...Vodun is practiced by the Ewe people of eastern and southern Ghana, and southern and central Togo; and the Kabye people, Mina people, and Fon people of southern and central Togo, southern and central Benin. It is also practiced by some Gun people of Lagos and Ogun in southwest Nigeria. It is distinct from the various African traditional religions in the interiors of these countries and is the main source of religions with similar names found among the African Diaspora in the New World such as Haitian Vodou; Puerto Rican Vodú; Cuban Vodú; Dominican Vudú; Brazilian Vodum; and Louisiana Voodoo. All of these closely related faiths are syncretized with Christianity to various degrees and with the traditional beliefs of the Kongo people and Indigenous American traditions. Theology and practice Vodun cosmology centers around the vodun spirits and other elements of divine essence that govern the Earth, a hierarchy that range in power from major deities governing the forces of nature and human society to the spirits of individual streams, trees, and rocks, as well as dozens of ethnic vodun, defenders of a certain clan, tribe, or nation. The vodun are the center of religious life, similar in many ways to doctrines such as the intercession of saints and angels that made Vodun appear compatible with Christianity, especially Catholicism, and produced syncretic religions such as Haitian Vodou. Adherents also emphasize ancestor worship and hold that the spirits of the dead live side by...
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...Beer pong has been the main attraction at most social events in my young college life. There have been some pretty well put together tournaments, and there have been some that had gone terribly wrong. Beer pong is when two opposing teams line up six cups of beer across from each other on a six to eight foot table. The players then take turns trying to throw a small ball in the opposing teams’ cups. Each ball that lands in a cup results in the player or team drinking that beer. The first team that runs out of cups of beer on their side of the table will not only have lost the game but they will also have to drink the remaining beers of their opponents. The winning team can either stop playing or continue to play the next team in line. Now I will go over the step by step process on how to successfully throw a beer pong competition. The step by step process to effectively host a beer pong competition are having a venue set up for the event, having multiple beer pong tables and gear for the games, creating a list of people that may be interested and inviting them, and having, of course, enough beer to last the entire competition. The venue or location for the competition is very important. You want to make sure that there will be plenty of room for the tables and extra space for bystanders and other partiers. Halls or banquet rooms are perfect for hosting these events. Calling the owner of the establishment for permission in renting the room is the first step. The next step would...
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...We have previously discussed syncretism and its definition and meaning. However, what legacies have the differences in types of encounters and degrees of cultural change left today? If we consider syncretism within the arenas of philosophy and religion, we can see that the melding of earlier cultures has had a lasting effect, even today. As cultures recombine with one another, they often create a new blend of teaching and belief systems from the two different cultures. However, some western religious syncretism occurred in China during the mid-late 1800s, its hybrid form not only refashioned a new belief system but also coauthored a massive rebellion known as the Taiping rebellion. While Hung Hsiu-ch'üan and his cousin baptized themselves in a well and Hung Hsiu-ch'üan called himself the other son of God, they called upon (Hooker, 1996) gender equality and sobriety, absolutism in the government and hierarchy established and even in worship during the Opium wars and rebelled not only against the foreigners and the despots then arising in opposition to foreign extraterritoriality but also to the Manchu rulers they blamed for the burgeoning group of people in the poorest class. More importantly, perhaps, this syncretism combined with the numerous cultural forces and western religions in the land, became militarized and regrettably eventually took between 30-50 million lives (Hooker, 1996). Syncretism is a fascinating amalgam of different cultures that exist at various times. We...
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...Abstract Social syncretism has assumed a key part in molding diverse countries and societies into what they are today. I will examine the legacies of social syncretism inside different parts of the world including China, India, Africa and America. I will talk over the diverse sorts of experiences polished inside every zone and the impressions that social syncretism has left in up to date. Syncretism is the procedure by which societies are joined, by and large between conventional society and attributes of an acclimated society. This advancement was particularly recognizable in the Americas with the organization of provincial society with the station of both North and South America. In spite of the fact that the African and Latin American societies mixed, both India and China opposed the Western society. As the Europeans developed and investigated new locales, they exhibited religion, learning, weapons and prescription. These alone could have a real effect on existing societies. The European cooperation helped in converting societies. Although a huge some piece of African society originated from the European's dialect, religion, and traditions, just a couple of the African societies and ceremonies were adjusted by the Europeans. The Africans could use from a specialized side this exchange of societies with more progressive weapons, prescription and agribusiness. From a near viewpoint, the Western perspective of these newfound societies were extensions for the officially...
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...^ISDOM OF THE EAST THE PERSIAN MYSTICS JALALU'D-DIN RUM! BY F. HADLAND DAVIS " AUTHOR OF IN THE VALLEY OF STARS " THERE IS A TOWER OP SILENCE "! LONDON STREET JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE 1912 ALL RIGHTS TO A. T. K. THIS LITTLE BOOK OF EASTERN WISDOM IS LOVINGLY INSCRIBED " OUR JOURNEY is TO THE ROSE-GARDEN OF UNION jALA"LU'D-DfN PREFACE to thank Mr. R. A. Nicholson for kind and generous permission to use selections from his Dwani Shamsi Tabriz, and I DESIRE his also his publishers, the Cambridge Press. I am deeply indebted to Mr. E. H. Whinfield for allowing me to use quotations from his rendering I of the Masnavi (Triibner's Oriental Series). also cordially thank Mr. John Hastie for giving permission to quote a few passages from the " " Festival of Spring late Rev. Professor Hastie's (James Maclehose and Sons, Glasgow). The poems quoted from this volume are entitled : "Thy Rose," "I saw the Winter weaving," " " Love sounds the Music of the Spheres," The " The Beloved All in Souls Love-moved," and All the other translations from the lyrical All." poetry of Jalalu'd-Din Rumi are by Mr. R. A. me Nicholson. To these gentlemen, 7 and to those 8 I have left PREFACE unnamed, I tender my warmest thanks my for their help, sympathy, and interest in " attempt to popularise the wisest of the Persian Stiffs." F. LONDON, January 22, 1907. HADLANB DAVIS. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...
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...Compare and contrast the legacies of cultural syncretism in Africa and the Americas with the resistance to cultural change Westerners encountered in China and India. What cultural factors caused the differences in outcomes? What legacies have the differences in types of encounters and degrees of cultural change left today? Had syncretism not occurred in the Americas, how might modern culture be different? If cultural syncretism had taken root during early encounters in China or India, how might they be different today? The quest for wealth and power brought Europeans to Indian shores in 1498 when Vasco da Gama, the Portuguese voyager, arrived in Calicut (modern Kozhikode, Kerala) on the west coast. In their search for spices and Christian converts, the Portuguese challenged Arab supremacy in the Indian Ocean, and, with their galleons fitted with powerful cannons, set up a network of strategic trading posts along the Arabian Sea and the Persian Gulf. In 1510 the Portuguese took over the enclave of Goa, which became the center of their commercial and political power in India and which they controlled for nearly four and a half centuries. Economic competition among the European nations led to the founding of commercial companies in England (the East India Company, founded in 1600) and in the Netherlands (Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie--the United East India Company, founded in 1602), whose primary aim was to capture the spice trade by breaking the Portuguese monopoly in Asia...
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...Culture Syncretism Tyffani Thompson AIU Assigned Group Project Part Cultural syncretism is understood to be me a mixture of different methods of believing or even being active in something. If root took place in China during the early encounters they would be different by having a decreased amount in their communities due to them being extremely involved in religion. That would cause them to not be so much into working which is what they are so much about. China recognizes multiple religions such as Buddhism, Islam, Confucianism, Christianity, and etc. Personally, with them not being so deeply into religion and barely working as it is (only making about one thousand dollars per year) I would find it hard to believe that they would be able to survive under cultural syncretism. Money makes the economy involve which also includes the trading and rebuilding when it comes to China – definite must. Majority of America’s product if you look at the labels are made in China. If root took place in India during the early encounters that would of benefited them on their end due to them already being very religious. India is known to believe in Buddhism and Hinduism – their religion is very important and vital to their everyday parts of life. This meant that they wanted to spend their time in religion and not work but with about five hundred dollars a year that is horrible when it comes to their economy. Now with their status of rebuilding and trading...
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...American Intercontinental University Unit 3 - Cultural Syncretism Alisha Kinchen February 26th, 2012 Abstract This paper contains information regarding Cultural Syncretism. It is my contribution to the Unit Three Group Project. The information is provided for the group in order to explain the impact Syncretism has on individuals along with its aftermath. Cultural Syncretism When asked the question of what cultural factors caused the differences in outcomes regarding the legacies of cultural syncretism in Africa and the Americas with the resistance to cultural change Westerners encountered in China and India there had to be research conducted explaining what the factors were with definitions suffice to examining each component along with correlating with the countries of topic found throughout the paper, so without further delay the source of this information is from the following: The University of Calgary (2000)Old World Contacts. Cultural Conversion Theory Page. Cultural Factors are listed as follows: * Conversion by Voluntary Association - Co-operation & Co-existence * Conversion by Pressure - Conflict, Conquest & Coercion * Conversion by Pressure - Migratory Pressures * Conversion by Assimilation - Adoption & Adaptation * Combinations of Modes of Conversion * Syncretism & * Cultural Resistance Having reviewed the list above let us look further into how each component caused differences in out comes to occur. According...
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...The Migration of Cultures Tracey Percifield, Penny Rogers, Cheryl Halford, Nate Conley and Amber Wirth American Intercontinental University Abstract In knowing how people of the past decades lived we must examine the past and study many things they left behind. By understanding how they lived and what impact they had as they migrated to the New World, it is then we understand how they lived and understand what the environment was like. Looking at the impact that immigrants had and brought to the New World we see what cultures and food dishes they brought to our civilization. The Migration of Cultures By 1830 the United States consisted of 2.3 million out of 12.8 million were of African descent and upon them settling after being brought here from Africa they brought many traditions and impacted the culture today. When they came to the United States they brought scientific and technological systems from the West and Central Africa as well as many food dishes such as; gumbo and rice, millet, sorghum, watermelon and black-eyed peas. They also brought tradition with them regarding funerals, celebration festivals, arts, music, dugout canoes, the banjo and language which also had an effect on the European culture as well and this is known as Africanism (Nps.gov, n.d.). Africanism is directly related to African American and Creolization which asks the question when you stop and give to the American or European culture. They point out that the African culture has...
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...CULTURAL SYNCRETISM Everybody has heard and knows from the earliest human history that the people who populated this earth five-thousand years ago happened during the Bantu migration; now moving forward to more current times of African people displaced by political oppressions, famine, economic factors, and conflicts. The slave trade encompassed four continents: Africa, Europe, North America, and South America. When slaves were forced to North America had not only brought people but different cultures within North America, too. Aside from African’s forced to North America, to understand cultural syncretism, one must take into account Asia and the Indian Ocean that took place a couple of hundred years earlier. The coerced labor from 1500 (Asia and the Indian Ocean) was an earlier account of cultural syncretism but Europeans found it more difficult to mingle two different beliefs into one. Over-time the different cultures in North America would not be so much forced syncretism, but would rather create a melting pot of beliefs (Lindenfield, 2008). Cultural Mergence Looking at the two different worlds that were oceans apart in some aspects may have been only miles apart. Thinking of what causes two different cultures to merge is usually simply religion. When settlers found the New World, had settled it in the image of Christianity. Everybody who lived on the New World’s land was expected to take in the ideology of Christianity, just like the Pilgrims did to the Native Americans...
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...So where does that leave us as Christians? In a word it leaves us at the crossroads of choice to participate in the celebration of Halloween as the rest of the world does in my opinion is no place for the Christian I've tried to accommodate it on various levels as a parent and also as a pastor but I have never ever been successful. Sooner or later compromise is the end result C.S. Lewis once said "No clever arrangement of bad eggs would make a good omelette." You can not synchronize the gospel of Christ and a godless event and come out with something successful. Technically it's syncretism that's the word and it effects us today syncretism is the attempt to blend the good elementsof different religions with each other to make something balance...
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...Various forms of art, music, and literature influence our day to day reactions to the ongoing changes in our society. Art powers society, people make this happen for the reason that all they are, do, have, and dream about is inspired by art. Art is music, literature, media, sports, technology, and pretty much anything else you can think of. Look anywhere around you–art is there; and most of the time that art is the best of its kind. People who work in advertising spend 10+ hours a day thinking of ways to get you to notice their product and the ones that have the best art work are usually the most successful. Even the hypothetical “lack” of art IS art in its own way. I am in the universe, and the universe is in me. I do art, and art does me… Art is expression, a statement, if you don’t have a statement to make, there is no art. So where do statements come from? Our life, our situation, our society. In an artistic process, I get an impression from something, and process it and when I release it in any artistic form of expression; someone else gets an impression from my expression. And so they can process it and share it and possibly express it so other impressions are made. In this sense, society influences my expression, which again influences others, if effective. And this communication is only effective when my process is honest all through and through, which means, my impression, my process and expression must be in synch. Helen Keller has always been influential in my life...
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...were built close to the shrines of important figures, providing places of refuge for travelers. “At bowshot range from the fortress is the shrine of Mustafa Baba, with a tekke […] where travelers can spend the night .” Although this is only one example that does not necessarily fit into the larger picture of the presence of Sufis in Europe, it does show from a primary source that tekkes were located within short distances of important locations. In Asia Minor, mystical orders contributed to the religious syncretism in Anatolia due to the relatable practices between religions, like the veneration of saints and practices that were transferable . With the popularized notion of religious practices that did not follow the strict orders of the religion, lay people could...
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...Introduction Throughout this paper we will compare and contrast the cultural syncretism and legacies of the Americas and Africa and the resistance to cultural change that the westerners encountered in both China and India. We will also discuss the factors of these outcomes, and the effects on modern cultures today. Many legacies have been given to us from China and India. China gave us the Great Wall of China. This was built during the Ming dynasty and was built to protect China from invasions from the north. During the Song Dynasty (960-1279CE) the printing press was revolutionized which allowed the transmission of knowledge into China. When Marco Polo arrived in China the Chinese scholar-painters resisted foreign domination. Luxury goods such as lacquerware was a very popular item. Lacquer is a clear liquid made from the sap of the Chinese Rhus verniifers tree. This was used to protect materials from water, heat, and acid. This is still used in todays’ society. Porcelain is ceramic ware produced in China and is still used in modern society. Dinnerware of today along with many gifts are still made from porcelain. The Sub- Saharan Africans were a large community united by kinship and generally were ruled by chieftains. The Europeans were interested in these people for purpose of slave trading. The church was interested in converting Africa’s pagan population over to Christianity. West Africa was believed to be the center of the regions culture. They gave us sculptors, and...
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...Abstract This essay will focus on the differences in types of encounters and the degrees of cultural change have left on the world today and what are the legacies of cultural change. You could almost call this the evolution of societies and cultures through cultural encounters. The first step of globalization actually began with the encounters of cultures. In the last few weeks leading to this week’s assignment is we discussed how early civilization influenced each other we seen how the Roman and Greek civilizations had an impact on each other to some degree. We are now exploring how specific countries have all seen and dealt with the topic of cultural syncretism. Cultural Syncretism Still Waiting on First Question From Trya….. What cultural factors caused the differences in outcomes? Some of the cultural factors that caused the different outcomes that the Westerners encountered in both China and India are that they each had very different beliefs. Each culture had its own power, control or dominance (Sayre, 2010). In China, the Chinese would have rather stayed isolated that to be influenced by the Mongolians. In the Song dynasty prospered with their production of iron and therefore their government ended up being controlled by the merchants, they were extremely wealthy. They also had intelligent citizens due to the fact that they had an advance on their printing. They were able to print books and these books helped them get ready for their exams. The Chinese...
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