...Surrogates are women who bare children for those who cannot. Heterosexual couples are usually charged twenty to twenty-five thousand dollars and homosexual couples are charged forty to one hundred and twenty thousand dollars. Rather than adopting a child, people can now have an egg and a sperm fertilized to have implanted into the surrogate of their choice. More people are turning to surrogates to appease to their desire for children due to how much easier and safer the process has become. Surrogate births are becoming increasingly popular. According to Lorraine Ali’s article, “The Curious Lives of Surrogates,” the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology reported that the United States experienced a 30% increase in the number of surrogate...
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...Critique on Surrogates Robert Piccioli English 225 Brian Davis September 12, 2011 Critique on Surrogates The film Surrogates (2009), directed by Jonathon Mostow, was an excellent film with a powerful message for society. The message was delivered well through each aspect of the film and its elements. The film's main concept centers around the mysterious murder of a college student linked to the man who helped create a high-tech surrogate phenomenon that allows people to purchase remote controlled humanoid robots through which they interact with society. These fit, good-looking, remotely controlled robots ultimately assume their life roles, enabling people to experience life vicariously from the comfort and safety of their own homes. Online, you can hide behind an avatar and a lie of a profile and have complete anonymity. Expand that to real life, with a realistic looking robotic body, made in your own image, or not, and you have the world of "Surrogates." Most crime being a thing of the past, no more spreading diseases, racism and sexism gone and few, if any , consequences for your actions, (destroying a surrogate seems to be considered vandalism) all seem to take our own self centered, hedonistic, world of instant gratification to a whole new level. Throw in those who don't choose to keep them selves 'safe' by using robotic bodies living on reservations, seemingly shunning technology and being the subject of new racism, and you might think that you have a...
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...Amahs were indentured domestic female servants generally arriving from Pearl River Delta, China; These Amahs were highly sought after by affluent families, mainly the rich families and colonial expats settled in Singapore. While some of the Amahs came to Singapore to seek better job opportunities to avoid marrying which was seen as a loss of freedom back home, others left their families back in China when they lost their faith their husbands as they had dwindled away all their hard earned money by getting addicted to opium and even resorted to selling their own children. Thus, most Amahs took the oath of celibacy which led them to have pleated hair which was left uncut thereafter, becoming the “ma jies” in Singapore whom often acted as a surrogate parent to her employer’s children, staying and looking after the family for such a long time which was enough to see the kids grow up and form families on their own. These Amahs usually spend their entire lifetime serving the same family during the early to mid-20th century while dressed in white tunic blouses and black silk trousers which was most likely imposed by the European employers who preferred their servants to be dressed in a uniform. Without families of their own, Amahs provided all their love to the families they served. As such,...
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...Table of Contents Rpt. 25810062 14-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC COWEN AND COMPANY - BARAL, RITU, ET AL 4-8 Rpt. 25767315 06-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC ROTH CAPITAL PARTNERS, LLC - CHATTOPADHYAY, DEBJIT, ET AL 9 - 21 Rpt. 25736145 01-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC CANACCORD GENUITY - RESEARCH DEPARTMENT 22 - 28 Rpt. 25736256 01-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC PIPER JAFFRAY - COMPANY REPORT - TENTHOFF, EDWARD, ET AL 29 - 32 Rpt. 25733910 01-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC COWEN AND COMPANY - BARAL, RITU, ET AL 33 - 37 Rpt. 25736405 01-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC CREDIT SUISSE - NORTH AMERICA - SHEPARD, JEREMIAH, ET AL 38 - 56 Rpt. 25732665 01-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC RBC CAPITAL MARKETS (CANADA) - SIMEONIDIS, SIMOS, ET AL 57 - 62 Rpt. 25732827 01-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC JMP SECURITIES LLC - COMPANY REPORTS - BAYKO, LIISA 63 - 67 Rpt. 25735100 01-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC OPPENHEIMER AND CO - RESEARCH DEPARTMENT 68 - 72 Rpt. 25736008 01-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC RBC CAPITAL MARKETS (CANADA) - SIMEONIDIS, SIMOS, ET AL 73 - 78 These reports were compiled using a product of Thomson Reuters www.thomsonreuters.com 1 Table of Contents Rpt. 25736195 01-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC WILLIAM BLAIR & COMPANY - LUGO, TIM, ET AL 79 - 83 Rpt. 25736196 01-Apr-2015 SAREPTA THERAPEUTICS INC LEERINK PARTNERS LLC - SCHWARTZ...
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...Cliff and Ron Hoppe-Hastings sailed through their vows at their 2011 civil union ceremony, until entering the stage of wanting to begin fatherhood together. Today, Cliff and Ron are the proud fathers of 11-month-old twin girls conceived with the aid of a surrogate (Schoenberg). Surrogacy was their answer. In surrogacy, a woman’s egg is removed from the intended mother or an anonymous donor and fertilized with the sperm of the intended father or anonymous donor. The fertilized egg, or embryo, will then be placed into the surrogate who will carry the baby for the term (Campaign). For women who would like to become a surrogate, there are medical tests, psychological evaluations and background checks (Truesdell). Surrogacy is necessary because surrogates give people with health risks a chance to be parents, it also give homosexuals a chance to experience parenting, and it allows single adults to be parents as well. Surrogates give people with health risks a chance to be parents. Angela Bergmann has been trying to...
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...Types of Parents and Carers Biological Parents: A biological parent has provided the genetic material required for parenting. This means that the parent provides the sperm or the ova. Generally Biological parents contribute genetic material as a result of sexual intercourse. However, with assisted reproductive technologies, creation of a foetus may involve other procedures. Social Parents: Social parents are not genetically related to the child but participate in the role of parenting. Social parents can become parents through adoption, fostering, step-parenting or surrogacy. The parents take on responsibilities of being a parent and may face particular difficulties due to the nature of their relationship with the child. Adoption: Is the process by which a child is given legal responsibility to a family other than their biological family. There are 3 types of adoption: 1. Child is already placed with prospective parents e.g. step-parent or other relative 2. Local Adoption and Over Seas Adoption (Australia is a signatory to the Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption) 3. Adoption of children with special needs Children are no longer considered by law as belonging to or forming part of their biological family. A new birth certificate is issued showing the child as being part of the adopted family, and often the child’s name is changed at the same time. The Adoption Information Act 1990 enables adoptees, at 18 years of age, to have access to their original birth certificates...
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...in rodents through scientific research. Kangaroo care- A method of caring for infants with skin-to-skin contact by a parent. Research Method: Experiment Population: Humans and monkeys Sample: 8 monkeys Procedure: Harlow conducted 4 different studies starting with the separation of infant monkeys from their mothers directly after their birth. Placed in a cubicle, the monkeys were to be raised by a machine surrogate mother in the form of a monkey. One mother was made of wood and sponge, wrapped with a terry cloth while the other mother was made of bare mesh wire. Both surrogates had a breast dispenser and a light bulb on the inside of their coverings to provide warmth for the monkeys. The constructed machines were then placed in two different cubicles. 8 monkeys were separated and placed in a cubicle joining the machines. Each cubicle contained both machines but One cubicle contained a wired monkey with breast milk and the other cubicle contained a cloth monkey with the breast milk. The quantity of time spent with each mother was then recorded by researchers. Harlow then proceeded to place a feared object in the monkey’s cage to document its reaction and which mother it runs to. Next, Harlow placed objects monkeys are fond of playing with in a open field rather then a cubicle with no machine, the cloth machine, or the wire machine to detect the monkey’s reaction to free exploration. Last, Harlow wanted to understand how the infants would react with separation. Once the monkey’s...
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...2.(The birth of a hero to divine noble or royal parentage) Matto Johnson is the son of a France’s most prestigious explorer and Canadian settler and the daughter of one of native America’s most honored tribe chief, children coming from mix relations was forbidden by both cultures in the 1600s. 1.(Prophecy of the birth of the hero) Late at night when Matto’s mother was sleeping she was awoken by a native spirit who came to her in the body of a wolf, he said to her that she and her husband would be in grave danger if they allowed Matto to be born. The spirit said that the boy wouldn’t be able to be brought up in either cultures while they are at war. 3.(He is abandoned, given away or set adrift in the water) While Matto’s parents were escaping...
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...In the film Steel Magnolias the Eatenton family is the primary family. Within the Eatenton family there is the Mother M’Lynn, the father Drum, the daughter Shelby, the two sons Jonathan, and Tommy. M’Lynn is the head of the household she is the primary care giver she ensures the family runs proficiently. She is authoritative in relation to Shelby, she acts as her protector and advices her what the doctors have told her and what she should and should not do. With M’Lynn taking over the role of Shelby’s surrogate healthcare provider this causes a strain and conflict in their relationship. Shelby held distain for her mother trying to control her actions, being intrusive, and telling her what is best for her. The father Drum is supportive he...
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...watch two people I care about destroy 12 years of Brady Bunch love and family values with one signature and a lawyer's bill for $5,000. My parents got divorced when I was 12 and I thought my life had come to an end. My mom left my younger brother and sister and me with my father in a huge house and took her Home Interior with her. A selfish 12-year-old, I wondered how Christmas would be with only one income and who would bake cookies before I came home from school. But it was not long before I realized that my mom took more than her silk flowers and ceramic owls. She took our favorite tutor, our maid to clean up after us and our mother to give us our daily support and comforting. Suddenly, all of these roles were to be replaced by me. Of course I wanted to help my father ease into his new role as Mr. Mom, but I never wanted to become a very young mother of two. The greatest challenge that faces me as a teenager, and continues to face children, is learning when to act like a child and when it's necessary to become an adult. When a 14 year-old child becomes pregnant, does it mean that she automatically becomes an adult, able to make her own decisions? When a child is kicked out of his home because of his incorrigible behavior, does it mean that he is expected to get a job, an apartment, and a checking account at the local bank? When a child is confronted with drugs, does she follow her childish experimental instincts, or does she do the "mature, responsible" thing...
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...Pip’s illness marks his lowest point since he also lost his well-known reputation, status, and wealth. However, unlike the abusive mothers, Dickins does not give Pip the death penalty, but a chance to be reborn. At the peak of his illness, Joe comes back to Pip and nurses him back to health. Pip becomes “like a child in [Joe’s] hands” (Ch. LVII) with Joe is caring for him in an equally respective manner we come to expect from a parent. Other like to think that Joe, and Biddy, after they are married, are Pip’s best parental surrogates towards the end of the book. In Jay Dessner Lawrence’s work “Great Expectations: "the Ghost of a Man's Own Father"” he states that “Pip is reborn as their child… exist[ing] again, as a young boy. With loving and...
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...on incarcerated parents and their children Cassidy, J., Poehlmann, J., & Shaver, P. (2010). An attachment perspective on incarcerated parents and their children. Attachment & Human Development, 12(4), 285-288. Children of incarcerated parents are considered an at-risk population. It is recorded that more than 3 million children are critically affected by having a parent who is incarcerated. The article finds that children are damaged by the interruption this incarceration plays in attachment relationships between the parent and child. The loss the child faces once a parent becomes incarcerated affects the security of the parent-child attachment therefore causing future risk factors. The attachment relationship theory is that mothers/parents who are accessible and receptive to their infant's needs found a sense of security in their children. The child knows that the caregiver is trustworthy, which generates a protected foundation for the child to then explore and discover. This article finds that failure to form secure attachments early in life can have a negative impact on behavior in later childhood and throughout the life. The children are burdened with risk factors in addition to attachment issues. Incarcerated parents seem to be causing several negative situations as the child develops. These risk factors include: * Poverty * Low class living arrangements/neighborhoods * Parental psychopathology/mental health issues * Drug and alcohol abuse ...
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...Student ID – 89862838 Name : Jessica Desnoyers Date: 06/10/2013 Exam – 007868 True Love It was November 2010 when we first met the first time. It was love at first sight I got butterflies in my stomach just being next to him. The moment I knew he was the one was after we were together for a year we had our ups and downs but at the end of the day we’d be in each other’s arms cuddling. The moment he said that he loved me I didn’t want to believe it because I was always the one to get hurt. But with him it was different I knew it was real after I acted as a surrogate mother for a married couple who couldn’t have a baby. He understood that I wanted to help them and that this was very important to me. He was very supportive he was there for me from day one of course he didn’t like the fact of me carrying someone else’s child. But we worked together and got through it no matter what situation I’m in he’s always there for me. When we first met I thought we weren’t going to be together for long because most people don’t understand people with an anxiety disorder but in all the days I didn’t talk much , hide my face or just being shy in general he stuck by my side. Before I met him I promised myself I wouldn’t fall in love again because I just kept getting hurt but he changed that, at first I was scared of letting him into my heart but eventually he found his way in. he we first met I was scared my parent wouldn’t approve of him but when he...
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...The Impact of Fatherless Children Alexander Ontiverios Essay Report The last several decades have seen an alarming trend of increasing father absence or fatherlessness. Fatherlessness is widely recognized as a contributing factor to a myriad of social maladies in the United States. Father absence has been a subject of heated debate and the center of countless surveys, focus groups and opinion polls. There are some who disagree as to exactly how culpable absent fathers are for many of the social ills we’re seeing in our society today, but there’s no denying it is a problem. This paper will endeavor to show that in spite of often heroic efforts by single mothers to rear their children as productive members of society, there is an overwhelming amount of data indicating fatherlessness as a significant factor of violent crime, educational under-achievement, high rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), teenage pregnancy and behavioral disorders and it is vital that children have a father proactively involved in their lives wherever possible. Arguably the most desperate reason for fathers to engage in a positive way in their children’s lives is reflected in the statistics of violent crime. The young men of society today are growing up without fathers to guide them and teach them right from wrong. This has produced a generation of young men who are astonishingly angry. According to a report by Criminal Justice and Behavior, “Eighty percent of rapists motivated by...
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...my parents, brothers, pets, house, hobbies, school, sports and plans for the future. Forty-two years later, I began writing another memoir, this one about the eight years I spent in the White House living history with Bill Clinton. I quickly realized that I couldn’t explain my life as First Lady without going back to the beginning―how I became the woman I was that first day I walked into the White House on January 20, 1993, to take on a new role and experiences that would test and transform me in unexpected ways. By the time I crossed the threshold of the White House, I had been shaped by my family upbringing, education, religious faith and all that I had learned before―as the daughter of a staunch conservative father and a more liberal mother, a student activist, an advocate for children, a lawyer, Bill’s wife and Chelsea’s mom. For each chapter, there were more ideas I wanted to discuss than space allowed; more people to include than could be named; more places visited than could be described. If I mentioned everybody who has impressed, inspired, taught, influenced and helped me along the way, this book would be several volumes long. Although I’ve had to be selec- tive, I hope that I’ve conveyed the push and pull of events and relationships that affected me and continue to shape and enrich my world today. Since leaving the White House I have embarked on a new phase of my life...
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