...ผังความคิดเชิงระบบ " พระพุทธเจาคิดอะไร ?" ธรรมสมาธิ ปราโมทย ปติ ปสสัทธิ สุข สมาธิ จุดเนนของพุทธทาส แจมใส/ไมขุนมัว อิ่มใจ/ปลาบปลื้ม ผอนคลาย-ไมเครียด แฮปปไมถูกบีบคั้น แนวแน-ไมฟุงซาน 4.ชีวิตควรเปนอยูอยางไร ? มิจฉาปฏิปทา 9.อวิชชา 8.นิวรณ5 7.ทุจริต3 6.ไมสํารวมอินทรีย 5.ขาดสติสัมปชัญญะ 4.ขาดโยนิโสมนสิการ 3.ขาดศรัทธา 2.ขาดสดับสัทธรรม 1.ไมไดเสวนาสัปบุรุษ สัมมาปฏิปทา 9.วิชชา/วิมุตติ 8.โพชชงค 7 7.สติปฎฐาน 4 6.อินทรียสังวรณ 5.สติสัมปปชัญญะ 4.โยนิโสมนสิการ 3.ศรัทธา 2.สดับสัทธรรม 1.เสวนาสัปปบุรุษ 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 อะไรเปนอะไร สวนใหญเกิดจากสวนยอย อุภโตภาควิมุตติ เจดตวิมุตติ ปญญาวิมุตติ จิตตัสเสกัคคตา สัมมาสมาธิ สัมมาสติ สัมมาวายามะ สัมมาอาชีวะ สัมมากัมมันตะ สัมมาวาจา สัมมาสังกัปปะ สัมมาทิฎฐิ เอกัคคตา ฌานสมาบัติ กรรมฐาน 40 one-pointed mind Right Concentration Right Mindfulness Right Effort Right Livelihood Right Action Right Speech Right Thought Right View จิตมั่นชอบ ระลึกชอบ พยายามชอบ อาชีพชอบ กระทําชอบ วาจาชอบ ดําริชอบ เห็นชอบ ตั้งมั่นแนวแน มีสติกํากับตัว เพียรพยายาม ยังชีพชอบ เกื้อกูลกัน พูดกอประโยชน คิดไมเอนเอียง เห็นตามสภาวะ สติปฎฐาน 4 กาย เวทนา จิต ธรรมานุปสสนา กาลามสูตร 10 อยาเชื่อ เพราะ.. ฟงตามกันมา ถือสืบตอกันมา คําเลาลือ อางตํารา/คัมภีร อางตรรกะ อนุมานเอา ตรองตามเหตุผล เขากับทฤษฎีตน ผูพูดนาเชื่อถือ ผูพูดเปนครู อริยสัจ 4 รูสภาพปญหา/ทุกข รูเหตุแหงทุกข/สมุหทัย รูการดับทุกข/นิโรธ วางวิธีการ/มรรค ขอดี/ขอดอย/โอกาส SWOT สัปปุริสธรรม 7 รูหลัก/รูเหตุ รูผล/ความมุงหมาย กุศลธรรม รูตน ชี้ใหชัด/ชวนใหปฎิบัติ...
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...中国精益生产学院 国内顶尖的精益生产培训与辅导机构 Value Stream Mapping Purpose • Provide optimum value to the customer through a complete value creation process with minimum waste in: – Design (concept to customer) – Build (order to delivery) – Sustain (in-use through life cycle to service) Http://www.leancn.org PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 精益论坛http://bbs.leancn.org 中国精益生产学院 国内顶尖的精益生产培训与辅导机构 Why ? • Many organizations pursuing “lean” conversions have realized that improvement events alone are not enough • Improvement events create localized improvements, value stream mapping & analysis strengthens the gains by providing vision and plans that connect all improvement activities • Value stream mapping & analysis is a tool that allows you to see waste, and plan to eliminate it Http://www.leancn.org PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 精益论坛http://bbs.leancn.org 中国精益生产学院 国内顶尖的精益生产培训与辅导机构 What Is Value? A capability provided to a customer, Q of the highest quality, Q at the right time, Q at an appropriate price, as defined by the customer. Http://www.leancn.org PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com 精益论坛http://bbs.leancn.org 中国精益生产学院 国内顶尖的精益生产培训与辅导机构 What Is Value? • "Value" is what the customer is buying • Always think first about the endcustomer – Who is the customer? – What are they buying? • Describe value using the customers' words Http://www.leancn.org ...
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...The Peanutty Food & Company To start off Peanutty should first establish an integrated vision of their supply chain. This will give them some kind of direction needed to progress. In order to ensure the supply of raw materials for its operations, I think it’s a great idea to try and gain more customers that will supply them with raw materials. It states that some companies do send them some raw materials because they are also a service provider. This includes the preparation of food items for large companies in the sector such as fillings and marshmallows. These companies provide them with packaging and labels. Having more companies helping them out will ensure that they receive their supply. They would always have a backup supply readily available. In order to keep production cost they should only bring in the amount of raw materials that are needed. Doing this will save money on resources that are not being used. As for dealing with Peanutty’s suppliers I don’t’ think there is much they can do to manage the powers because there are so few suppliers. One way that may be helpful is to start importing the material. Although geographically it is much cheaper and easier to get products from the producers close, having another source will give Peanutty more power when it comes to supply chain activities and operations. I feel that a reason that customers and suppliers pretty much have all the power is because they can probably sense that Peanutty is very unorganized and therefore...
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...Abstract The paper examines the key factors influencing the adoption of e-business technology by SMEs. To this end, the paper draws on a range of literatures on the diffusion of new information and communication technologies (ICTs), many of which have hitherto been treated as separate. The reasons for this are two-fold. First, e-business technologies are the latest in a line of new ICT technologies. When exploited successfully, ICTs have increased firm competitiveness either by raising the efficiency of internal communication and organisation and/or supply chain relationships, or by facilitating the development of new/improved products and services. Second, it is hypothesised that many of the factors affecting the successful adoption of new technologies are generic in nature. With regards to SMEs specifically, consideration of earlier research may assist us in identifying a set of enablers and barriers to e-business adoption. Hence, by explicitly acknowledging the context and prior history of research in the area, we are able to map out the dimensions of future theoretical and empirical research in e-business adoption by SMEs. In addition to drawing together factors identified by existing research, the paper highlights the implications of network externalities for the timing of technology investments and the returns that accrue to early and late adopters. It also draws attention to a number of problems associated with the analytical concept of ‘the SME’ when it...
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...to the store, where they’re prepared in the open kitchen behind the cashiers. You’ll see a few folks eating at the restaurant’s tables or tucking into their food outdoors on patio benches, but most customers come in with a handful of cash—no credit or debit cards, thank you—and head back out with their meals. Four is In-N-Out Burger’s innovation fulcrum—the point at which the number of products strikes the right balance between customer satisfaction and operating complexity. Four means simple purchasing, simple production, and simple service. And, it turns out, in a world where fast-food restaurants are forever adding formats and menu items, simple means harvard business review • november 2005 profitable growth. With its chain of about 200 restaurants...
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...The Role of the Engineer in the Value Chain Executive Summary In the recent past, value chain management has undergone radical transformation through various stages of automation, optimization and integration. This is based on a variety of reasons such as shortened technology and product development lifecycles, globalization, and pressures of competitive forces. This has forced organizations to review their value chain systems in order to survive and grow in such dynamic economic environments. In the field of engineering, value chains have become vital aspects of operations management when it comes to the application of engineering systems to the industrial and commercial processes. The main purpose of this paper is to disentangle the role of the engineer in the value chain. In this context, it will go further in analyzing the key elements of value chain and any accrued benefits that come with use of engineers in the value chain management. Value Chain Analysis The inception of Value Chain is associated with Michael Porter. He gives his understanding to this concept using a model he referred to as; “Porter’s value chain model” (Sekhar, 2009: 115). This model evaluates the strategically vital activities in a firm that boost its competitive advantage. Such competitive advantage is usually achieved through the core competencies of the firm. According to Porter, a firm is defined by a set of processes and functions which he classified into five main activities; the inbound...
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...decade. In the last 10 years, Wal-Mart has achieved strong and constant growth in sales and net income. It has maintained the leading position in the U.S. discount retail industry and has become the largest retailer in the world. With the maturity of the industry, coupled with the intense competition from rivalry companies, maintaining the current level of high performance becomes very challenging. The Porter’s Five Forces analysis reveals that the competition among rivals is the driving force of the industry, in which price is the most critical factor. The value chain analysis and resource based view analysis show that Wal-Mart has been very successful in implementing the strategy as the low-cost leader by inculcating cost efficiency in its corporate culture, management style, and operations. It has been the pioneer in adopting cutting edge technology to streamline its supply chain, and to understand and respond timely to customer demand. Wal-Mart has developed many strengths that help guard its leading position and open door to many opportunities for expanding the business. However, it also faces threats from growing too big and in many areas, which makes it vulnerable to losing control, weakened cooperation among stores and regions, and competition in multiple fronts. Wal-Mart should be caution in its growth strategy, especially in the expansion of its international presence. Although its financial strength, management skills, and operation efficiency...
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...Personal Report (Evidence 1) Overview I work for Noble’s Hospital in the Isle of Man, which is part of the Isle of Man Government Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS). Noble’s Hospital is the main acute healthcare facility on the Island of a population of approximately 80,000. Within the hospital, I work for the Purchasing and Supply Department who as a general overview, undertake Capital Equipping Projects, DHSS wide Contracts, Process orders for medical and non medical consumables and distribute a wide range of medical and non medical consumables to the hospital. My role within the Purchasing Office is a Buyer/Contracts Officer along with two further staff who report to our line manger, My role is diverse and consists of 3 major elements. I manage Capital Equipment Projects (Group 3 Furniture and Furnishings) as and when required, I undertake Procurement Contracting work with a range of Government Departments; and finally, I work closely with the Purchasing and Supply sections of our Axapta Financial System. Within my role it is essential that I work effectively and efficiently, leading by example where required, or listening and developing communication relationships in order to meet our organisational requirements. Our Purchasing Office consists of only three staff, I, P and Myself, due to the retirement of two staff. During the year of 2009 our small group has grown very close, primarily because of friendship but organisationally...
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...Patil, Yash Robert Tanner 5/11/2014 BIP: Final Paper Time to do the Laundry At 9am on the 24th of April, a textile manufacturing building in Dhaka, Bangladesh collapsed due to oversight from supervisors. 1129 people were killed and an additional 2515 were injured as a result. Many of the higher floors didn’t have permits to be legally constructed[1]. The workers were making 52 dollars a month in wages and lived below the poverty line. The clothes manufactured here would be exported and sold in stores like Walmart. Situations like these exist around the world, but only get recognized when disaster occurs. Businesses are some of the biggest entities in the world. Some companies are even bigger than nations; 50 of the largest economies in the world are run by multinational companies; like General Electrics and British Petroleum which are bigger than UAE and Vietnam respectively[2]. The United States Government does provide 21 billion dollars in non-military aid to foreign countries, but this is nothing compared to the impact businesses can have. The textile industry in America alone generates 248 billion dollars in revenue and employs 75 million people globally. Businesses have the capability to empower workers and improve their mission while creating shared value[3]. What is shared value? CSV or Creating Shared Value is the process of aligning economic interests with societal interests to create value for stakeholders and shareholders. Corporations have taken on CSR or...
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...International Management Part 1: The Global Manager’s Environment Part 2: The Cultural Context of Global Management Part 3: Formulating Strategy Part 4: Global Human Resources Management The University of Western Australia Strategic Planning and Strategy Strategic Planning • The process by which a firm’s managers evaluate the future prospects of the firma and decide on appropriate strategies to achieve long-term objectives Strategy • The basic means by which the firm competes., that is, its choice of business or businesses in which to operate and the ways in which it differentiates itself from its competitors 63 How does globalisation, risk, political-legal-ethical and culture affect the value chain that a firm manages and operates to create ‘value’ = strategic planning +strategy = STRATEGIC FIT between ‘inputs’ and ‘outputs’ Porter, M (1985) Competitive Advantage: creating and sustaining superior performance. NY: Free Press The University of Western Australia Steps in Developing International and Global Strategies Mission and Objectives Environmental Assessment and Scanning (PEST, PESTEL, Risk) Internal and Competitive Analysis (SWOT) Global Integrative and Entry Strategy Alternatives (Export, JV, Strategic Alliance, CAGE) Strategic Choice, Implementation, Feedback, and Control (Governance) Copyright ©2014 Pearson Education Realize that much of international business is conducted through strategic alliances...
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...Zara Case Study - Answer the following questions using both the case in the text and online research. Citations (within the text) and a bibliography are required. Be sure to provide an overview of the case in a short paragraph prior to answering each question. List the question you are answering prior to your answer. Vertical Supply Chain Zara uses a vertical supply chain, which is an uncommon strategy in the fashion industry. A company that operates in a vertically integrated strategy has total control of the various business activities, such as designing, manufacturing, sourcing, and to distribution to retail stores. This gives the company total business management. 1. As completely as possible, explain the supply chain for Zara from raw materials to consumer purchase. (5 points) Zara makes about 40% of their raw material (fabric) and produces more than half of its own clothes. (Kotler and Armstrong). The remaining 60% is outsourced from within Spain, mostly from the La Curuna. Designing of clothes at Zara is done by creative teams of over 300 professionals at the headquarters in La Curuna, Spain. (Supply Chain Brain). After the designers complete a design they are sent to Zara’s production system to cut the fabric. The design is then sent for sewing by one of several hundred local cooperatives. After sewing, the clothes are returned to Zara’s facilities for ironing by an assembly line of workers. After this, the items are wrapped and transported on conveyor...
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...POMS Abstract Number: 011-0371 Title: Managing Global Food Supply Chain Risks: A Scenario Planning Perspective A. Deep Business School, Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK Email: a.deep@lboro.ac.uk || Phone: +44.1509 223176 S. Dani Business School, Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK Email: s.dani@lboro.ac.uk || Phone: +44.1509228830 POMS 20th Annual Conference Orlando, Florida U.S.A. May 1 to May 4, 2009 Introduction Food is a fundamental requisite for human existence. An agrarian society shows the simplistic form of existence where agriculture forms the core of the society and is the prime means of support and sustenance. That, however, no longer remains the foundation of most of today’s developed economies where food chains are increasingly becoming complex and multi tiered. The chains start with agriculture and ends ultimately, with household consumption. But the numbers of entities between these ends encompass geographical, economic, political and social extremes. This compounded over uncertainty occurring from natural disasters, climate changes, epidemics and terrorist threats place the food supply chain in a particularly vulnerable position. The recent Chinese milk scare which left thousands of Chinese babies ill after consuming melamine tainted milk powder produced by the Chinese Sanlu Group required urgent action by New Zealand, United States and the European Union to issue product warnings to contain the spread of melamine related...
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...Business as Usual is Not an Option Supply Chains and Sourcing after Rana Plaza Sarah Labowitz and Dorothée Baumann-Pauly April 2014 About the Center for Business and Human Rights at New York University Stern School of Business “At NYU Stern, we develop people and ideas that transform the challenges of the 21st century into opportunities to create value for business and society. Our Center for Business and Human Rights is the embodiment of that mission. By creating a safe haven for open dialogue and convening relevant voices for discussion around practical solutions to some of the world’s most pressing problems, the Center, and by extension this report, demonstrate that profit and principle can co-exist. ” –Peter Henry, Dean NYU Stern School of Business Dean Henry launched the Center for Business and Human Rights in March 2013 with a strong belief in the power of business to create positive change in society. In that spirit, the Center’s mission is to challenge and empower businesses to make practical progress on human rights in their own operations. It is the first center to focus on human rights as an integral part of a business school. We start from the premise that business can and does work for the good of society. We support the goal of business to create value while emphasizing high standards for human rights performance. Each year, we take on a major project around a set of human rights challenges in a sector that is of foremost concern for companies, consumers...
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...which means that the business environment for our manufacturing has been becoming more deteriorative. From government’s perspective, China need industrial transformation and upgrade industries. On enterprises’ viewpoint, the significant method for this situation is innovate the business model. This essay will demonstrate the gap between Chinese business model and the international advanced business model. The control power to industry chain determined the merchant mode. In modern business, controlling the upstream section of the industry chain means that the enterprises make profits and economize the resource and cost furthest. For instance, China only control the one part of industry chain. That is manufacture which is a low-income and high cost part. However, the upstream section of the industry chain was controlled by American companies. The most famous example may be the Apple Inc. that never produce even one element of electronic products. Apple Inc. masters the design and research section which is high yield and the crux of the whole chain. Then, Apple utilize this superiority to attract other manufacturer such as Foxconn. Apple will lower the price per unit to make more profits, which depress the Foxconn to only survive. Foxconn have to overburden workers to work for almost 12 hours per day. As a result, 11...
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...decision-making than information. D) Data and information are the same. Answer: B Page Ref: 4 Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty : Easy AACSB: Analytic 2) Information is A) basically the same as data. B) raw facts about transactions. C) potentially useful facts when processed in a timely manner. D) data that has been organized and processed so that it's meaningful. Answer: D Page Ref: 4 Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty : Easy AACSB: Analytic 3) The value of information can best be defined as A) how useful it is to decision makers. B) the benefits produced by possessing and using the information minus the cost of producing it. C) how relevant it is. D) the extent to which it maximizes the value chain. Answer: B Page Ref: 4 Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty : Moderate AACSB: Analytic 4) An accounting information system (AIS) processes ________ to provide users with ________. A) data; information B) data; transactions C) information; data D) data; benefits Answer: A Page Ref: 10 Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty : Easy AACSB: Analytic 5) Information that reduces uncertainty, improves decision makers' ability to make predictions, or confirms or corrects their prior expectations, is said to be A) complete. B) relevant. C) reliable. D) timely. Answer: B Page Ref: 5 Objective: Learning Objective 1 Difficulty : Easy AACSB: Analytic 6) Information that is free from error or bias and...
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