Background of the Study Dyes are commonly used in our industry. Many dyes are too expensive and that is why many people find ways to have a cheaper one. Syzygium Aqueum or locally known as Tambis is a common tree in the Philippines and some part of Asia. The seeds of this tree have been found out by the researcher that it has biological active compounds of tannins which are needed in producing dyes. In this study, the researcher concluded that the leaves extract also of the said tree may possibly contain also a biological active compound of tannin which will be use as the raw material in producing dyes. Thus, this will be a great help to people in many ways such as drawing activities, colouring activities, and etc.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to answer these following questions; 1. Is there any significant difference between the color of the extract of Tambis leaves from Turmeric Rhizome dye? 2. Is there any significant difference between the effectiveness of Tambis leaves extract from Turmeric Rhizome dye? 3. Is there any significant difference between its long lasting effects of Tambis leaves from Turmeric Rhizome dye?
Significant of the Study In this study, extracting the tannin from the leaves of Tambis tree will be used as the raw material in producing dyes. Conducting this study will help people minimize buying high cost dyes; instead choose the leaves of Syzygium Aqueum as dyes.
Scope and Delimitation The study concerns the determination of biological active compounds in the Syzygium Aqueum leaves. The Experimental study will be conducted at Iligan City National High School ESEP Building with the advisory of Mrs. Annallee Q. Aron on S.Y. 2008-2009. This study focuses only in the production of dyes from the extract of Tambis leaves of Tambis tree ( Syzygium Aqueum).
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
The Tree: The tree may reach 10 or even 32 ft (3-10 m); has a short, crooked trunk branching close to the ground, and a non-symmetrical, open crown. The opposite leaves, on very short, thick petioles, are obviated- or elliptic-oblong, chordate at the base and clasping the twig; blunt and notched or short-pointed at the apex; 2 to 10 in (5-25 cm) long, 1 to 6 3/8 in (2.5-16 cm) wide; dull, light-green above, yellowish-green beneath; leathery; not aromatic or only slightly so when crushed. Flowers, faintly fragrant, are home in loose terminal or auxiliary clusters of 3 to 7, mostly hidden by the foliage. The 4-parted calyx and 4 petals are pale-yellow, yellowish-white or pinkish and there are numerous concolorous stamens to 3/4 in (2 cm) long. Thin-skinned and shining, the fruit varies from white, to light-red or red, is pear-shaped with a narrow neck and broad apex; 5/8 to 3/4 in (1.6-2 cm) long, 1 to 1 1/3 in (2.5-3.4 cm) wide. The apex is concave; bears the thick calyx segments and the protruding, slender, bristle-like style. The flesh is white or pink, mildly fragrant, dry or juicy, crisp or spongy, and usually of sweetish but faint flavor. There may be 3 to 6 small seeds, frequently only 1 or 2, but generally the fruits are seedless. (http;//www.nort.puraue.edu/newcrop/manhort/waterapple.html)
Dye:
A dye can generally be described as a colored substance that has an affinity to the substrate to which it is being applied. The dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution, and may require a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber.
Both dyes and pigments appear to be colored because they absorb some wavelengths of light preferentially. In contrast with a dye, a pigment generally is insoluble, and has no affinity for the substrate. Some dyes can be precipitated with an inert salt to produce a lake pigment, and based on the salt used they could be aluminum lake, calcium lake or barium lake pigments. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye)
Tannins:
Tannins are astringent, bitter plant polyphenols that either bind and precipitate or shrink proteins. The astringency from the tannins is what causes the dry and puckery feeling in the mouth following the consumption of red wine, strong tea, or an unripened fruit.[1] The term tannin refers to the use of tannins in tanning animal hides into leather; however, the term is widely applied to any large polyphenolic compound containing sufficient hydroxyls and other suitable groups (such as carboxyl’s) to form strong complexes with proteins and other macromolecules. Tannins have molecular weights ranging from 500 to over 3,000.[2] Tannins are incompatible with alkalis, gelatin, heavy metals, iron, lime water, metallic salts, strong oxidizing agents and zinc sulfate. (Encarta suite premium2004).
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
DEFINITION OF TERMS
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Dye out from Syzygium Aqueum( DEPENDENT VARIABLE)
➢ Quality Test
➢ Discoloration Test • Bleaching with detergent soap • Running with water • Exposed to sunlight
Dye out from Turmeric Rhizome (INDEPENDENT VARIABLE)
