...allowed for patients to receive health care in a more convenient and efficient way, but with this convenience and the ever evolving technology comes the burden of cost on the U.S. economy. This paper will review how early medicinal practices have evolved into the technologically advanced world of medicine we live in today, as well as discuss how these advancements play a role in the accessibility, affordability and quality of life and care the patients of the United States receive today. In the early 1800’s, medicinal practice in the U.S. was considered to be very primitive. Unlike the European countries of Britain, France and Germany, “American medicine lagged behind in the advances of medical science, experimental research and medical science education” (Shi & Singh, 2008 p. 85). Instead, America focused more on applied science rather than the research of basic sciences. In return, the United States’ “early practices of medicine were regarded more as a trade than a profession. It did not require the rigorous course of study, clinical practice, residency training, board exams and licensing, without which it is impossible to practice today” (Shi & Singh, 2008 p.85). This meant that pretty much anyone during this time could call themselves a physician, and so they did. In the early 1800’s tradesmen, barbers and merchants were involved in healing by selling herbal prescriptions, elixirs, cathartics and nostrums. Barber’s at the time would also function as surgeons, using the...
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...stands to this present day, and is the most commonly referred to by health professionals and text books. Before the 1700’s popular belief of illness and disease would have been the presence of evil spirit or curse interned inside the patient. Trepanning was a method where a hole was drilled into the skull of the patient to let the evil spirits leave the body…………….wies and semmille????? The biomedical model of health views the body as a machine; if it becomes dysfunctional it can be fixed. The biomedical model which was developed predominantly in Western Europe, between the late 1700’s to the late 1800’s, is based on research and discoveries, using scientific methods. Thus leading to the belief that illness was caused by bacteria, viruses’, genetic predisposition, trauma or degenerative conditions. These could be treated with medication, surgery based firmly on the scientific understanding of the physiology and bio-chemistry of the human body. This model lead to vast advances in medicine, for example, cures for many of the pre-war diseases such as Typhoid, Tuberculosis and Cholera were developed. However, this definition of health has been criticised for its one dimensional approach as it focuses purely on the physical aspects of the patient and fails to take account of the psychological, social, and environmental factors concerning the individual. The model suggests that the mind cannot influence the body; instead it reacts in an involuntarily manner to prevent the invading...
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...professional knowledge and competence” (AVMA). The life of another is in your hands, you take an oath to look out for the well-being of animals and to keep them in the best of health. At certain times, a veterinarian may seem like they are getting greedy by suggesting unnecessary diagnostics that don’t pertain to the animals present problem or to give a pet a vaccine that it might not really need. You could be faced with a dilemma when an animal is gravely ill and you would recommend to the owner to do further diagnostics, or advise the owner to make the pet as comfortable as possible with basic care, or suggest humanely euthanizing said animal to not prolong the their suffering. Such an instance may be when a pet has been diagnosed with cancer. Would you suggest to the owner to put their pet through chemotherapy which cost thousands, which may also put the pet through more suffering to just prolong their...
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...Running Head: TEAM B COURSE PROJECT Team B Course Project Final Draft April 20, 2013 Professor Aimee James DeVry University Abstract Robotic surgery is a described as when a surgeon uses robotic equipment to assist during a surgical procedure. The surgeon manipulates controls which send information to the robotic equipment, telling it what to do. This surgical technology can be used for a wide range of surgical procedures. There are multiple benefits from choosing this type of surgery, but can also cost more than laparoscopic. Robotic surgery has been discussed for over two decades. Over the last decade, it has increased in popularity and applicability. There are many economic concerns over the use of this technology such as the cost versus the applicable use. There are also concerns about the implications the use of this technology will have on the environment, as well as moral and ethical concerns. By providing background information and history of this technology, information on the use of this technology, economical, sociological, and psychological effects and concerns associated with this technology, and information on environmental implications and moral and ethical concerns of this technology, we hope to provide readers a basis to form an educated opinion on the applicability of remote and robotic surgery. Table of Contents Abstract (Jesse Edwards)…...……………………………………………….…………………….ii Introduction (Jesse Edwards)……………………………………………….……………………..1 ...
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...Review of Literature A systematically oriented and driven presentation of relevant literature and research studies concerned with respect to phenomenon underling the present study, such presentation had included almost all issues related to care of fracture that treated with external and internal fixation. Part I: Historical Prospective of Beginning and use External and Internal Fixation. Part II: Traumatic Bone Injury: 2.2.1. Causes of Fracture. 2.2.2 Pathophysiology of Fracture. 2.3. Types of fractures. 2.4. Clinical Manifestations. 2.5. Diagnostic Tests. 2.6. Phase of Bone Healing. 2.7. Complications of Fracture. PartIII: Treatment and Management of Fracture by External and Internal fixation . 2.3.1.External Fixation Method....
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...Emerging market report 2007 Disclaimer PricewaterhouseCoopers has exercised professional care and diligence in the collection and processing of the information in this report. However, the data used in the preparation of this report (and on which the report is based) was provided by third-party sources. This report is intended to be of general interest only and does not constitute professional advice. PricewaterhouseCoopers makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy of this report. PricewaterhouseCoopers shall not be liable to any user of this report or to any other person or entity for any inaccuracy of information contained in this report or for any errors or omissions in its content, regardless of the cause of such inaccuracy, error or omission. Furthermore, to the extent permitted by law, PricewaterhouseCoopers, its members, employees and agents accept no liability and disclaim all responsibility for the consequences of you or anyone else acting, or refraining from acting, in relying upon the information contained in this report or for any decision based on it, or for any consequential, special, incidental or punitive damages to any person or entity for any matter relating to this report even if advised of the possibility of such damages. The member firms of the PricewaterhouseCoopers network (www.pwc. com) provide industry-focused assurance, tax and advisory services to build public trust and enhance value for its clients and their stakeholders...
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...Health Net Access Member Handbook A helpful guide to getting services (Combined Evidence of Coverage and Disclosure Form) Benefit Year 2014 1 HELP IN ANOTHER LANGUAGE AND FOR THE DISABLED: HOW CAN I GET HELP? As a member of Health Net, you have access to a service that offers interpretive services in over 150 different languages. If you need this handbook or other health information in another language or in an alternative format such as large font, audio or accessible pdf, please contact Member Services at [1-888-788-4408 TTY/TDD: 1-888- 788-4872]. Also, if you need interpretive services, please call Member Services at least five (5) days before your medical appointment to arrange language interpretive services in time for your appointments. There is no cost for language interpretation services. You are not required to use family or friends to interpret for you. Como afiliado a Health Net, usted tiene acceso a servicios de interpretación en más de 150 idiomas. Si necesita este manual u otro tipo de información sobre salud traducido a otro idioma o en un formato diferente (como letra grande, audio o PDF accesible), comuníquese con el Departamento de Servicios al Afiliado al 1-888-788-4408 o a la línea TDD/TTY 1-888-7884872. Además, si necesita servicios de interpretación, comuníquese con el Departamento de Servicios al Afiliado al menos cinco (5) días antes de su cita médica para coordinar los servicios de interpretación de idiomas; así podrá disponer de ellos en sus citas...
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...The DO s Dr. Andrew Taylor Still, 1828 –1917 THE DOS OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE IN AMERICA Second Edition NORMAN GEVITZ The Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore & London © 1982, 2004 The Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. Published 2004 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 246897531 The Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363 www.press.jhu.edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gevitz, Norman. The DOs : osteopathic medicine in America / Norman Gevitz.–2nd ed. p. ; cm. Rev ed. of: The D.O.’s. c1982 Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8018-7833-0 (alk. paper) — ISBN 0-8018-7834-9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Osteopathic medicine—United States—History. [DNLM: 1. Osteopathic Medicine—history—United States. WB 940 G396d 2004] I. Gevitz, Norman. D.O.’s. II. Title. RZ325.U6G48 2004 615.5′33′0973—dc21 2003012874 A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Frontispiece courtesy of the Still National Osteopathic Museum, Kirksville, Missouri. For Kathryn Gevitz This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Preface & Acknowledgments ix Chapter 1 Andrew Taylor Still THE MISSOURI MECCA IN THE FIELD 39 1 22 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 STRUCTURE & FUNCTION EXPANDING THE SCOPE 54 69 85 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 THE PUSH FOR HIGHER STANDARDS A QUESTION OF IDENTITY The California Merger 101 115...
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...A Journey of Continuous Caring The butterfly on the front cover symbolises the transformation that KPJ has undergone in its colourful and exciting corporate journey. A butterfly does not begin as such, but must evolve and transform in order to reach its true potential. Like the butterfly, KPJ has gone through various phases on its transformational journey. From the formative stage, strengthening stage to consolidation phase and now the transformation stage, KPJ is transforming into a regional leader in healthcare management and services. A butterfly continuously journeys from flower to flower, and KPJ journeys from location to location, and strength to strength. Along the journey, it creates a legacy of warmth and caring, wellness and healing. KPJ has taken the journey from Johor to Kuala Lumpur to Ipoh, on to other states of Malaysia and further and beyond, to the other parts of the world. Along the way, KPJ has established its hospitals with similar commitment, providing the best of healthcare services. All these are the result of the Journey of Continuous Caring taken by its committed team made up of professional managers, doctors, nurses, support staff and stakeholders in line with its Vision and Mission. KPJ CARES For the last 27 years, KPJ has remained as an organisation with a heart touching the lives of many people. Embracing Corporate Responsibility (CR) throughout KPJ’s business has been the hallmark of its services. Professional managers, doctors, nurses, support...
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...(MD) and V. Grouzard (N, general editor) Contributors: P. Albajar (MD), S. Balkan (MD), P. Barel (MD), E. Baron (MD), M. Biot (MD), F. Boillot (S), L. Bonte (L), M.C. Bottineau (MD), M.E. Burny (N), M. Cereceda (MD), F. Charles (MD), M.J de Chazelles (MD), D. Chédorge (N), A.S. Coutin (MD), C. Danet (MD), B. Dehaye (S), K. Dilworth (MD), F. Fermon (N), B. Graz (MD), B. Guyard-Boileau (MD), G. Hanquet (MD), G. Harczi (N), M. van Herp (MD), C. Hook (MD), K. de Jong (P), S. Lagrange (MD), X. Lassalle (AA), D. Laureillard (MD), M. Lekkerkerker (MD), J. Maritoux (Ph), J. Menschik (MD), D. Mesia (MD), A. Minetti (MD), R. Murphy (MD), J. Pinel (Ph), J. Rigal (MD), M. de Smet (MD), S. Seyfert (MD), F. Varaine (MD), B. Vasset (MD) (S) Surgeon, (L) Laboratory technician, (MD) Medical Doctor, (N) Nurse, (AA) Anaesthetist-assistant, (Ph) Pharmacist, (P) Psychologist We would like to thank the following doctors for their invaluable help: O. Bouchaud, E. Bottieau, A. Briend, M. Boussinesq, F. Chappuis, J.P. Chippaux, J. Dupouy Camet, F. Delange, O. Fontaine, P.Y. Fournier, F. Van Gompel, M. Goyffon, S. Halperin, J. Janin, B. Lagardère, J.D. Law-Koune, F. Nosten, G. Potel, M. Rosenheim, J. Ross, C.E. Rupprecht, J. Saló Raïch, P. Pérez Simarro, M. Soriano, K. Stille, T. Vallot, P. Vigeral, M. Warrell, A.Weissman and N. White....
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...Attribution Non-Commercial 2.5 Australian license. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/au/ In essence, you are free to copy, communicate and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Service, Queensland Health and abide by the license terms. For further information, contact: Informed Consent Program Manager Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Service Centre for Healthcare Improvement, Queensland Health PO Box 152 Herston Queensland 4029 tel (+61) (07) 3646 9715 psq@health.qld.gov.au www.health.qld.gov.au/chi/psq/ For permission beyond the scope of this license contact: Intellectual property Officer Queensland Health GPO Box 48 Brisbane Queensland 4001 tel (+61) (07) 3234 1479 ip_officer@health.qld.gov.au Forward Patient-centred care is widely recognised as a core dimension of a quality modern health service. Informed decision-making – a two-way dialogue between patients and their health practitioners about the benefits, risks and alternatives of treatment, taking into account the patient’s personal circumstances, beliefs and priorities – is vital to truly patient-centred care. A well informed patient can be an...
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...HBSP Product Number TCG239 THE CRIMSON PRESS CURRICULUM CENTER THE CRIMSON GROUP, INC. Boulder Public Schools Edward Caton, a teacher in a midsize elementary school in Boulder, Colorado, hoped someday to rise through the administrative ranks to serve as a principal of his own school, but he felt that to do so, he should understand more about the position to which he aspired. This was especially important to him in terms of the control he might have over the budget, which he knew was central to real power in many organizations. In an effort to learn more about the operations of the Boulder Public Schools, he set up some informational interviews with the principals of an elementary school, a middle school, and a high school. Before making those rounds, he visited the headquarters of the Boulder School Committee to obtain background information for his interviews. BACKGROUND Mr. Caton learned that the Department of Implementation (DI) was central to the school system. It’s manager reported directly to the Superintendent of Schools. The DI was responsible for making school enrollment projections each December for the coming fiscal year (which ran from July to June). These projections were important since annual staffing needs for each school were determined by a rather complex formula that used the DI's projections as the starting point. Moreover, since personnel formed the bulk of the budget, these projections effectively determined a school's budget. Each school...
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...McKinsey Global Institute May 2013 Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy The McKinsey Global Institute The McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), the business and economics research arm of McKinsey & Company, was established in 1990 to develop a deeper understanding of the evolving global economy. Our goal is to provide leaders in the commercial, public, and social sectors with the facts and insights on which to base management and policy decisions. MGI research combines the disciplines of economics and management, employing the analytical tools of economics with the insights of business leaders. Our “micro-to-macro” methodology examines microeconomic industry trends to better understand the broad macroeconomic forces affecting business strategy and public policy. MGI’s in-depth reports have covered more than 20 countries and 30 industries. Current research focuses on four themes: productivity and growth, the evolution of global financial markets, the economic impact of technology and innovation, and urbanization. Recent reports have assessed job creation, resource productivity, cities of the future, and the impact of the Internet. MGI is led by McKinsey & Company directors Richard Dobbs and James Manyika. Yougang Chen, Michael Chui, Susan Lund, and Jaana Remes serve as MGI principals. Project teams are led by a group of senior fellows and include consultants from McKinsey’s offices around the world. These teams draw...
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...NINTH EDITION Burton’s MICROBIOLOGY FOR THE HEALTH SCIENCES Paul G. Engelkirk, PhD, MT(ASCP), SM(AAM) Biomedical Educational Services (Biomed Ed) Belton, Texas Adjunct Faculty, Biology Department Temple College, Temple, TX Janet Duben-Engelkirk, EdD, MT(ASCP) Biomedical Educational Services (Biomed Ed) Belton, Texas Adjunct Faculty, Biotechnology Department Temple College, Temple, TX Acquisitions Editor: David B. Troy Product Manager: John Larkin Managing Editor: Laura S. Horowitz, Hearthside Publishing Services Marketing Manager: Allison Powell Designer: Steve Druding Compositor: Maryland Composition/Absolute Service Inc. Ninth Edition Copyright © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business © 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, © 2004 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, © 2000 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, © 1996 Lippincott-Raven, © 1992, 1988, 1983, 1979 JB Lippincott Co. 351 West Camden Street Baltimore, MD 21201 Printed in the People’s Republic of China All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees...
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...Contents Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1 BRAIN POWER Myth #1 Most People Use Only 10% of Their Brain Power Myth #2 Some People Are Left-Brained, Others Are Right-Brained Myth #3 Extrasensory Perception (ESP) Is a Well-Established Scientific Phenomenon Myth #4 Visual Perceptions Are Accompanied by Tiny Emissions from the Eyes Myth #5 Subliminal Messages Can Persuade People to Purchase Products 2 FROM WOMB TO TOMB Myth #6 Playing Mozart’s Music to Infants Boosts Their Intelligence Myth #7 Adolescence Is Inevitably a Time of Psychological Turmoil Myth #8 Most People Experience a Midlife Crisis in | 8 Their 40s or Early 50s Myth #9 Old Age Is Typically Associated with Increased Dissatisfaction and Senility Myth #10 When Dying, People Pass through a Universal Series of Psychological Stages 3 A REMEMBRANCE OF THINGS PAST Myth #11 Human Memory Works like a Tape Recorder or Video Camera, and Accurate Events We’ve Experienced Myth #12 Hypnosis Is Useful for Retrieving Memories of Forgotten Events Myth #13 Individuals Commonly Repress the Memories of Traumatic Experiences Myth #14 Most People with Amnesia Forget All Details of Their Earlier Lives 4 TEACHING OLD DOGS NEW TRICKS Myth #15 Intelligence (IQ) Tests Are Biased against Certain Groups of People My th #16 If You’re Unsure of Your Answer When Taking a Test, It’s Best to Stick with Your Initial Hunch Myth #17 The Defining Feature of Dyslexia Is Reversing Letters Myth #18 Students Learn Best When Teaching Styles Are Matched to...
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