With record low rates of small business startups, people would argue that these imposing regulations are turning out all positive results. Small businesses unlike their larger business counterparts, cannot afford to hire specialty firms to help them make their way through these regulations. It also takes a lot of time and money to keep up with all the rules imposed on them. Such regulations impose costs on small businesses ranging from capital investments in upgrading current working environments to civil or criminal penalties. An effect of these regulations would be lower hiring projections for the near future. Other effects could be that the U.S. will not see a significant change in the unemployment rates and small businesses will lose out on revenues generated by hiring more employees (Alford). The definition of a small business is one that employs 500 employees...
Words: 2547 - Pages: 11
...Assignment 2: Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the workplace and the World. LEG. 500: Law, Ehics & Corp. Governance Amy Gray Professor Weekly November 24, 2013 All Stakeholders in this scenario are PharmaCARE, CompCARE, WEllCO, Donna, Tom, Ayesha, Allen and Consumers. PharmaCARE is one of the world’s leading pharmaceutical companies. They specialize in servicing low income consumers who with high quality products. PharmaCARE is based out of New Jersey with a manufacturing plant in Africa. CompCARE is the subsidiary company that PharmaCARE used to act as a pharmacy. CompCare benefited from the great reputation that PharmaCARE had as a successful pharmaceutical company. WellCO was a large drugstore chain that purchased CompCARe and began to see the effects of the bad business decisions that PharmaCAre made. Donna was a PharmaCare employee whom had perfect attendance prior to becoming ill due the condition of the manufacturing plant. Tom was one of the supervisors of the plan whom threatened going to OSHA about the issues of the lab and condition of the workplace. Ayesha was an employee of PharmaCare whom had issues with being promoted to a supervisor. She filed an EEOC complaint related to religious discrimination. Allen was the manager of the plant and responsible for the condition of the plant. Allen chose to fire Donna, Tom & Ayesha to keep is potential bonus. Analyze the ethics of PharmaCARE’s treatment of the Colberia’s indigenous population...
Words: 1265 - Pages: 6
...Pollution From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see Pollution (disambiguation). The litter problem on the coast of Guyana, 2010 Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.[1] Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. Ancient cultures Air pollution has always accompanied civilizations. Pollution started from prehistoric times when man created the first fires. According to a 1983 article in the journal Science, "soot found on ceilings of prehistoric caves provides ample evidence of the high levels of pollution that was associated with inadequate ventilation of open fires."[2] Metal forging appears to be a key turning point in the creation of significant air pollution levels outside the home. Core samples of glaciers in Greenland indicate increases in pollution associated with Greek, Roman and Chinese metal production,[3] but at that time the pollution was comparatively small and could be handled by nature. Urban pollution Air pollution in the US, 1973 The burning of coal and wood, and the presence of many horses in concentrated areas made the cities the cesspools of pollution. The Industrial Revolution brought an infusion of untreated chemicals and wastes...
Words: 5408 - Pages: 22
...from the PBS FRONTLINE investigative report, POISONED WATERS with Hedrick Smith as correspondent. In that program, we showed the kinds of pollution now contaminating America’s waterways, political obstacles blocking restoration of great estuaries like Chesapeake Bay and Puget Sound, and some local strategies that have scored successes. We have designed this kit to stimulate public discussion of effective techniques and crucial issues of educational reform. It is intended for teachers, parents, principals, administrators and anyone interested in improving public schools. Photo by: Susan Zox How To Use This Guide This guide can be used either with a DVD of the two-hour documentary, POISONED WATERS, or with the special DVD clip reel of program excerpts. The guide is broken into several sections. On pages 1 and 22, you’ll find a description of the main elements of the program. Pages 2-21 set out ten topics for discussion, selected to highlight important issues in protecting our waters. For example, stormwater runoff, agricultural pollution, new chemical contaminants, how grass-roots action can force a Superfund cleanup or control development. Each topic is covered by a two-page write-up and suggested questions. A matching video segment illustrates the issue. Select a topic and read the summary. Watch the matching segment on the DVD of excerpts. If you have a DVD of the full program or a special DVD that contains additional Puget segments, the DVD is chaptered to make it easy for you...
Words: 8725 - Pages: 35
...Each aspect of marketing such as pricing, promotion, development and sales has a number of ethical concerns that tend to arise. For a customer to make the right decisions with regard to a given product they need information and it is at this point that an ethical concern arises. Companies may not provide all the necessary information required for the customer to make informed choices for a number of reason that include protecting the recipe. However, the customer is denied the information they need to have knowledge about a given product. In some of the cases, the information provided tends to be deceptive and does not give the whole truth about the product. This tends to influence the customer to make decisions on the basis of wrong and deceptive information. A good instance of this is where information is labeled on the packaging and the label. Not all information regarding the product is provided and in some of the cases, it tends to be presented in a manner that a consumer will not understand easily. This is because of the fact that the information may actually prevent the customer from buying the product since it may contain ingredients they do not want at given levels. In advertising, the federal...
Words: 2784 - Pages: 12
