...Why has Madonna experienced sustained success over the past two decades? 1. Vision. Madonna has demonstrated a clear commitment to super-stardom goal that was pursued with single mindedness throughout her career. Other dimensions of her life have been either subordinated to or absorbed within her career goals. Rather than wait for industry trends, she has acted to shape the world around her. 2. Deep understanding of consumers and the industry environment. Madonna has developed her strategy through a deep and insightful appreciation of customers and the music industry. Critical to her continuing success has been a deep understanding of the ingredients for sustaining popular appeal. The frequent reinvention of her style and sound has reflected an acute awareness of changing styles, social norms and attitudes in a fast clock-speed industry. 3. Leveraging competences and addressing weaknesses. Madonna has been able to exploit her abilities to develop and project her image and to exploit emerging trends, while protecting areas of weakness. Her weaknesses have been more than compensated for by her use of an extensive network of support personnel, including musicians, technologists, producers, dancers, and designers. Her personal relationships have often been important in building her career. 4. Consistent Implementation. Without consistent implementation, even the best strategies are unlikely to succeed. Madonna has surrounded herself with individuals and organizations...
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...Iced teas have become a common choice of beverage in the U.S. They come in a form of packets, ready –to-drink bottles, fountain syrups, or freshly brewed. Nowadays, they can be found simply at any places that carry beverages, within my community would be; 711, Ralphs market, and a Walmart store. According to the report by Tea Association of the U.S.A Inc., Tea Fact Sheet –2013, Tea is the most widely consumed beverage in the world next to water and can be found in almost 80% of all U.S. households. The statistic suggested that over 158 million Americans drink tea on any given day (Teausa.com, 2014). It should also be noted that over 65% of tea consumed in U.S. was prepared using tea bags. Furthermore, according to the article by Washingtonpost.com, Americans prefer iced tea than they do of hot tea. In particular more than 85% of tea consumed in the U.S. is chilled (Ferdman, “America is slowly-but surely-becoming a nation of tea drinkers”, 2014) Tea is an evergreen plant that grows mainly in tropical and subtropical climate, commonly grown in the mountainous areas at around 3,000 – 7,000 feet above the sea level. Even though Americans love to drink tea, there are only a few states with a fitting climate condition and to produce them under allowable season. It is due to this factor that makes it harder for the U.S soil to mass-produce tea under its own soil. Thus, the high demands for tea have to be met by the method of importation from other countries such as Argentina...
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...and also their reputation, increased customer loyalty, etc. Sustainability is necessary for an organization's success. It is a question of debate from past many years that should Corporate Social Responsibility be mandatory. This is a vision to become ethical and value driven society, it is easy to say, but difficult to implement. If CSR becomes mandatory it will be very beneficial for them as: CSR means contributing to the society either through company's products, services or operations or by any of its deeds and actions. This can be done by adopting practices that reduces the organization's impact on the environment, developing staff, supporting the community and even the way company does the business. This will help the company to sustain and also build their image and trust in the society. CSR can help in business benefits. CSR practices can be very essential for winning tenders for large companies...
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...3.1 EXPLAIN HOW PRODUCTS ARE DEVELOPED TO SUSTAIN COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE. Competitive advantage is defined as strategic advantage which business entity has over others in the same competitive organisation, achieving it puts the business in a position within that business area. Sustain competitive advantage, can also be said to be focal point of corporate strategy that allows improvement of business in competitive market position, helps the survival of business against other competitors over a long period of time. Business has ways that they can develop product so as to build competitive advantage. Few of these are 1. The release of product to market: business can hold back some development they make to their product so that improved version can come out periodically, rather than have all out and can’t improve it in future. These makes it exciting for customers because other rival goods then look boring when compared. 2. When business can provide different product to rivals within the business that is unique with special benefits to consumers, in such situation that business would be able to customer’s loyalty. 3. Marketing and Research of product, these should be done according to wants and needs before being made rather than developing then looking to see if it moves in market. Research is made to see if there is demand for product in market environment, making sure that there is high demand for that product. Micheal Porter said also that when a firm can deliver same benefits...
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...Brendan Wiley MKT 6301 2-17-2015 Apple Case Study Challenges Apple reached the highest publically traded stock in Sept 2012 at $650B making Apple the most valuable publically traded company of all time. Apple did this by having differentiated products, brand loyalty, and seamless integrated devices. It is April 2013 and Apples total value has gone down to $370B. This is mainly due to constant pressures from competitors such as Samsung and others. Apple is challenged with responding correctly to competition with the right product to market, as well as how they are going to compete in new emerging markets. Apple is also challenged with coming up with not only short term solutions but creating new long term solutions to bring back the favorable growth they had received previously. Tim cook, CEO, will need to evaluate these challenges and make applicable changes to foster new sustainable growth at Apple. Solution #1 The first solution would be to beat Samsung in the smartphone race by creating the best spec’d phone of all time. Apple needs to stop following Samsung. As new Iphones have come out, Samsung has consistently put out a better technological option to follow Apple. Recently it has been so bad that you can go back two generations of Samsung S phones and that is comparable to the newest Iphone release. The key to Apples success will be to win the smart phone race and have the best product on the market at all times. Competitively, they would cut into Samsung’s market...
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...: “ BEHAVIOURISTS EXPLAIN MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOUR IN TERMS OF THE LEARNING PRINCIPLES THAT SUSTAIN AND MAINTAIN IT. DISCUSS THIS STATEMENT AND SHOW HOW A BEHAVIOURIST’S APPROACCH TO THERAPY IS IN STARK CONTRAST TO A PSYCHOANALYTIC ONE” Behaviourism is a movement within psychology that works on the principle that all behaviour is “learned” , that we were all born with a “blank slate”. Behavioural approaches use strict experimental measures to study observable behaviour ( or responses ) in relation to the environment, thus resulting in the maladaptive behavioural approaches that we employ to deal with our learning. Behaviourism was first developed in the early 20th century by an American psychologist John B Watson, who at the time was working in the field of animal psychology. He believed that all behaviour was observable and therefore scientific, and worked on the principle and study of the association between a stimulus and response. ( Watson did not deny the existence of inner experiences, but insisted that they could not be studied because they were not observable ) Watson’s stimulus and response theory of psychology claimed that all complex forms of behaviour – emotions, habits etc – are seen as composed of simple muscular and glandular elements that can be observed and measured, and that emotional reactions are learned in much the same way. Watson aimed to prove his beliefs with laboratory experiments, and one of these experiments was known as “ The Little Albert Experiment”...
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...“Behaviorists explain maladaptive behaviour in terms of the learning principles that sustain and maintain it. Discuss this statement and show how a behaviourist’s approach to therapy is in stark contrast to a psychoanalytic one”. I will begin my essay by describing the development of behaviourism. This will show how its roots are completely different from those of psychoanalysis. It will also reveal something of the methodology of behaviourism and the principles behind it. This will provide the ground for developing a fuller description of maladaptive behaviour and those elements that 'maintain and sustain' it. I will conclude by contrasting the positions of the Behaviourist and the Analytical Psychologist underlining the ethical issues involved. The first striking contrast between psychoanalysis and behaviourism lies in the fact that the former was developed in Europe in order to meet the therapeutic needs of patients while the latter grew out of the Progressive Movement (P.M.1880-1920) in the United States. This movement arose from three main sources: 1.The industrial revolution. 2. Scientific Rationalism. 3. Liberal political philosophy. The P.M. wanted scientific thinking that had created a new society so swiftly, to be brought to bear on every aspect of life. 'Progressives transformed, professionalized and made "scientific" the social sciences, especially history, economics, and political science’. (Wikipedia) According to the P.M. The...
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...Despite flattening demand for carbonated beverages such as Coke and Pepsi, the increased popularity of noncarbonated beverages, greater demand from emerging markets, and Coke and Pepsi's absolute and comparative advantages over competition, each continues to produce profits that meet and exceed industry expectations. In 2012, Coke and Pepsi posted profits margins of 18.78% and 9.42% (Cho, 2013), respectively, clearly utilizing their advantages over other players in the sector . Coca-Cola and Pepsi have developed a wide range of products that can be used to penetrate emerging markets. They each sell the classic brands as well as geographically specific beverages. Populations from around the world continue to have more disposable income and are spending that income on luxury items such as Coke and Pepsi products. “Emerging markets are extremely important for Coke and Pepsi. Overseas sales account for roughly half of Pepsi's revenue, and more than 60% of Coke's.” (DuBois, 2013). In attached Exhibits 1 and 2, it is clear that the push into these markets is ensuring continued profitability for Coke and Pepsi. Contributing to continued profitability is the emergence of the product lines for Coke and Pepsi of noncarbonated and healthier alternatives to sugary drinks, and acquisition of complementary products; e.g., Quaker and Lays. This has translated into continued growth in market share and revenues. In the fourth quarter of 2012, Coca Cola’s “profit rose 13 percent as sales...
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...The Effective Managerial Leadership Style that Sustains Middle Management Job Satisfaction and Job Retention for Organizational Success Vivienne Huang Author Note Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Vivienne Huang, E-mail: Vivienne.huang@gmail.com Abstract Managerial leadership styles greatly determine how organizations deal with challenges and capitalize opportunities in the hospitality industry, especially for organizations with multi-level operational structures and numerous geographic locations. Changes of managerial leadership style of senior corporate management can significantly impact job satisfaction and retention of middle managers which ultimately affect a firm’s ability to maintain customer satisfaction, enhance competitive advantage in the marketplace, and sustain profitability. While traditional management approaches supply standards and processes, direct and control people, work in the system to deal with status-quo, effective managerial leadership provides leaders the integrating capacity to significantly impact on the life of their followers and the future of the organization. Interactions between top management and middle management are critical for meeting organizational objectives and executing strategic development. Top executives must carefully examine and determine the most appropriate managerial leadership style that inspire, motivate, guide and support middle managers to achieve higher performance, commitment, trust and...
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...This essay has 2462 words ‘Behaviourists explain maladaptive behaviour in terms of the learning principles that sustain and maintain it. Discuss this statement and show how a behaviourists approach to therapy is in stark contrast to a psychoanalytic one’ Behaviorism was originally founded by John B. Watson who believed that behavior had the means to be measured, trained and changed (1913) The Behavioural theory is firstly based on experiment and secondly by describing how human behaviour is learnt through principles and rules. Maladaptive behaviour is when an individual is unable to adjust to situations; psychologists use this term to describe patterns of emotional disturbance. Both behavioural and psychoanalytic psychologists use this in different ways. The behavioural theory is based on two main factors being biological drives such as primitive needs and sex drive and what is learnt. The three main principles in the behavioural theory are Stimuli, response and conditioning. Behaviour is believed to be a conditioned response to an environmental stimulus. Individuals are obliged to react to stimuli using their senses such as seeing and hearing. There are short lived unlearned behaviours such as suckling and unlearned grasping. Responses are overt and implicit, learned or unlearned. Response can be foreseen if stimuli are available and stimuli can be predicted from the response. Unlearned responses are automatic such as breathing heavily and perspiring when running. Unlearned...
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...2. What is competition like in the alternative beverage industry? Which of the five competitive forces is strongest? Which is weakest? What competitive forces seem to have the greatest effect on industry attractiveness and the potential profitability of new entrants? Competition from substitutes is substantial. There were many substitutes to alternative beverages such as tea, soft drinks, fruit juices, bottled water and tap water. Even though substitute products had a bigger market share in the US, consumers had tended to buy more alternative beverages. This change in customer preference had weakened the competitive power of substitute beverages. Convenience store, grocery store, and wholesale club buyers had substantial leverage in negotiating pricing and slotting fees with alternative beverage producers because of their large purchases. New brands with low market shares were most vulnerable to buyer leverage since shelf space was limited while top brands such as Red Bull were almost always assured of shelf space. Coca-Cola and PepsiCo were least vulnerable since they offered a wide variety of beverages that convenience stores, grocery stores, and wholesale clubs wished to offer to consumers. As a result of this certain appeal, the two companies’ alternative beverage brands almost always found shelf space in retail stores. The bargaining power and leverage of suppliers was the weakest competitive force. Many suppliers for alternative beverage ingredients and they fight with...
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...pagbabalita (Sustain 3 sec.) Anchor: Ang oras na hudyat, ganap na (oras) ng umaga. (Sustain 3 sec.) : Mga balitang inipon at sinipi ngayong ika-dalawampu’t siyam ng Enero,2015 ng D-Z-I-V (Sustain 3 sec.) : Ako po si Racquiel Garcia para sa limang minutong pagbabalita. (Sustain 3 sec.) : Para sa ulo ng mga balita. (Sustain 3 sec.) SFX: EFF Pulubi, Bakit itinago kay Pope Francis? (Sustain 3 sec.) SFX: EFF Pacquiao vs Mayweather Inaabangan (Sustain 3 sec.) SFX: EFF Second Wedding nila Aiza at Liza, dinagsa ng kanilang mga kaibigan (Sustain 3 sec.) SFX: EFF Sleeping Beauty Syndrome, kumakalat sa Kazakhstan (Sustain 3 sec.) SFX: EFF (Ulat Panahon) Anchor: At ang detalye ng mga balita makalipas ang ilang paalala. I-N-F-O-M-E-R-C-I-A-L Member 1: (Paraiso) Member 2: Mama tungkol saan ang kantang yon? Member 3: Anak, para sa Inang Kalikasan ang kantang yon. Member 2: Inang Kalikasan? Member 3: Oo anak, dahil ang mga tao ngayon ay sinisira ang kalikasan. Member 2: Ano ang mangyayari kapag nasira ang inaang kalikasan? Member 3: Mawawala ang tunay na ganda ng Inang Kalikasan. SFX: Sungha Jung Message: Iligtas ang Kalikasan Ito an g ating tirahan Ating Buhay.. (Sustain 3 sec.) At ngayon para sa detalye ng mga balita (Sustain 2 sec.) Para...
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...According to the article: "Food Economics" on the website of http://sustainabletable.org farmers sustain our economy by. They support our economy by bringing in money, giving people jobs, and reducing cost for the future. Farmers bring in 63.7 billion dollars yearly for the United States. Another way that farmers bring in money by selling their products to consumers. Consumers spend over 1 trillion dollars on food by the United States yearly. They also sustain our economy by giving people jobs. They give people jobs such as, picking crops, working in fields, and working with cattle, or other farm animals.Another way that farmers sustain our economy is by reducing cost of the future by, having control over the prices over their products. That is how farmers sustain our...
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...Rubric for 5S Project | | |NEEDS FURTHER |INCORPORATES | | |LACKS ESSENTIAL |DEVELOPMENT |BEST POL PRACTICES | | |FEATURES OF EFFECTIVE POL | | | | | |50% |100% | | |0% | | | | | |The project has essential POL features but has some of the |The project has the following strengths: | | |The project has one or more of |following weaknesses: |...
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...s. Adler highlights that Abernathy sees the productivity dilemma on a one-dimensional spectrum, where businesses choose between short-term efficiency and long-term adaptability (Adler et al., 2009 p. 99-100, 104, 109). Strategies Only the most important strategies, from the article, will be covered, because of the paper’s words limitations. O’Reilly and Tushman, 2008 highlights the strategy of structural ambidextrous designs to overcome the productivity dilemma. Structural ambidextrous enables businesses to sustain both exploration and exploitation, there increase efficiency and simultaneously innovates. If e.g. one subunit explores and another exploits, so the subunits are highly differentiated but loosely coupled (p. 101). Brunner et al., 2008 presents the strategy of deliberate perturbation for businesses, there are in mature process. Deliberate perturbation is where organizations intentionally re-introduce variance into mature processes to sustain learning and knowledge creation through exploratory interpretation (p. 104). Theoretically it makes sense to use the strategies mentioned above to overcome the productivity dilemma, but it is difficult to find the right balance between efficiency and adaptability in the real world. There is not ‘one’ right balance for all businesses. The right balance depends on the business internal structure, core capabilities, industry, suppliers etc. Changes...
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